PubMed:1520341 JSONTXT

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    jnlpba-st-training

    {"project":"jnlpba-st-training","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":36,"end":40},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":42,"end":52},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":58,"end":85},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":89,"end":108},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":123,"end":142},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":206,"end":227},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":262,"end":282},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":284,"end":288},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":314,"end":324},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":377,"end":401},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":403,"end":408},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":412,"end":417},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":442,"end":446},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":451,"end":461},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":521,"end":565},"obj":"DNA"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":609,"end":623},"obj":"RNA"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":695,"end":709},"obj":"RNA"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":769,"end":778},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":878,"end":882},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":887,"end":897},"obj":"protein"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":947,"end":961},"obj":"protein"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}

    genia-medco-coref

    {"project":"genia-medco-coref","denotations":[{"id":"C1","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C2","span":{"begin":36,"end":40},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C3","span":{"begin":42,"end":52},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C4","span":{"begin":58,"end":85},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C5","span":{"begin":89,"end":108},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C6","span":{"begin":123,"end":142},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C7","span":{"begin":176,"end":188},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C8","span":{"begin":190,"end":227},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C9","span":{"begin":258,"end":282},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C10","span":{"begin":284,"end":288},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C11","span":{"begin":314,"end":324},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C12","span":{"begin":373,"end":401},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C13","span":{"begin":403,"end":417},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C14","span":{"begin":442,"end":446},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C15","span":{"begin":451,"end":461},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C16","span":{"begin":521,"end":560},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C17","span":{"begin":593,"end":605},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C18","span":{"begin":609,"end":618},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C19","span":{"begin":647,"end":659},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C20","span":{"begin":695,"end":704},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C21","span":{"begin":769,"end":778},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C22","span":{"begin":826,"end":838},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C23","span":{"begin":878,"end":882},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C24","span":{"begin":887,"end":897},"obj":"NP"},{"id":"C25","span":{"begin":898,"end":900},"obj":"NP"}],"relations":[{"id":"R1","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C6","obj":"C5"},{"id":"R2","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C7","obj":"C1"},{"id":"R3","pred":"coref-appos","subj":"C8","obj":"C7"},{"id":"R4","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C9","obj":"C2"},{"id":"R5","pred":"coref-appos","subj":"C10","obj":"C9"},{"id":"R6","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C11","obj":"C3"},{"id":"R7","pred":"coref-appos","subj":"C13","obj":"C12"},{"id":"R8","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C14","obj":"C10"},{"id":"R9","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C15","obj":"C11"},{"id":"R10","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C16","obj":"C4"},{"id":"R11","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C17","obj":"C7"},{"id":"R12","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C18","obj":"C16"},{"id":"R13","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C19","obj":"C17"},{"id":"R14","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C20","obj":"C18"},{"id":"R15","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C21","obj":"C20"},{"id":"R16","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C22","obj":"C19"},{"id":"R17","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C23","obj":"C14"},{"id":"R18","pred":"coref-ident","subj":"C24","obj":"C15"},{"id":"R19","pred":"coref-pron","subj":"C25","obj":"C22"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}

