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PMC:3312845 / 3929-5911 JSONTXT 24 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1156 0-270 Sentence denotes Recently, reports have also emphasized that seizure or epilepsy is a prolonged inflammatory condition, and that seizure activity rapidly increases the synthesis and release of various interleukins in rodent brain areas involved in seizure onset and their generalization.
T35 0-270 Sentence denotes Recently, reports have also emphasized that seizure or epilepsy is a prolonged inflammatory condition, and that seizure activity rapidly increases the synthesis and release of various interleukins in rodent brain areas involved in seizure onset and their generalization.
T1157 271-426 Sentence denotes Cytokines act on endothelial cells and change the permeability of the BBB, which exerts significant effects on neuronal viability and excitability [14,15].
T36 271-426 Sentence denotes Cytokines act on endothelial cells and change the permeability of the BBB, which exerts significant effects on neuronal viability and excitability [14,15].
T1158 427-563 Sentence denotes Indeed, Sztriha [16] reported that dexamethasone pretreatment reduces vasogenic edema in thalamus following kainic acid-induced seizure.
T37 427-563 Sentence denotes Indeed, Sztriha [16] reported that dexamethasone pretreatment reduces vasogenic edema in thalamus following kainic acid-induced seizure.
T1159 564-715 Sentence denotes Among cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a 17 kDa protein that is produced mainly by activated macrophages and T cells in the immune system.
T38 564-715 Sentence denotes Among cytokines, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) is a 17 kDa protein that is produced mainly by activated macrophages and T cells in the immune system.
T1160 716-894 Sentence denotes TNF-α is expressed at low levels in normal brain and is rapidly upregulated in glia, neurons and endothelial cells in various pathophysiological conditions, including SE [17,18].
T39 716-894 Sentence denotes TNF-α is expressed at low levels in normal brain and is rapidly upregulated in glia, neurons and endothelial cells in various pathophysiological conditions, including SE [17,18].
T1161 895-1153 Sentence denotes TNF-α shows various effects on brain function depending on its local tissue concentration, the type of target cells, and especially the specific receptor subtype: TNF receptor I, or p55 receptor (TNFp55R); and TNF receptor II, or p75 receptor (TNFp75R) [19].
T40 895-1153 Sentence denotes TNF-α shows various effects on brain function depending on its local tissue concentration, the type of target cells, and especially the specific receptor subtype: TNF receptor I, or p55 receptor (TNFp55R); and TNF receptor II, or p75 receptor (TNFp75R) [19].
T1162 1154-1301 Sentence denotes Furthermore, TNF-α induces macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) that recruits neutrophils under pathological conditions, including SE [14,20].
T41 1154-1301 Sentence denotes Furthermore, TNF-α induces macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) that recruits neutrophils under pathological conditions, including SE [14,20].
T1163 1302-1466 Sentence denotes Neurons, microglia, and astrocytes produce MIP-2 when incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and/or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or after injury [21-23].
T42 1302-1466 Sentence denotes Neurons, microglia, and astrocytes produce MIP-2 when incubated with pro-inflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and/or interleukin-1β (IL-1β) or after injury [21-23].
T1164 1467-1623 Sentence denotes Indeed, we have recently reported that SE-mediated MIP-2 expression is relevant to leukocyte infiltrations following SE in an IL-1β-independent manner [20].
T43 1467-1623 Sentence denotes Indeed, we have recently reported that SE-mediated MIP-2 expression is relevant to leukocyte infiltrations following SE in an IL-1β-independent manner [20].
T1165 1624-1813 Sentence denotes However, the relationship between the TNF-α system and BBB disruption/neutrophil infiltration during vasogenic edema formation induced by epileptogenic insults has not been fully clarified.
T44 1624-1813 Sentence denotes However, the relationship between the TNF-α system and BBB disruption/neutrophil infiltration during vasogenic edema formation induced by epileptogenic insults has not been fully clarified.
T1166 1814-1982 Sentence denotes Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the roles of TNF-α in vasogenic edema and its related events in rat epilepsy models provoked by pilocarpine-induced SE.
T45 1814-1982 Sentence denotes Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the roles of TNF-α in vasogenic edema and its related events in rat epilepsy models provoked by pilocarpine-induced SE.