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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T47","span":{"begin":1131,"end":1154},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T48","span":{"begin":1137,"end":1154},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T49","span":{"begin":1504,"end":1527},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T50","span":{"begin":1510,"end":1527},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T51","span":{"begin":1627,"end":1650},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T52","span":{"begin":1633,"end":1650},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T53","span":{"begin":2484,"end":2489},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T54","span":{"begin":2992,"end":3009},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A47","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T47","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A48","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T48","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A49","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T49","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A50","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T50","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A51","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T51","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558"},{"id":"A52","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T52","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A53","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T53","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062"},{"id":"A54","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T54","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"}],"text":"4.4. Vitamin C Supplementation against Viral Infection\nVitamin C deficiency status is correlated with an increased susceptibility to severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia [46,47,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72] (Table 3).\nIn a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70].\nWith the COVID-19 outbreak, vitamin C could play a role in preventing and treating the severe respiratory viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The potential beneficial effect of vitamin C supplementation could be expected also from the depleted vitamin C levels that are present during a severe infection and in critically ill patients [71]. A recent randomised clinical trial (CITRIS-ALI) demonstrated that 96 hours’ infusion of vitamin C compared with placebo in patients with sepsis and ARDS did not improve the primary outcome of organ dysfunction scores, but significantly reduced mortality and significantly increased ICU-free days to 28 and hospital-free days to 60 [72].\nRecently, Diao et al. retrospectively reviewed the numbers of total T cells, CD4+, CD8+ T cell subsets in a total of 499 COVID-19 patients and found a significantly reduction of T cells counts. Furthermore, they demonstrated a state of T cell dysfunction (T cell exhaustion) following SARS-CoV-2 infection [73]. Thus, the possibility that vitamin C affects viral respiratory tract infections, also supporting the viral clearance mediated by T cells, could encourage further studies aimed to investigate the role of vitamin C for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease."}

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

LitCovid-PD-CLO

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T82","span":{"begin":39,"end":54},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"},{"id":"T83","span":{"begin":2055,"end":2070},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"}],"text":"4.4. Vitamin C Supplementation against Viral Infection\nVitamin C deficiency status is correlated with an increased susceptibility to severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia [46,47,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72] (Table 3).\nIn a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70].\nWith the COVID-19 outbreak, vitamin C could play a role in preventing and treating the severe respiratory viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The potential beneficial effect of vitamin C supplementation could be expected also from the depleted vitamin C levels that are present during a severe infection and in critically ill patients [71]. A recent randomised clinical trial (CITRIS-ALI) demonstrated that 96 hours’ infusion of vitamin C compared with placebo in patients with sepsis and ARDS did not improve the primary outcome of organ dysfunction scores, but significantly reduced mortality and significantly increased ICU-free days to 28 and hospital-free days to 60 [72].\nRecently, Diao et al. retrospectively reviewed the numbers of total T cells, CD4+, CD8+ T cell subsets in a total of 499 COVID-19 patients and found a significantly reduction of T cells counts. Furthermore, they demonstrated a state of T cell dysfunction (T cell exhaustion) following SARS-CoV-2 infection [73]. Thus, the possibility that vitamin C affects viral respiratory tract infections, also supporting the viral clearance mediated by T cells, could encourage further studies aimed to investigate the role of vitamin C for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease."}

LitCovid-PD-HP

LitCovid-sentences

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T145","span":{"begin":0,"end":4},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T146","span":{"begin":5,"end":54},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T147","span":{"begin":55,"end":226},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T148","span":{"begin":227,"end":376},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T149","span":{"begin":377,"end":620},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T150","span":{"begin":621,"end":830},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T151","span":{"begin":831,"end":1103},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T152","span":{"begin":1104,"end":1232},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T153","span":{"begin":1233,"end":1379},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T154","span":{"begin":1380,"end":1666},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T155","span":{"begin":1667,"end":1948},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T156","span":{"begin":1949,"end":2092},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T157","span":{"begin":2093,"end":2291},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T158","span":{"begin":2292,"end":2628},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T159","span":{"begin":2629,"end":2822},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T160","span":{"begin":2823,"end":2940},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T161","span":{"begin":2941,"end":3203},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"4.4. Vitamin C Supplementation against Viral Infection\nVitamin C deficiency status is correlated with an increased susceptibility to severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia [46,47,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72] (Table 3).\nIn a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65]. They reported three studies that show a \u003e80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66]. Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients. However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use. The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials. Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68]. In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69]. A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70].\nWith the COVID-19 outbreak, vitamin C could play a role in preventing and treating the severe respiratory viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2. The potential beneficial effect of vitamin C supplementation could be expected also from the depleted vitamin C levels that are present during a severe infection and in critically ill patients [71]. A recent randomised clinical trial (CITRIS-ALI) demonstrated that 96 hours’ infusion of vitamin C compared with placebo in patients with sepsis and ARDS did not improve the primary outcome of organ dysfunction scores, but significantly reduced mortality and significantly increased ICU-free days to 28 and hospital-free days to 60 [72].\nRecently, Diao et al. retrospectively reviewed the numbers of total T cells, CD4+, CD8+ T cell subsets in a total of 499 COVID-19 patients and found a significantly reduction of T cells counts. Furthermore, they demonstrated a state of T cell dysfunction (T cell exhaustion) following SARS-CoV-2 infection [73]. Thus, the possibility that vitamin C affects viral respiratory tract infections, also supporting the viral clearance mediated by T cells, could encourage further studies aimed to investigate the role of vitamin C for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease."}

LitCovid-PubTator

PMC:7589163 / 20612-23815 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

PMC:7589163 / 20612-23815 JSON TXT