Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T109 |
0-13 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Lung Findings |
T110 |
15-36 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Macroscopic Findings. |
T111 |
37-171 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Lungs from all patients were increased in volume, firm, edematous, and congested with diffuse pleural thickening and pleural effusion. |
T112 |
172-314 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cut surface showed consolidation of lobes and red congested areas, with thickening of the interstitial septa and pulmonary edema (Figure 1A1). |
T113 |
315-367 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Subsegmental pulmonary embolism was seen in 5 cases. |
T114 |
368-377 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Figure 1. |
T115 |
379-409 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Pathological findings in lung. |
T116 |
410-489 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A1, Lungs showed an increase in volume and were firmer and heavier than normal. |
T117 |
490-682 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A2 and A3, Light microscopic analysis shows parenchymal multifocal damage with intraalveolar inflammation, fibrin, and hyaline membranes consistent with a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar damage. |
T118 |
683-768 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Both acute exudative inflammatory process and fibrous proliferative phase were found. |
T119 |
769-912 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A3 and A4, Hyperplasia of type II pneumocyte, characterized by amphophilic cytoplasm, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, are shown (arrows). |
T120 |
913-940 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B1, Alveolar duct fibrosis. |
T121 |
941-975 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B2, Fibrin thrombi in capillaries. |
T122 |
976-1043 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B3, Vascular injury including vessel vasculitis and vascular edema. |
T123 |
1044-1065 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B4, Pleural fibrosis. |
T124 |
1066-1108 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Abbreviation: H&E, haematoxylin and eosin. |
T125 |
1109-1155 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Scale bars: A2, 14 µm; A3–B3, 7 µm; B4, 21 µm. |
T126 |
1157-1178 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Microscopic Findings. |
T127 |
1179-1241 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A range of common lung findings were seen on light microscopy. |
T128 |
1242-1455 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Parenchymal multifocal damage with intraalveolar exudative and proliferative inflammation (Figure 1A2), with fibrin, hyaline membranes (Figure 1A3) consistent with a diagnosis of diffuse alveolar damage (Table 3). |
T129 |
1456-1661 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Organizing pneumonia with fibrosis and type II pneumocyte hyperplasia, amphophilic cytoplasm, large nuclei, and prominent nucleoli, were indicative of cytopathic virus-induced changes (Figure 1A3 and 1A4). |
T130 |
1662-1806 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Fibroblastic foci consisting of loose organizing connective tissue reflective of alveolar duct fibrosis were seen (fibrotic phase) (Figure 1B1). |
T131 |
1807-1934 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Other findings included: pleural fibrosis (Figure 1B4), vascular injury with thrombi (Figure 1B2), and vasculitis (Figure 1B3). |
T132 |
1935-2243 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A main feature was the presence of numerous inflammatory cells consisting of granulocytes (CD15+) (Supplementary Figure 1A1 and 1A2), macrophages (CD68+) (Supplementary Figure 1A3 and 1A4), and T lymphocytes (CD3+) infiltrating into alveolar septa and clustering around capillary vessels (Supplementary 1B1). |
T133 |
2244-2356 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunohistochemistry showed the presence of both CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes (Supplementary Figure 1B2 and 1B3). |
T134 |
2357-2441 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Of note, lymphocytes were CD20− indicating an absence of infiltrating B lymphocytes. |
T135 |
2442-2592 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thrombi were present and immunohistochemistry showed the presence of platelet aggregates and megakaryocytes within thrombi (Supplementary Figure 1B4). |
T136 |
2593-2601 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 3. |
T137 |
2603-2626 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Histopathology Findings |
T138 |
2627-2688 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Findings Group 1, No. (%) (n = 18) Group 2, No. (%) (n = 4) |
T139 |
2689-2693 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Lung |
T140 |
2694-2732 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Hyaline membranes 8 (44.4) 2 (50.0) |
T141 |
2733-2787 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Hyperplasia of type II pneumocyte 11 (61.2) 4 (100) |
T142 |
2788-2821 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Alveolar plug 8 (44.4) 4 (100) |
T143 |
2822-2866 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Alveolar fibrin deposit 9 (50.0) 3 (75.0) |
T144 |
2867-2899 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Hemorrhage 10 (55.6) 2 (50.0) |
T145 |
2900-2939 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammatory cells 13 (72.3) 4 (100) |
T146 |
2940-3001 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Diffuse alveolar damage, fibrotic phase 12 (66.7) 1 (25.0) |
T147 |
3002-3036 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Microthrombi 14 (77.8) 2 (50.0) |
T148 |
3037-3067 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Vasculitis 8 (44.4) 4 (100) |
