PMC:7600245 / 17544-18271 JSONTXT

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T78","span":{"begin":276,"end":286},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T79","span":{"begin":418,"end":425},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T80","span":{"begin":438,"end":441},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A78","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T78","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma82740"},{"id":"A79","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T79","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67257"},{"id":"A80","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T80","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma74412"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T65","span":{"begin":129,"end":140},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T66","span":{"begin":129,"end":138},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T67","span":{"begin":153,"end":162},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T68","span":{"begin":612,"end":620},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T69","span":{"begin":687,"end":695},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A65","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T65","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005344"},{"id":"A66","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T66","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0002251"},{"id":"A67","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T67","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550"},{"id":"A68","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T68","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005336"},{"id":"A69","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T69","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T159","span":{"begin":40,"end":41},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":139,"end":140},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001021"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":141,"end":146},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/NCBITaxon_10239"},{"id":"T162","span":{"begin":203,"end":204},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T163","span":{"begin":269,"end":275},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T164","span":{"begin":340,"end":346},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001658"},{"id":"T165","span":{"begin":497,"end":498},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T166","span":{"begin":558,"end":559},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T167","span":{"begin":658,"end":659},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"},{"id":"T168","span":{"begin":671,"end":672},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T186","span":{"begin":42,"end":51},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T187","span":{"begin":52,"end":62},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T188","span":{"begin":205,"end":212},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T189","span":{"begin":276,"end":286},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T190","span":{"begin":292,"end":304},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T191","span":{"begin":327,"end":339},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T192","span":{"begin":418,"end":425},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T193","span":{"begin":438,"end":441},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T194","span":{"begin":480,"end":489},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T195","span":{"begin":506,"end":515},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T196","span":{"begin":631,"end":635},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A186","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T186","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_17748"},{"id":"A187","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T187","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33838"},{"id":"A188","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T188","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_50266"},{"id":"A189","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T189","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36976"},{"id":"A190","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T190","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18036"},{"id":"A191","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T191","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_18036"},{"id":"A192","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T192","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_36080"},{"id":"A193","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T193","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_16991"},{"id":"A194","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T194","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_135964"},{"id":"A195","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T195","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_22587"},{"id":"A196","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T196","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_23888"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":227,"end":242},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016310"},{"id":"T28","span":{"begin":404,"end":417},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003968"},{"id":"T29","span":{"begin":404,"end":417},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0003899"},{"id":"T30","span":{"begin":438,"end":451},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0071897"},{"id":"T31","span":{"begin":442,"end":451},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0009058"},{"id":"T32","span":{"begin":506,"end":524},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0051607"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":129,"end":138},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T10","span":{"begin":612,"end":620},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A9","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0012115"},{"id":"A10","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T10","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0003198"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T129","span":{"begin":0,"end":4},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T130","span":{"begin":5,"end":36},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T131","span":{"begin":37,"end":168},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T132","span":{"begin":169,"end":305},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T133","span":{"begin":306,"end":457},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T134","span":{"begin":458,"end":626},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T135","span":{"begin":627,"end":727},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}

{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"439","span":{"begin":5,"end":14},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"440","span":{"begin":16,"end":23},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"441","span":{"begin":28,"end":35},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"450","span":{"begin":392,"end":395},"obj":"Species"},{"id":"451","span":{"begin":42,"end":62},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"452","span":{"begin":292,"end":304},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"453","span":{"begin":327,"end":339},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"454","span":{"begin":480,"end":489},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"455","span":{"begin":129,"end":162},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"456","span":{"begin":612,"end":620},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"457","span":{"begin":687,"end":695},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A439","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"439","obj":"MESH:C034935"},{"id":"A440","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"440","obj":"MESH:C034935"},{"id":"A441","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"441","obj":"MESH:C034935"},{"id":"A450","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"450","obj":"Tax:10407"},{"id":"A452","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"452","obj":"MESH:C005692"},{"id":"A453","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"453","obj":"MESH:C005692"},{"id":"A454","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"454","obj":"MESH:C034935"},{"id":"A455","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"455","obj":"MESH:D006509"},{"id":"A456","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"456","obj":"MESH:D009135"},{"id":"A457","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"457","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"2.4. Clevudine (Levovir and Revovir)\nIt a thymidine nucleoside analog (Figure 3) that was approved in Korea for the treatment of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection [60]. Similar to previous agents, it is a prodrug that requires phosphorylation to form the corresponding active nucleotide, the triphosphate. Mechanistically, the triphosphate active form appears to noncompetitively inhibit the HBV reverse transcriptase protein priming and DNA synthesis [61]. Importantly, although clevudine showed a potent antiviral response, its long-term use for more than a year led to the development of viral resistance and myopathy [60]. The drug is being evaluated in a phase 2 as a treatment for COVID-19 in Korea (NCT04347915; n = 60)."}