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PMC:7589163 / 20612-23815 JSONTXT

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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue fma_id
T147 591-597 Body_part denotes plasma http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma62970
T148 1131-1154 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661
T149 1504-1527 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45661
T150 1627-1650 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma45662
T151 2484-2489 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma67498
T152 2699-2704 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T153 2719-2723 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T154 2809-2814 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T155 2867-2871 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T156 2887-2891 Body_part denotes cell http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646
T157 2992-3009 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma265130
T158 3072-3077 Body_part denotes cells http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma68646

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue uberon_id
T47 1131-1154 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557
T48 1137-1154 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T49 1504-1527 Body_part denotes upper respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557
T50 1510-1527 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T51 1627-1650 Body_part denotes lower respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558
T52 1633-1650 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065
T53 2484-2489 Body_part denotes organ http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000062
T54 2992-3009 Body_part denotes respiratory tract http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue mondo_id
T76 39-54 Disease denotes Viral Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T77 45-54 Disease denotes Infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T78 55-75 Disease denotes Vitamin C deficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0009412
T79 140-162 Disease denotes respiratory infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T80 171-180 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T81 334-343 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T82 441-450 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T83 543-552 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T84 680-689 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T85 964-973 Disease denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005249
T86 1131-1165 Disease denotes upper respiratory tract infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T87 1179-1190 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T88 1321-1332 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T89 1510-1537 Disease denotes respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T90 1528-1537 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T91 1633-1660 Disease denotes respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024355
T92 1651-1660 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T93 1802-1813 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T94 1931-1942 Disease denotes common cold http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005709
T95 1958-1966 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T96 2055-2070 Disease denotes viral infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005108
T97 2061-2070 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T98 2081-2089 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T99 2245-2254 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T100 2440-2444 Disease denotes ARDS http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0006502
T101 2750-2758 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096
T102 2914-2922 Disease denotes SARS-CoV http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005091
T103 2925-2934 Disease denotes infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0005550
T104 2986-3020 Disease denotes viral respiratory tract infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0024352
T105 3186-3194 Disease denotes COVID-19 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096

LitCovid-PD-CLO

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T245 230-231 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T246 415-416 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T247 591-597 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001969 denotes plasma
T248 1074-1075 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T249 1192-1195 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0051582 denotes has
T250 1383-1384 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T251 1447-1448 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T252 1627-1650 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001558 denotes lower respiratory tract
T253 1667-1668 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T254 1800-1801 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T255 1859-1860 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T256 1929-1930 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T257 1998-1999 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T258 2236-2237 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T259 2287-2289 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0054055 denotes 71
T260 2292-2293 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes A
T261 2484-2489 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0003103 denotes organ
T262 2697-2704 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells
T263 2706-2709 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/PR_000001004 denotes CD4
T264 2712-2715 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0053438 denotes CD8
T265 2717-2723 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cell
T266 2735-2736 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T267 2778-2779 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T268 2807-2814 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells
T269 2854-2855 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020 denotes a
T270 2865-2871 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cell
T271 2885-2891 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cell
T272 3070-3077 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CL_0000084 denotes T cells

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue chebi_id
T333 5-14 Chemical denotes Vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290
T336 5-12 Chemical denotes Vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T337 55-64 Chemical denotes Vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290
T340 55-62 Chemical denotes Vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T341 297-306 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T342 297-304 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T343 458-467 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T344 458-465 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T345 509-518 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T346 509-516 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T347 598-607 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T348 598-605 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T349 658-667 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T350 658-665 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T351 775-784 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T352 775-782 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T353 785-790 Chemical denotes group http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433
T354 943-952 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T355 943-950 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T356 1089-1098 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T357 1089-1096 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T358 1118-1127 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T359 1118-1125 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T360 1233-1242 Chemical denotes Vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_29073|http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_38290
T363 1233-1240 Chemical denotes Vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T364 1700-1709 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T365 1700-1707 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T366 1774-1783 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T367 1774-1781 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T368 1977-1986 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T369 1977-1984 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T370 2128-2137 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T371 2128-2135 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T372 2195-2204 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T373 2195-2202 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T374 2380-2389 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T375 2380-2387 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T376 2968-2977 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T377 2968-2975 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229
T378 3144-3153 Chemical denotes vitamin C http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_21241
T379 3144-3151 Chemical denotes vitamin http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_33229

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T82 39-54 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes Viral Infection
T83 2055-2070 http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032 denotes viral infection

LitCovid-PD-HP

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue hp_id
T33 55-75 Phenotype denotes Vitamin C deficiency http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100510
T34 140-162 Phenotype denotes respiratory infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0011947
T35 171-180 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T36 334-343 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T37 441-450 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T38 543-552 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T39 680-689 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T40 964-973 Phenotype denotes pneumonia http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002090
T41 1131-1165 Phenotype denotes upper respiratory tract infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002788
T42 1504-1537 Phenotype denotes upper respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002788
T43 1627-1660 Phenotype denotes lower respiratory tract infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002783
T44 2238-2254 Phenotype denotes severe infection http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0032169
T45 2429-2435 Phenotype denotes sepsis http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0100806
T46 2865-2883 Phenotype denotes T cell dysfunction http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0005435
T47 2992-3020 Phenotype denotes respiratory tract infections http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0011947