T149 |
3068-3115 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Multinucleated giant cells 4 (22.3) 2 (50.0) |
T150 |
3116-3123 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cardiac |
T151 |
3124-3156 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Myocarditis 9 (50.0) 3 (75.0) |
T152 |
3157-3188 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Vasculitis 5 (27.8) 3 (75.0) |
T153 |
3189-3234 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammatory infiltrate 13 (72.3) 3 (75.0) |
T154 |
3235-3270 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Focal necrosis 6 (33.4) 2 (50.0) |
T155 |
3271-3303 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Pericarditis 9 (50.0) 4 (100) |
T156 |
3304-3342 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Vascular fibrosis 4 (22.3) 2 (50.0) |
T157 |
3343-3350 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Hepatic |
T158 |
3351-3395 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammatory infiltrate 8 (44.4) 3 (75.0) |
T159 |
3396-3427 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Congestion 8 (44.4) 2 (50.0) |
T160 |
3428-3458 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Steatosis 9 (50.0) 3 (75.0) |
T161 |
3459-3464 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Renal |
T162 |
3465-3509 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inflammatory infiltrate 9 (50.0) 3 (75.0) |
T163 |
3510-3549 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Glomerulosclerosis 9 (50.0) 3 (75.0) |
T164 |
3550-3591 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interstitial fibrosis 9 (50.0) 4 (100) |
T165 |
3592-3599 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Splenic |
T166 |
3600-3639 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Congested red pulp 15 (83.4) 4 (100) |
T167 |
3640-3680 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Lymphoid hypoplasia 11 (61.2) 4 (100) |
T168 |
3681-3692 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Bone marrow |
T169 |
3693-3733 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Megakaryocytes hyperplasia 0 2 (50.0) |
T170 |
3734-3765 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Adipocytes 7 (38.9) 1 (25.0) |
T171 |
3767-3797 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunohistochemistry Findings. |
T172 |
3798-3982 |
Sentence |
denotes |
T-cell activation is modulated by dipeptidyl peptidase-4 (DPP4) [16] and thus the expression of CD26/DPP4 and CXCR3/CD183 was analyzed on lung tissues from group 2 patients (Figure 2). |
T173 |
3983-4121 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Numerous CD26+ cells were found in the alveolar septa (Figure 2A1–2A3) with intense staining seen in the type II pneumocytes (Figure 2A3). |
T174 |
4122-4219 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Positive cells entrapped with fibrin clots in the vascular lumen were also observed (Figure 2A4). |
T175 |
4220-4411 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CXCR3 immunostaining showed lymphocytes localized in inflammatory perivascular aggregates (Figure 2B1, 2B2, and 2B4) which spread into alveolar septa and alveolar spaces (Figure 2B2 and 2B3). |
T176 |
4412-4421 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Figure 2. |
T177 |
4423-4474 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Immunohistological characterization of lung tissue. |
T178 |
4475-4536 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A1–A4, CD26/dipeptidyl peptidase-4 expression in lung tissue. |
T179 |
4537-4607 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Numerous strongly positive CD26+ cells are seen in the alveolar septa. |
T180 |
4608-4673 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A3, Intense staining is seen in the type II pneumocytes (arrows). |
T181 |
4674-4751 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A4, Positive cells are also seen entrapped with fibrin in the vascular lumen. |
T182 |
4752-4929 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B1–B4, CXCR3/CD183 immunostaining shows intense staining of lymphocytes localized in the inflammatory perivascular aggregates and spread into alveolar septa and alveolar spaces. |
T183 |
4930-5005 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Scale bars: A1 and B1, 100 µm; A2, A3, and B4, 7 µm; A4, B2, and B3, 14 µm. |
T184 |
5007-5037 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Electron Microscopic Findings. |
T185 |
5038-5192 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV-2 particles were detected within type II pneumocytes, which showed degenerating features characterized by fine and uniformly dispersed chromatin. |
T186 |
5193-5303 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These pneumocytes displayed swollen mitochondrial profiles and dilated rough endoplasmic reticulum (Figure 3). |
T187 |
5304-5417 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Numerous virus-containing compartments (VCC) of different sizes and shapes were detected (Figure 3A, 3B, and 3D). |
T188 |
5418-5537 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, spherules, very small vesicles containing single viral particles (Figure 3B and 3C), were also observed. |
T189 |
5538-5547 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Figure 3. |
T190 |
5549-5621 |
Sentence |
denotes |
SARS-CoV-2 detection in lung tissue by transmission electron microscopy. |
T191 |
5622-5723 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A, SARS-CoV-2 particles are visible in virus-containing compartments in type II pneumocytes (arrows). |
T192 |
5724-5803 |
Sentence |
denotes |
B–D, Numerous viral particles are enclosed in single-membrane vacuoles (arrow). |
T193 |
5804-5875 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Other, very small vesicles contain single viral particles (arrowheads). |
T194 |
5876-5908 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Scale bars: A, 1 µm; B–D, 200nm. |