    semrep-sample

    {"project":"semrep-sample","denotations":[{"id":"E1-ti-1","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"cui:C0069389"},{"id":"E2-ti-1","span":{"begin":18,"end":24},"obj":"cui:C0237399"},{"id":"E3-ti-1","span":{"begin":36,"end":40},"obj":"cui:C0002059"},{"id":"E4-ti-1","span":{"begin":42,"end":52},"obj":"cui:C0079904"},{"id":"E5-ti-1","span":{"begin":58,"end":85},"obj":"cui:C1448177"},{"id":"E6-ti-1","span":{"begin":89,"end":94},"obj":"cui:C0020114"},{"id":"E7-ti-1","span":{"begin":95,"end":108},"obj":"cui:C0004561"},{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":25,"end":32},"obj":"STIMULATES"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":89,"end":108},"obj":"PART_OF"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":86,"end":88},"obj":"LOCATION_OF"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":86,"end":88},"obj":"LOCATION_OF"},{"id":"E1-ab-1","span":{"begin":110,"end":119},"obj":"cui:C0087111"},{"id":"E2-ab-1","span":{"begin":123,"end":128},"obj":"cui:C0020114"},{"id":"E3-ab-1","span":{"begin":129,"end":142},"obj":"cui:C0004561"},{"id":"E4-ab-1","span":{"begin":176,"end":188},"obj":"cui:C0069389"},{"id":"E5-ab-1","span":{"begin":193,"end":202},"obj":"cui:C0243077"},{"id":"E6-ab-1","span":{"begin":206,"end":218},"obj":"cui:C0031678"},{"id":"E7-ab-1","span":{"begin":245,"end":254},"obj":"cui:C0857127"},{"id":"E8-ab-1","span":{"begin":262,"end":282},"obj":"cui:C0040648"},{"id":"E9-ab-1","span":{"begin":284,"end":288},"obj":"cui:C0002059"},{"id":"E10-ab-1","span":{"begin":295,"end":301},"obj":"cui:C0522501"},{"id":"E11-ab-1","span":{"begin":302,"end":310},"obj":"cui:C0442805"},{"id":"E12-ab-1","span":{"begin":314,"end":324},"obj":"cui:C0079904"},{"id":"E13-ab-1","span":{"begin":325,"end":331},"obj":"cui:C0441889"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":123,"end":142},"obj":"PART_OF"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":245,"end":254},"obj":"STIMULATES"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":302,"end":310},"obj":"STIMULATES"},{"id":"E1-ab-2","span":{"begin":349,"end":355},"obj":"cui:C1280500"},{"id":"E2-ab-2","span":{"begin":363,"end":369},"obj":"cui:C0441889"},{"id":"E3-ab-2","span":{"begin":385,"end":401},"obj":"cui:C0242210"},{"id":"E4-ab-2","span":{"begin":403,"end":408},"obj":"cui:C1442824"},{"id":"E5-ab-2","span":{"begin":412,"end":417},"obj":"cui:C1442823"},{"id":"E1-ab-3","span":{"begin":442,"end":446},"obj":"cui:C0002059"},{"id":"E2-ab-3","span":{"begin":451,"end":461},"obj":"cui:C0079904"},{"id":"E3-ab-3","span":{"begin":504,"end":513},"obj":"cui:C0857127"},{"id":"E4-ab-3","span":{"begin":543,"end":548},"obj":"cui:C0439095"},{"id":"E5-ab-3","span":{"begin":521,"end":565},"obj":"cui:C0812246"},{"id":"E6-ab-3","span":{"begin":582,"end":589},"obj":"cui:C1280500"},{"id":"E7-ab-3","span":{"begin":593,"end":605},"obj":"cui:C0069389"},{"id":"E8-ab-3","span":{"begin":609,"end":618},"obj":"cui:C1448177"},{"id":"E9-ab-3","span":{"begin":619,"end":623},"obj":"cui:C0035696"},{"id":"E10-ab-3","span":{"begin":624,"end":630},"obj":"cui:C0441889"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":504,"end":513},"obj":"STIMULATES"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":582,"end":589},"obj":"INTERACTS_WITH"},{"id":"E1-ab-4","span":{"begin":632,"end":641},"obj":"cui:C0087111"},{"id":"E2-ab-4","span":{"begin":647,"end":659},"obj":"cui:C0069389"},{"id":"E3-ab-4","span":{"begin":683,"end":691},"obj":"cui:C0442805"},{"id":"E4-ab-4","span":{"begin":695,"end":704},"obj":"cui:C1448177"},{"id":"E5-ab-4","span":{"begin":705,"end":709},"obj":"cui:C0035696"},{"id":"E6-ab-4","span":{"begin":710,"end":721},"obj":"cui:C1519595"},{"id":"E7-ab-4","span":{"begin":736,"end":747},"obj":"cui:C1292856"},{"id":"E8-ab-4","span":{"begin":752,"end":757},"obj":"cui:C0549177"},{"id":"E9-ab-4","span":{"begin":758,"end":765},"obj":"cui:C1265611"},{"id":"E10-ab-4","span":{"begin":769,"end":778},"obj":"cui:C1448177"},{"id":"E11-ab-4","span":{"begin":802,"end":815},"obj":"cui:C0010454"},{"id":"E1-ab-5","span":{"begin":826,"end":838},"obj":"cui:C0069389"},{"id":"E2-ab-5","span":{"begin":850,"end":856},"obj":"cui:C0237399"},{"id":"E3-ab-5","span":{"begin":878,"end":882},"obj":"cui:C0002059"},{"id":"E4-ab-5","span":{"begin":887,"end":897},"obj":"cui:C0079904"},{"id":"E5-ab-5","span":{"begin":905,"end":908},"obj":"cui:C1518422"},{"id":"E6-ab-5","span":{"begin":923,"end":943},"obj":"cui:C1155008"},{"id":"E7-ab-5","span":{"begin":947,"end":971},"obj":"cui:C1327439"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":909,"end":915},"obj":"CAUSES"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":909,"end":915},"obj":"CAUSES"}],"relations":[{"id":"R1","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E1-ti-1","obj":"T1"},{"id":"R2","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E3-ti-1","obj":"T1"},{"id":"R3","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E7-ti-1","obj":"T2"},{"id":"R4","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E6-ti-1","obj":"T2"},{"id":"R5","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E7-ti-1","obj":"T3"},{"id":"R6","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E5-ti-1","obj":"T3"},{"id":"R7","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E7-ti-1","obj":"T4"},{"id":"R8","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E4-ti-1","obj":"T4"},{"id":"R9","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E3-ab-1","obj":"T5"},{"id":"R10","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E2-ab-1","obj":"T5"},{"id":"R11","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E9-ab-1","obj":"T6"},{"id":"R12","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E8-ab-1","obj":"T6"},{"id":"R13","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E4-ab-1","obj":"T7"},{"id":"R14","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E12-ab-1","obj":"T7"},{"id":"R15","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E2-ab-3","obj":"T8"},{"id":"R16","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E5-ab-3","obj":"T8"},{"id":"R17","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E7-ab-3","obj":"T9"},{"id":"R18","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E8-ab-3","obj":"T9"},{"id":"R19","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E4-ab-5","obj":"T10"},{"id":"R20","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E6-ab-5","obj":"T10"},{"id":"R21","pred":"subjectOf","subj":"E4-ab-5","obj":"T11"},{"id":"R22","pred":"objectOf","subj":"E7-ab-5","obj":"T11"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}

