LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7435837 / 2541-6183 JSONTXT 10 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T23 0-2 Sentence denotes 2.
T24 3-51 Sentence denotes The Cell Entry Mechanism of Encapsulated Viruses
T25 52-163 Sentence denotes Encapsulated viruses such as the SARS-CoV and SARS-CoV-2 viruses comprise of some general surface constituents.
T26 164-371 Sentence denotes The surface envelope or capsule is presented as a lipid bilayer membrane that contains various envelope proteins (E), membrane proteins (M), and an outer layer that presents so-called spike (S) proteins [1].
T27 372-466 Sentence denotes M and S proteins are generally rich in sugar molecules that form a so-called glycan structure.
T28 467-617 Sentence denotes N- or O-glycosylate moieties are commonly found in the viral S proteins and they can recognize some cell receptors to which the virion can bind [2,3].
T29 618-679 Sentence denotes These spike proteins facilitate virion entry into host cells.
T30 680-783 Sentence denotes Encapsulated viruses such as the coronaviruses present approximately 200 of these spiky structures [4].
T31 784-936 Sentence denotes Spike proteins are comprised of glycoproteins, proteins that also contain polysaccharide or oligosaccharide moieties otherwise known as glycans [5,6,7].
T32 937-1133 Sentence denotes The glycoproteins have a variety of functions that maintain the virion structure and properties such as water solubility, creation of diffusion barriers, and antiadhesive actions among others [6].
T33 1134-1367 Sentence denotes In addition to the intrinsic functions that glycoproteins afford to the maintenance of the virion structure, they also act as a structure that recognizes glycan-binding proteins presented on the membranes of potential host cells [1].
T34 1368-1474 Sentence denotes The viral glycans may be recognized by bacterial, fungal, and parasite-associated glycan-binding proteins.
T35 1475-1549 Sentence denotes However, viruses are also recognized by host cells via the same mechanism.
T36 1550-1706 Sentence denotes It is this form of intercellular recognition interactions that prove vital to effect the virus entry into host cells in which the virus could replicate [7].
T37 1707-1827 Sentence denotes A detailed description of the spike glycoproteins of SARS-CoV-2 reported that two binding subunits can be distinguished.
T38 1828-1937 Sentence denotes These subunits become active when the two units are cleaved by host cell proteases on the host cell membrane.
T39 1938-2083 Sentence denotes Subunit, S1 is responsible for binding to the host cell membrane and subunit, S2 is responsible for fusion of the virion and host cell membranes.
T40 2084-2178 Sentence denotes The S1 unit is the factor that makes various coronaviruses specific toward a certain host [8].
T41 2179-2430 Sentence denotes Pulmonary angiotensin-converting-enzyme 2 (ACE-2) in humans exhibit the appropriate receptor, a specific sequence of amino acid residues [9], towards S1 and partly explains the effective spread of the coronaviruses via droplets in the atmosphere [10].
T42 2431-2662 Sentence denotes As part of the human host immune responses, the glycans of the coronavirus spike protein subunits are recognized by dendritic cells [11] in the blood which binds to the glycan and subsequently expresses CD4+ and CD8+ glycopeptides.
T43 2663-2766 Sentence denotes These glycopeptides label the spike protein and this labeled protein is then presented to T-cells [12].
T44 2767-2869 Sentence denotes T-cells subsequently recognize the labels, phagocytose these antigen-marked viruses, and degrade them.
T45 2870-3045 Sentence denotes It has been found that the glycan-binding proteins, also known as lectins [5], can impart broad-spectrum binding properties against HIV-1, SARS-CoV, and human cytomegalovirus.
T46 3046-3184 Sentence denotes The lectin which is capable of showing broad interaction via oligomannosyl antigens is known as lectin GNA (Galanthus nivalis agglutinin).
T47 3185-3314 Sentence denotes The N-oligomannosyl cores are embedded in N-glycans which are commonly expressed on the surface of numerous viral pathogens [13].
T48 3315-3481 Sentence denotes Once the lectin binds to the glycan, the virus structure may undergo conformational changes that result in the fusion of the virus and host to facilitate virus entry.
T49 3482-3564 Sentence denotes S-proteins are specifically responsible for host cell entry by coronaviruses [14].
T50 3565-3642 Sentence denotes Figure 1 depicts a simplified entry mechanism of the viruses into host cells.