PMC:7435837 / 22480-25793 JSONTXT 10 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T171 0-4 Sentence denotes 6.1.
T172 5-24 Sentence denotes Water Sterilization
T173 25-108 Sentence denotes All humans need to drink water and have access to water to ensure personal hygiene.
T174 109-238 Sentence denotes In the context of the recommendation to wash hands frequently to remove coronavirus and other pathogens, humans need clean water.
T175 239-294 Sentence denotes However, water can easily be contaminated with viruses.
T176 295-464 Sentence denotes It was proven that representative coronaviruses, mouse hepatitis virus, and transmissible gastrointestinal virus survived for weeks, even in pasteurized, settled sewage.
T177 465-571 Sentence denotes This suggested that sewage and contaminated water sources posed a risk for coronavirus transmission [118].
T178 572-748 Sentence denotes Currently, numerous research groups have started to establish if SARS-CoV-2 is present in sewage water and traces of the virus have been found in numerous sewage sources [119].
T179 749-960 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-2 was also recently detected in the stool of an asymptomatic child [120] and remains in the gastrointestinal tract of pediatric patients for a prolonged period even after clearance from the lungs [121].
T180 961-1181 Sentence denotes It is suggested that the fecal-oral route of transmission should not be excluded as a route of virus transmission [122], however, it is still being investigated if SARS-CoV-2 will spread through contaminated water [123].
T181 1182-1273 Sentence denotes An indirect form of LbL coating was effected by the manufacturing of lignin core particles.
T182 1274-1345 Sentence denotes These lignin cores were coated with prepared cationic lignin particles.
T183 1346-1492 Sentence denotes Negatively charged cowpea chlorotic mottle viruses and the cationic lignin particles were highly effective in removing the viruses from the water.
T184 1493-1570 Sentence denotes It is suggested to develop this material into water filtration devices [124].
T185 1571-1677 Sentence denotes A microfiltration membrane was developed to filter water and reduce viral counts of a model bacteriophage.
T186 1678-1861 Sentence denotes The LbL coating of the filters was performed with the synthetic polycation, poly(ethylene imine) which was covalently immobilized onto the poly(ether sulfone) water membrane material.
T187 1862-2035 Sentence denotes Silver and copper nanoparticles were also coated in the LbL layers, and although an effective antiviral performance was seen, leached markedly into the filtered water [125].
T188 2036-2140 Sentence denotes In a proof-of-concept study, silicon wafers were LbL-coated with synthetic polyelectrolytes in bilayers.
T189 2141-2238 Sentence denotes Antibacterial effects were apparent and also antiviral activity against the H1N1 influenza virus.
T190 2239-2441 Sentence denotes Although the coated material proved to be 100% bactericidal against waterborne bacteria, it demonstrated 60% virucidal activity against an H1N1 droplet after coating three layers of the polyelectrolyte.
T191 2442-2540 Sentence denotes However, as the coating was increased to 7.5 bilayers, 100% virucidal activity was observed [126].
T192 2541-2663 Sentence denotes LbL coating of nanofiltration membranes with gallic acid and PEI could effectively adsorb selected antibiotics from water.
T193 2664-2767 Sentence denotes Although not directly related, an antiviral effect can be envisioned by this kind of LbL coating [127].
T194 2768-2934 Sentence denotes The successful disinfection of aqueous poliovirus and rotavirus solution was achieved by coating glass slides with synthetic poly(ethylene imine), PEI, cations [128].
T195 2935-3131 Sentence denotes Numerous other examples of LbL coatings on surfaces were also shown to be antimicrobial against many waterborne organisms, yet antiviral effects were not reviewed or were simply mentioned briefly.
T196 3132-3313 Sentence denotes It is, however, apparent that the same intermolecular forces that lead to interaction between surfaces and viruses occur between surfaces and other microorganisms [129,130,131,132].