    pubmed-sentences-benchmark

    {"project":"pubmed-sentences-benchmark","denotations":[{"id":"S1","span":{"begin":0,"end":109},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S2","span":{"begin":110,"end":332},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S3","span":{"begin":333,"end":430},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S4","span":{"begin":431,"end":631},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S5","span":{"begin":632,"end":816},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"S6","span":{"begin":817,"end":972},"obj":"Sentence"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}

    GENIAcorpus

    {"project":"GENIAcorpus","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":0,"end":12},"obj":"other_organic_compound"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":36,"end":40},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":42,"end":52},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":58,"end":85},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":89,"end":108},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":123,"end":142},"obj":"cell_type"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":176,"end":188},"obj":"other_organic_compound"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":262,"end":282},"obj":"protein_family_or_group"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":284,"end":288},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":314,"end":324},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":377,"end":401},"obj":"protein_family_or_group"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":403,"end":408},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":412,"end":417},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":442,"end":446},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":451,"end":461},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":521,"end":548},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":593,"end":605},"obj":"other_organic_compound"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":609,"end":623},"obj":"RNA_molecule"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":647,"end":659},"obj":"other_organic_compound"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":695,"end":709},"obj":"RNA_molecule"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":769,"end":778},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":802,"end":815},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":826,"end":838},"obj":"other_organic_compound"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":878,"end":882},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":887,"end":897},"obj":"protein_molecule"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":923,"end":943},"obj":"other_name"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":947,"end":961},"obj":"protein_family_or_group"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}

