Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
TextSentencer_T1 |
0-165 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Temporal profiles of viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples and serum antibody responses during infection by SARS-CoV-2: an observational cohort study. |
TextSentencer_T2 |
166-177 |
Sentence |
denotes |
BACKGROUND: |
TextSentencer_T3 |
178-263 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) causes severe community and nosocomial outbreaks. |
TextSentencer_T4 |
264-457 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Comprehensive data for serial respiratory viral load and serum antibody responses from patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) are not yet available. |
TextSentencer_T5 |
458-670 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Nasopharyngeal and throat swabs are usually obtained for serial viral load monitoring of respiratory infections but gathering these specimens can cause discomfort for patients and put health-care workers at risk. |
TextSentencer_T6 |
671-855 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We aimed to ascertain the serial respiratory viral load of SARS-CoV-2 in posterior oropharyngeal (deep throat) saliva samples from patients with COVID-19, and serum antibody responses. |
TextSentencer_T7 |
856-864 |
Sentence |
denotes |
METHODS: |
TextSentencer_T8 |
865-917 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We did a cohort study at two hospitals in Hong Kong. |
TextSentencer_T9 |
918-974 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We included patients with laboratory-confirmed COVID-19. |
TextSentencer_T10 |
975-1061 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We obtained samples of blood, urine, posterior oropharyngeal saliva, and rectal swabs. |
TextSentencer_T11 |
1062-1148 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Serial viral load was ascertained by reverse transcriptase quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR). |
TextSentencer_T12 |
1149-1296 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Antibody levels against the SARS-CoV-2 internal nucleoprotein (NP) and surface spike protein receptor binding domain (RBD) were measured using EIA. |
TextSentencer_T13 |
1297-1386 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Whole-genome sequencing was done to identify possible mutations arising during infection. |
TextSentencer_T14 |
1387-1396 |
Sentence |
denotes |
FINDINGS: |
TextSentencer_T15 |
1397-1539 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Between Jan 22, 2020, and Feb 12, 2020, 30 patients were screened for inclusion, of whom 23 were included (median age 62 years [range 37-75]). |
TextSentencer_T16 |
1540-1685 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The median viral load in posterior oropharyngeal saliva or other respiratory specimens at presentation was 5·2 log10 copies per mL (IQR 4·1-7·0). |
TextSentencer_T17 |
1686-1842 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Salivary viral load was highest during the first week after symptom onset and subsequently declined with time (slope -0·15, 95% CI -0·19 to -0·11; R2=0·71). |
TextSentencer_T18 |
1843-1910 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In one patient, viral RNA was detected 25 days after symptom onset. |
TextSentencer_T19 |
1911-2007 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Older age was correlated with higher viral load (Spearman's ρ=0·48, 95% CI 0·074-0·75; p=0·020). |
TextSentencer_T20 |
2008-2239 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For 16 patients with serum samples available 14 days or longer after symptom onset, rates of seropositivity were 94% for anti-NP IgG (n=15), 88% for anti-NP IgM (n=14), 100% for anti-RBD IgG (n=16), and 94% for anti-RBD IgM (n=15). |
TextSentencer_T21 |
2240-2345 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anti-SARS-CoV-2-NP or anti-SARS-CoV-2-RBD IgG levels correlated with virus neutralisation titre (R2>0·9). |
TextSentencer_T22 |
2346-2398 |
Sentence |
denotes |
No genome mutations were detected on serial samples. |
TextSentencer_T23 |
2399-2414 |
Sentence |
denotes |
INTERPRETATION: |
TextSentencer_T24 |
2415-2534 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Posterior oropharyngeal saliva samples are a non-invasive specimen more acceptable to patients and health-care workers. |
TextSentencer_T25 |
2535-2713 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Unlike severe acute respiratory syndrome, patients with COVID-19 had the highest viral load near presentation, which could account for the fast-spreading nature of this epidemic. |
TextSentencer_T26 |
2714-2877 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This finding emphasises the importance of stringent infection control and early use of potent antiviral agents, alone or in combination, for high-risk individuals. |
TextSentencer_T27 |
2878-2933 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Serological assay can complement RT-qPCR for diagnosis. |
TextSentencer_T28 |
2934-2942 |
Sentence |
denotes |
FUNDING: |
TextSentencer_T29 |
2943-3107 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Richard and Carol Yu, May Tam Mak Mei Yin, The Shaw Foundation Hong Kong, Michael Tong, Marina Lee, Government Consultancy Service, and Sanming Project of Medicine. |