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LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7104294 JSONTXT 21 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T1 0-61 Sentence denotes COVID-19 in Italy: momentous decisions and many uncertainties
T2 63-361 Sentence denotes On March 10, at 00:30 h, the official news was posted on the website of the Italian Ministry of Health: a new decree effective until at least April 3 limits the movement of individuals in the whole Italian national territory unless strictly motivated (in written form) by reasons of work or health.
T3 362-471 Sentence denotes Schools, museums, cinemas, theatres, and any other social, recreational, or cultural centre must stay closed.
T4 472-556 Sentence denotes Any gathering in public spaces is forbidden, including sporting events and funerals.
T5 557-585 Sentence denotes Most shops must stay closed.
T6 586-709 Sentence denotes Those selling essentials, such as supermarkets or pharmacies, need to ensure a distance of at least 1 m between customers.1
T7 710-903 Sentence denotes These measures are without precedent and aim to contain the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) epidemic in Italy after an increase in total deaths of nearly 100% in the 48 h before the decree.
T8 904-1084 Sentence denotes They follow a series of restrictions of increasing severity, starting on Feb 23, 2020, with the lockdown of the geographical area, Codogno, where the first COVID-19 cases occurred.
T9 1085-1639 Sentence denotes The number of positive cases, according to the most recent estimates as of March 16, 18:00 h, is 27 980, which is about 2·8 times higher than 1 week before (10 149 cases recorded on March 10).2, 3 Among these, 2339 (8·4%) are health workers, a proportion that has been increasing over time.2 With 2158 deaths, the estimated case fatality rate stands at 7·7%, which is about twice the rate reported in the first weeks of the epidemic.2, 3 Overall, 11 125 (39·8%) patients have been hospitalised and 1851 (6·6%) admitted to intensive care units (ICUs).2, 3
T10 1640-1706 Sentence denotes The economic and psychological impact of the epidemic is enormous.
T11 1707-1815 Sentence denotes Many sectors of the Italian economy, which is largely based on family-owned small businesses, are suffering.
T12 1816-1840 Sentence denotes The tension is palpable.
T13 1841-1975 Sentence denotes On March 9, riots broke out in prisons, leading to seven deaths and 18 hospitalisations in Modena and 50 escaped prisoners in Foggia.4
T14 1976-2149 Sentence denotes These difficult decisions on public health measures were taken without the support of official, real-time data being available for the public on key surveillance indicators.
T15 2150-2283 Sentence denotes Before March 5, when total deaths were 105, there was no description available of the characteristics of the deceased cases in Italy.
T16 2284-2821 Sentence denotes Later data, still not including all deaths, revealed only one death in a patient under the age of 50 years,5 and 85·5% of patients presenting with at least two pre-existing pathologies.6 While an open-access monitoring dashboard containing several essential indicators was created on March 8, no official Italian Government websites provide a full description of the characteristics (both age and comorbidities) of cases in the ICU, nor of those hospitalised, while unofficial and sometimes conflicting data are circulating in the media.
T17 2822-3054 Sentence denotes Of the multitude of people tested for COVID-19 in Italy, as well as in other countries, it is not clear how many were asymptomatic versus symptomatic, and it is not clear whether a homogeneous criterion for testing has been applied.
T18 3055-3250 Sentence denotes Data are lacking on the prevalence of the disease among asymptomatic populations, so the real prevalence of COVID-19, its spectrum of presentation, and the real mortality rate all remain unknown.
T19 3251-3567 Sentence denotes Moreover, reported case fatality rates across countries are very heterogeneous, with Germany reporting very few fatalities compared with other European countries with similar populations and health systems that reported notably higher case fatality rates, thus suggesting a lack of uniform case definitions (table ).
T20 3568-3621 Sentence denotes Table Reported deaths from COVID-19 on March 16, 2020
T21 3622-3673 Sentence denotes Confirmed cases Deaths Estimated case fatality rate
T22 3674-3696 Sentence denotes China 81 077 3218 4·0%
T23 3697-3719 Sentence denotes Italy 27 980 2158 7·7%
T24 3720-3740 Sentence denotes Iran 14 991 853 5·7%
T25 3741-3765 Sentence denotes South Korea 8236 75 0·9%
T26 3766-3785 Sentence denotes Spain 7753 288 5·7%
T27 3786-3806 Sentence denotes France 5380 127 2·4%
T28 3807-3827 Sentence denotes Germany 4838 12 0·2%
T29 3828-3852 Sentence denotes Switzerland 2200 13 0·6%
T30 3853-3869 Sentence denotes USA 1678 41 2·4%
T31 3870-3924 Sentence denotes Only countries with more than 1500 cases are included.
T32 3925-4007 Sentence denotes Data are from WHO,7 except for Italy, where Ministry of Health reports3 were used.
T33 4008-4042 Sentence denotes COVID-19=coronavirus disease 2019.
T34 4043-4132 Sentence denotes Clearly, better data are needed to support decision making and to build public awareness.
T35 4133-4622 Sentence denotes As priority actions, we call for (1) a uniform system to count deaths and estimate case fatality rates across different countries, (2) surveillance of key characteristics (eg, age, pre-existing pathologies) of both deceased patients and those admitted to the ICU to identify populations at risk and to estimate health service needs, and (3) more research to identify the prevalence and characteristics of the infection in the overall population and to better estimate COVID-19 death rates.
T36 4623-4754 Sentence denotes Strong collaboration is needed at different levels and across countries to optimise public availability of reliable real-time data.
T37 4756-4790 Sentence denotes We declare no competing interests.