PMC:7546716 / 1614-2782 JSONTXT

{"target":"https://pubannotation.org/docs/sourcedb/PMC/sourceid/7546716","sourcedb":"PMC","sourceid":"7546716","source_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/7546716","text":" Given the public health emergency, scarcity of effective antiviral therapies, and rapid evolution of lung disease associated with COVID-19, patients who are critically ill with COVID-19 and have exuberant inflammation, life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome, and coagulopathy, are basically treated as if they had secondary haemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis or virus-associated macrophage activation syndrome (MAS). These treatments are focused on therapies that neutralise key cytokines driving classical MAS, such as interleukin-6 ([IL]-6; eg, tocilizumab) or interferon gamma (IFNγ; eg, emapalumab).1, 2 In fact, some fatal cases of COVID-19 are accompanied not only by severe respiratory disease, but also by increased systemic inflammation as shown by higher ferritin concentrations.2 However, in many aspects, COVID-19 does not resemble typical MAS. We propose that the cytokine storm syndrome seen in COVID-19 is dissimilar to that seen in canonical MAS and should be regarded as a distinct entity and approached in a novel way reflecting its unique qualities.\n\nCellular immunity and T-cell polarisation in COVID-19\nWhereas virus-induced MAS 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