LitCovid-sentences

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T145 0-4 Sentence denotes 4.4.
T146 5-54 Sentence denotes Vitamin C Supplementation against Viral Infection
T147 55-226 Sentence denotes Vitamin C deficiency status is correlated with an increased susceptibility to severe respiratory infections such as pneumonia [46,47,64,65,66,67,68,69,70,71,72] (Table 3).
T148 227-376 Sentence denotes In a recent meta-analysis, Hemilä and Louhiala analyzed the effect of vitamin C in preventing and treating pneumonia regardless of the etiology [65].
T149 377-620 Sentence denotes They reported three studies that show a >80% lower incidence of pneumonia in the vitamin C groups, supporting the potential role of vitamin C in reducing the risk of pneumonia, particularly in individuals with low plasma vitamin C levels [66].
T150 621-830 Sentence denotes Furthermore, regarding the effect of vitamin C in treating pneumonia, in older patients, lower mortality and reduced severity of disease was found in the vitamin C group, particularly in the most ill patients.
T151 831-1103 Sentence denotes However, the authors concluded that the current evidence is too weak to advocate widespread prophylactic use of vitamin C to prevent pneumonia in the general population, and further studies are needed to clarify the population that could have a benefit from vitamin C use.
T152 1104-1232 Sentence denotes The effect of vitamin C on upper respiratory tract infections, such as the common cold, has also been studied in several trials.
T153 1233-1379 Sentence denotes Vitamin C supplementation significantly decreases the incidence and the severity of the common cold in people under heavy physical stress [67,68].
T154 1380-1666 Sentence denotes In a randomised controlled pilot study, Garaiova et al. have shown a significant reduction in the incidence and duration of upper respiratory tract infection, but no significant differences were observed in the incidence rate ratio or duration of lower respiratory tract infection [69].
T155 1667-1948 Sentence denotes A recent meta-analysis comparing vitamin C with placebo demonstrated that administration of extra doses of vitamin C at the onset of a common cold could help reduce the duration by about half a day, shorten the time confined indoors, and relieve the symptoms of a common cold [70].
T156 1949-2092 Sentence denotes With the COVID-19 outbreak, vitamin C could play a role in preventing and treating the severe respiratory viral infection caused by SARS-CoV-2.
T157 2093-2291 Sentence denotes The potential beneficial effect of vitamin C supplementation could be expected also from the depleted vitamin C levels that are present during a severe infection and in critically ill patients [71].
T158 2292-2628 Sentence denotes A recent randomised clinical trial (CITRIS-ALI) demonstrated that 96 hours’ infusion of vitamin C compared with placebo in patients with sepsis and ARDS did not improve the primary outcome of organ dysfunction scores, but significantly reduced mortality and significantly increased ICU-free days to 28 and hospital-free days to 60 [72].
T159 2629-2822 Sentence denotes Recently, Diao et al. retrospectively reviewed the numbers of total T cells, CD4+, CD8+ T cell subsets in a total of 499 COVID-19 patients and found a significantly reduction of T cells counts.
T160 2823-2940 Sentence denotes Furthermore, they demonstrated a state of T cell dysfunction (T cell exhaustion) following SARS-CoV-2 infection [73].
T161 2941-3203 Sentence denotes Thus, the possibility that vitamin C affects viral respiratory tract infections, also supporting the viral clearance mediated by T cells, could encourage further studies aimed to investigate the role of vitamin C for prevention and treatment of COVID-19 disease.

LitCovid-PubTator

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue tao:has_database_id
504 5-14 Chemical denotes Vitamin C MESH:D001205
505 39-54 Disease denotes Viral Infection MESH:D001102
509 63-75 Disease denotes C deficiency MESH:C537418
510 140-162 Disease denotes respiratory infections MESH:D012141
511 171-180 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
536 700-708 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
537 821-829 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
538 1336-1342 Species denotes people Tax:9606
539 297-306 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
540 458-467 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
541 509-518 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
542 598-607 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
543 658-667 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
544 775-784 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
545 943-952 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
546 1089-1098 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
547 1118-1127 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
548 1233-1242 Chemical denotes Vitamin C MESH:D001205
549 1700-1709 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
550 1774-1783 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
551 334-343 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
552 441-450 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
553 543-552 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
554 680-689 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
555 716-725 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
556 964-973 Disease denotes pneumonia MESH:D011014
557 1131-1165 Disease denotes upper respiratory tract infections MESH:D012141
558 1504-1537 Disease denotes upper respiratory tract infection MESH:D012141
559 1633-1660 Disease denotes respiratory tract infection MESH:D012141
575 2081-2091 Species denotes SARS-CoV-2 Tax:2697049
576 2277-2285 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
577 2415-2423 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
578 2043-2054 Species denotes respiratory Tax:12814
579 1977-1986 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
580 2128-2137 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
581 2195-2204 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
582 2380-2389 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
583 1958-1966 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
584 2055-2070 Disease denotes viral infection MESH:D001102
585 2245-2254 Disease denotes infection MESH:D007239
586 2262-2276 Disease denotes critically ill MESH:D016638
587 2429-2435 Disease denotes sepsis MESH:D018805
588 2440-2444 Disease denotes ARDS MESH:D012128
589 2536-2545 Disease denotes mortality MESH:D003643
600 2706-2709 Gene denotes CD4 Gene:920
601 2712-2715 Gene denotes CD8 Gene:925
602 2759-2767 Species denotes patients Tax:9606
603 2968-2977 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
604 3144-3153 Chemical denotes vitamin C MESH:D001205
605 2750-2758 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245
606 2865-2883 Disease denotes T cell dysfunction MESH:C536780
607 2919-2934 Disease denotes CoV-2 infection MESH:C000657245
608 2992-3020 Disease denotes respiratory tract infections MESH:D012141
609 3186-3194 Disease denotes COVID-19 MESH:C000657245