Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T365 |
0-128 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Crystal structure analysis indicated that the SARS-CoV-2 RBD to which hACE2 binds is almost identical to the SARS-CoV RBD [235]. |
T366 |
129-333 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Later, hACE2 amino acids at or near the RBD/ACE2 interface (Figure 4b) that could affect RBD/ACE2 binding were used for screening the capability of ACE2 of various animals used by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2. |
T367 |
334-811 |
Sentence |
denotes |
ACE2 of possible SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 intermediate hosts, masked palm civet and Malayan pangolin, respectively, and ACE2 of many mammals including cats, dogs, cows, buffalos, goats and sheep, but not rats (Rattus norvegicus), were predicted to be potentially recognized by SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 [239,240], supporting the finding that rat ACE2 has less efficiency for binding to the SARS-CoV S1 domain and is less susceptible to SARS-CoV S protein-mediated infection [241]. |
T368 |
812-964 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, young female Fischer 344 (F344) rats of 4 weeks of age were shown to be susceptible to infection with SARS-CoV by intranasal inoculation [242]. |
T369 |
965-1093 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Western blot analysis showed that ACE2 expression in Sprague Dawley rats decreased with aging without a gender difference [243]. |
T370 |
1094-1292 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, it remains unknown whether there is a difference in ACE2 sequence depending on the age of rats and whether there are differences in ACE2 expression and sequence depending on the rat strain. |
T371 |
1293-1446 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Based on ACE2 residues 31, 35, 38, 82 and 353, Chinese horseshoe bats, which are thought to be a natural reservoir, can be divided into two groups [240]. |
T372 |
1447-1613 |
Sentence |
denotes |
First, bat ACE2 of SARSr-CoV–RT-PCR-positive R. ferrumequinum (bat Rf) [220] was predicted not to have the ability to bind to either SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV S protein. |
T373 |
1614-1833 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Second, bat ACE2 of SARSr-CoV–seropositive and –RT-PCR-positive R. pearsonii, R. macrotis [220], and SARSr-CoV–RT-PCR-positive R. sinicus [95] was predicted to be able to bind to both SARS-CoV-2 and SARS-CoV S proteins. |
T374 |
1834-1978 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Based on residues 20, 31, 41, 68, 83, 353, 355, 357 and 383, R. sinicus ACE2 was confirmed to have the potential to be used by SARS-CoV-2 [239]. |
T375 |
1979-2294 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These findings indicate the possibility of cross-species transmission of the virus from humans to animals carrying similar host receptor sequences, although other host factors, such as target organ temperature and cellular proteins interacting with the virus, may be involved in host range restriction of the virus. |
T376 |
2295-2387 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, surveillance of transmission both back and forth between humans and animals is needed. |
T377 |
2388-2498 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The susceptible host range of HCoV-NL63, which causes mild respiratory disease [244], has not been determined. |
T378 |
2499-2676 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, the host range of HCoV-NL63 might be similar to that of SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2, and thus a mixed infection of these different viruses to the same host cells may occur. |