    metamap-sample

    {"project":"metamap-sample","denotations":[{"id":"T1","span":{"begin":124,"end":129},"obj":"C0086418"},{"id":"T2","span":{"begin":90,"end":95},"obj":"C0086418"},{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":130,"end":143},"obj":"C0004561"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":96,"end":109},"obj":"C0004561"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":610,"end":619},"obj":"C1456820"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":522,"end":549},"obj":"C1456820"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":879,"end":883},"obj":"C0085828"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":443,"end":447},"obj":"C0085828"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":285,"end":289},"obj":"C0085828"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":37,"end":41},"obj":"C0085828"},{"id":"T11","span":{"begin":888,"end":898},"obj":"C0079904"},{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":452,"end":462},"obj":"C0079904"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":315,"end":325},"obj":"C0079904"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":43,"end":53},"obj":"C0079904"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":827,"end":839},"obj":"C0069389"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":648,"end":660},"obj":"C0069389"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":594,"end":606},"obj":"C0069389"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":177,"end":189},"obj":"C0069389"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":1,"end":13},"obj":"C0069389"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":81,"end":86},"obj":"C2003941"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":851,"end":857},"obj":"C3245505"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":19,"end":25},"obj":"C3245505"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":706,"end":710},"obj":"C0035696"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":620,"end":624},"obj":"C0035696"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":404,"end":409},"obj":"C1442824"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":413,"end":418},"obj":"C1442823"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":675,"end":683},"obj":"C0038452"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":625,"end":631},"obj":"C0441889"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":364,"end":370},"obj":"C0441889"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":326,"end":332},"obj":"C0441889"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":263,"end":283},"obj":"C0040648"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":386,"end":402},"obj":"C0242210"},{"id":"T33","span":{"begin":910,"end":916},"obj":"C0205263"},{"id":"T34","span":{"begin":246,"end":255},"obj":"C0205263"},{"id":"T35","span":{"begin":633,"end":642},"obj":"C0087111"},{"id":"T36","span":{"begin":111,"end":120},"obj":"C0087111"},{"id":"T37","span":{"begin":684,"end":692},"obj":"C0442805"},{"id":"T38","span":{"begin":303,"end":311},"obj":"C0442805"},{"id":"T39","span":{"begin":661,"end":669},"obj":"C2825142"},{"id":"T40","span":{"begin":230,"end":238},"obj":"C2825142"},{"id":"T41","span":{"begin":337,"end":345},"obj":"C1979874"},{"id":"T42","span":{"begin":570,"end":578},"obj":"C0332128"},{"id":"T43","span":{"begin":906,"end":909},"obj":"C1518422"},{"id":"T44","span":{"begin":425,"end":430},"obj":"C0150312"},{"id":"T45","span":{"begin":730,"end":733},"obj":"C0700308"},{"id":"T46","span":{"begin":840,"end":848},"obj":"C1999230"},{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":473,"end":481},"obj":"C0684224"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":737,"end":748},"obj":"C1292856"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":482,"end":484},"obj":"C1883351"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":924,"end":944},"obj":"C1155008"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":160,"end":173},"obj":"C1446561"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":711,"end":722},"obj":"C1519595"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":583,"end":590},"obj":"C1280500"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":347,"end":356},"obj":"C1301751"},{"id":"T55","span":{"begin":785,"end":793},"obj":"C1283071"},{"id":"T56","span":{"begin":759,"end":766},"obj":"C1265611"},{"id":"T57","span":{"begin":868,"end":874},"obj":"C1710082"},{"id":"T58","span":{"begin":152,"end":159},"obj":"C2698651"},{"id":"T59","span":{"begin":753,"end":758},"obj":"C0549177"},{"id":"T60","span":{"begin":296,"end":302},"obj":"C0522501"}],"text":"Okadaic acid is a potent inducer of AP-1, NF-kappa B, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in human B lymphocytes.\nTreatment of human B lymphocytes with an optimal concentration of okadaic acid, an inhibitor of phosphatases 1 and 2A, resulted in the induction of the transcription factor, AP-1 and a marked increase in NF-kappa B levels. In contrast, no effect on the levels of the octamer binding proteins, Oct-1 or Oct-2, were found. Since both AP-1 and NF-kappa B have been reported to be important in the induction of the tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) gene we examined the effects of okadaic acid on TNF-alpha mRNA levels. Treatment with okadaic acid resulted in a striking increase in TNF-alpha mRNA transcripts within 1 h of stimulation and large amounts of TNF-alpha were released into the culture media. Although okadaic acid provides a potent inductive signal for AP-1 and NF-kappa B it did not induce either B cell proliferation or immunoglobulin secretion."}