PMC:7219429 / 21527-22690 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T127","span":{"begin":100,"end":107},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T128","span":{"begin":120,"end":131},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T129","span":{"begin":243,"end":248},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T130","span":{"begin":293,"end":300},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T131","span":{"begin":332,"end":344},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T132","span":{"begin":393,"end":404},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T133","span":{"begin":437,"end":444},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T134","span":{"begin":475,"end":487},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T135","span":{"begin":602,"end":613},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T136","span":{"begin":784,"end":791},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T137","span":{"begin":828,"end":839},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T138","span":{"begin":935,"end":942},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A127","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T127","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A128","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T128","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A129","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T129","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67264"},{"id":"A130","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T130","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A131","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T131","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A132","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T132","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A133","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T133","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A134","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T134","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A135","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T135","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A136","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T136","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A137","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T137","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82816"},{"id":"A138","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T138","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":83,"end":91},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":276,"end":284},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T84","span":{"begin":420,"end":428},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T85","span":{"begin":767,"end":775},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T86","span":{"begin":918,"end":926},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A82","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T82","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A83","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T83","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A84","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T84","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A85","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T85","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"},{"id":"A86","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T86","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T209","span":{"begin":63,"end":64},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T210","span":{"begin":117,"end":118},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T211","span":{"begin":183,"end":184},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T212","span":{"begin":568,"end":573},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0050605"},{"id":"T213","span":{"begin":600,"end":601},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T396","span":{"begin":14,"end":17},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T397","span":{"begin":66,"end":69},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T398","span":{"begin":100,"end":107},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T399","span":{"begin":120,"end":131},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T400","span":{"begin":166,"end":169},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T403","span":{"begin":170,"end":179},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T404","span":{"begin":243,"end":248},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T405","span":{"begin":293,"end":300},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T406","span":{"begin":324,"end":327},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T407","span":{"begin":332,"end":344},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T408","span":{"begin":380,"end":383},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T409","span":{"begin":393,"end":404},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T410","span":{"begin":437,"end":444},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T411","span":{"begin":475,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T412","span":{"begin":581,"end":590},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T413","span":{"begin":602,"end":613},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T414","span":{"begin":626,"end":629},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T417","span":{"begin":630,"end":638},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T418","span":{"begin":664,"end":673},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T419","span":{"begin":724,"end":734},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T420","span":{"begin":784,"end":791},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T421","span":{"begin":809,"end":812},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T424","span":{"begin":828,"end":839},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T425","span":{"begin":935,"end":942},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T426","span":{"begin":960,"end":963},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T427","span":{"begin":1086,"end":1089},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T428","span":{"begin":1094,"end":1097},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A396","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T396","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A397","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T397","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A398","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T398","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A399","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T399","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A400","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T400","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18216"},{"id":"A401","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T400","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61048"},{"id":"A402","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T400","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73110"},{"id":"A403","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T403","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367"},{"id":"A404","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T404","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18059"},{"id":"A405","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T405","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A406","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T406","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A407","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T407","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A408","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T408","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A409","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T409","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A410","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T410","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A411","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T411","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A412","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T412","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367"},{"id":"A413","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T413","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A414","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T414","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18216"},{"id":"A415","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T414","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61048"},{"id":"A416","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T414","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73110"},{"id":"A417","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T417","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367"},{"id":"A418","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T418","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_25367"},{"id":"A419","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T419","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16646"},{"id":"A420","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T420","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A421","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T421","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18216"},{"id":"A422","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T421","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_61048"},{"id":"A423","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T421","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73110"},{"id":"A424","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T424","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_28892"},{"id":"A425","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T425","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A426","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T426","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A427","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T427","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_2955"},{"id":"A428","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T428","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18216"},{"id":"A429","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T428","obj":"http://purl.obolib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8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GlycoEpitope","denotations":[{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":166,"end":169},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":626,"end":629},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":809,"end":812},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":1094,"end":1097},"obj":"GlycoEpitope"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A24","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T24","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0050"},{"id":"A25","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T25","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0050"},{"id":"A26","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T26","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0050"},{"id":"A27","pred":"glyco_epitope_db_id","subj":"T27","obj":"http://www.glycoepitope.jp/epitopes/EP0050"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":0,"end":308},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":309,"end":452},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":453,"end":620},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":621,"end":813},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":814,"end":964},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":965,"end":1042},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T167","span":{"begin":1043,"end":1163},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"567","span":{"begin":929,"end":934},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"568","span":{"begin":778,"end":783},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"569","span":{"begin":561,"end":566},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"570","span":{"begin":431,"end":436},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"571","span":{"begin":287,"end":292},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"572","span":{"begin":94,"end":99},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"573","span":{"begin":83,"end":93},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"574","span":{"begin":276,"end":286},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"575","span":{"begin":420,"end":430},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"576","span":{"begin":767,"end":777},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"577","span":{"begin":918,"end":928},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"578","span":{"begin":7,"end":13},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"579","span":{"begin":120,"end":131},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"580","span":{"begin":166,"end":169},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"581","span":{"begin":243,"end":248},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"582","span":{"begin":332,"end":344},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"583","span":{"begin":393,"end":404},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"584","span":{"begin":453,"end":459},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"585","span":{"begin":475,"end":487},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"586","span":{"begin":574,"end":580},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"587","span":{"begin":602,"end":613},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"588","span":{"begin":626,"end":629},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"589","span":{"begin":657,"end":663},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"590","span":{"begin":809,"end":812},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"591","span":{"begin":828,"end":839},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"592","span":{"begin":1005,"end":1010},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"593","span":{"begin":1026,"end":1031},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"594","span":{"begin":1053,"end":1058},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"595","span":{"begin":1094,"end":1097},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A567","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"567","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A568","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"568","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A569","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"569","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A570","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"570","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A571","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"571","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A572","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"572","obj":"Gene:43740568"},{"id":"A573","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"573","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A574","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"574","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A575","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"575","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A576","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"576","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A577","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"577","obj":"Tax:2697049"},{"id":"A579","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"579","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A580","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"580","obj":"MESH:D005677"},{"id":"A581","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"581","obj":"MESH:D008055"},{"id":"A582","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"582","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A583","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"583","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A585","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"585","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A587","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"587","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A588","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"588","obj":"MESH:D005677"},{"id":"A590","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"590","obj":"MESH:D005677"},{"id":"A591","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"591","obj":"MESH:D005732"},{"id":"A594","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"594","obj":"MESH:C022084"},{"id":"A595","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"595","obj":"MESH:D005677"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Fig. 8 CLQ-OH/ATM combination therapy at the molecular level. (a) ATM bound to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. (b) Ganglioside dimer (two symmetrically arranged GM1 molecules in a typical chalice-like shape, just like the one observed in lipid raft simulations) bound to SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. Note that both ATM and gangliosides share the same binding region. (c) ATM prevents ganglioside binding to the SARS-CoV-2 spike protein trimer. CLQ-OH, once bound to gangliosides (blue and orange surfaces), also prevents any interaction with the viral spike. (d) 4 CLQ-OH molecules bound to a ganglioside dimer. Each GM1 molecule is blocked by two CLQ-OH molecules (blue and orange surfaces), which wrap around the saccharide part. (e) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to GM1. Note that the ganglioside interacts with Q-134 and F-135, but not with D-138. (f) Detail of the 134-138 SARS-CoV-2 spike protein stretch bound to ATM. In this case, the binding site includes D-138 in addition to Q-134 and F-135. Note that N-137, which interacts with both ATM and GM1, is not visible in these representations as it is located behind."}