LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7386785 / 17657-23473 JSONTXT 10 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T220 0-10 Sentence denotes Background
T221 11-159 Sentence denotes The severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS‐CoV‐2) and resulting COVID‐19 pandemic present important diagnostic evaluation challenges.
T222 160-515 Sentence denotes These range from, on the one hand, understanding the value of signs and symptoms in predicting possible infection, assessing whether existing biochemical and imaging tests can identify infection and recognise patients needing critical care, and on the other hand, evaluating whether new diagnostic tests can allow accurate rapid and point‐of‐care testing.
T223 516-695 Sentence denotes Also, the diagnostic aims are diverse, including identifying current infection, ruling out infection, identifying people in need of care escalation, or testing for past infection.
T224 696-923 Sentence denotes This review is part of a cluster of reviews on the diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease, and deals solely with the diagnostic accuracy of presenting clinical signs and symptoms for diagnosing COVID‐19 disease.
T225 925-957 Sentence denotes Target condition being diagnosed
T226 958-1028 Sentence denotes COVID‐19 is the disease caused by infection with the SARS‐CoV‐2 virus.
T227 1029-1265 Sentence denotes SARS‐CoV‐2 infection is diagnosed with reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT‐PCR), which is a test that detects the virus' genetic material, with imaging to identify lung abnormalities and with clinical signs and symptoms.
T228 1266-1614 Sentence denotes SARS‐CoV‐2 infection can be asymptomatic (no symptoms); mild or moderate; severe (causing breathlessness and increased respiratory rate indicative of pneumonia and oxygen need); or critical (requiring intensive support due to severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) or acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), shock or other organ dysfunction).
T229 1615-1819 Sentence denotes People with COVID‐19 pneumonia (severe or critical disease), require different patient management, which makes it important to distinguish between mild or moderate COVID‐19 disease and COVID‐19 pneumonia.
T230 1820-2005 Sentence denotes In this review, we will examine the diagnostic value of signs and symptoms for symptomatic SARS‐CoV‐2 infection, which includes mild or moderate COVID‐19 disease and COVID‐19 pneumonia.
T231 2006-2126 Sentence denotes In planning review updates, we will consider the potential addition of another grouping, which is a subset of the above:
T232 2127-2231 Sentence denotes whether tests exist that identify people requiring respiratory support (SARS or ARDS) or intensive care.
T233 2233-2246 Sentence denotes Index test(s)
T234 2248-2266 Sentence denotes Signs and symptoms
T235 2267-2398 Sentence denotes Signs and symptoms are used in the initial diagnosis of suspected COVID‐19 disease, and to identify people with COVID‐19 pneumonia.
T236 2399-2473 Sentence denotes Symptoms are what is experienced by patients, for example cough or nausea.
T237 2474-2599 Sentence denotes Signs are what can be evaluated by clinical assessment, for example lung auscultation findings, blood pressure or heart rate.
T238 2600-2963 Sentence denotes Key symptoms that have been associated with mild to moderate COVID‐19 disease include: troublesome dry cough (for example, coughing more than usual over a one‐hour period, or three or more coughing episodes in 24 hours), fever greater than 37.8 °C, diarrhoea, headache, breathlessness on light exertion, muscle pain, fatigue, and loss of sense of smell and taste.
T239 2964-3124 Sentence denotes Red flags indicating possible pneumonia include breathlessness at rest, loss of appetite, confusion, pain or pressure in the chest, and temperature above 38 °C.
T240 3126-3142 Sentence denotes Clinical pathway
T241 3143-3324 Sentence denotes Important in the context of COVID‐19 is that the pathway is multifaceted because it is designed to care for the diseased individual and to protect the community from further spread.
T242 3325-3481 Sentence denotes Decisions about patient and isolation pathways for COVID‐19 vary according to health services and settings, available resources, and stages of the epidemic.
T243 3482-3571 Sentence denotes They will change over time, if and when effective treatments and vaccines are identified.
T244 3572-3761 Sentence denotes The decision points between these pathways vary, but all include points at which knowledge of the accuracy of diagnostic information is needed to be able to inform rational decision making.
T245 3763-3776 Sentence denotes Prior test(s)
T246 3777-3934 Sentence denotes In this review on signs and symptoms, no prior tests are required because signs and symptoms are used in the initial diagnosis of suspected COVID‐19 disease.
T247 3935-4035 Sentence denotes Patients can, however, self‐assess before presenting to healthcare services based on their symptoms.
T248 4036-4220 Sentence denotes This is in contrast to contact tracing, in which patients or participants are tested based on a documented contact with a SARS‐CoV‐2‐positive person and may themselves be asymptomatic.
T249 4222-4243 Sentence denotes Role of index test(s)
T250 4244-4443 Sentence denotes Signs and symptoms are used as triage tests, that is, to rule out COVID‐19 disease, but also to identify patients with possible COVID‐19 who may require further testing, care escalation or isolation.
T251 4445-4464 Sentence denotes Alternative test(s)
T252 4465-4591 Sentence denotes Chest X‐ray, ultrasound, and computed tomography (CT) are widely used diagnostic imaging tests to diagnose COVID‐19 pneumonia.
T253 4592-4639 Sentence denotes Availability and usage varies between settings.
T254 4640-4697 Sentence denotes We address these radiological tests in a separate review.
T255 4699-4708 Sentence denotes Rationale
T256 4709-4921 Sentence denotes It is essential to understand the accuracy of diagnostic tests including signs and symptoms to identify the best way they can be used in different settings to develop effective diagnostic and management pathways.
T257 4922-5211 Sentence denotes We are producing a suite of Cochrane 'living systematic reviews', which will summarise evidence on the clinical accuracy of different tests and diagnostic features, grouped according to present research questions and settings, in the diagnosis of SARS‐CoV‐2 infection and COVID‐19 disease.
T258 5212-5345 Sentence denotes Summary estimates of accuracy from these reviews will help inform diagnostic, screening, isolation, and patient management decisions.
T259 5346-5455 Sentence denotes New tests are being developed and evidence is emerging at an unprecedented rate during the COVID‐19 pandemic.
T260 5456-5593 Sentence denotes We will aim to update these reviews as often as is feasible to ensure that they provide the most up‐to‐date evidence about test accuracy.
T261 5594-5816 Sentence denotes These reviews are being produced rapidly to assist in providing a central resource of evidence to assist in the COVID‐19 pandemic, summarising available evidence on the accuracy of the tests and presenting characteristics.