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LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON

LitCovid-PD-UBERON

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":482,"end":488},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":943,"end":966},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":949,"end":966},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T6","span":{"begin":1859,"end":1863},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T7","span":{"begin":2502,"end":2506},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T8","span":{"begin":2606,"end":2612},"obj":"Body_part"},{"id":"T9","span":{"begin":2748,"end":2752},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000341"},{"id":"A4","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001557"},{"id":"A5","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000065"},{"id":"A6","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T6","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A7","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T7","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"},{"id":"A8","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T8","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0000479"},{"id":"A9","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T9","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0002048"}],"text":"2.3 Anti-coronavirus activity of marine polysaccharides\nMarine polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, PGS, chitosan, and their derivatives, show good inhibitory activity against various viruses, which provides a reference for their research on coronavirus. Iota-carrageenan containing lozenges show highly active against human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A H1N1, and HCoV OC43 throughout the entire dissolution process, and are a promising therapy against viral infections of throat [67]. The cationically modified chitosan, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), shows significant inhibition against the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, and its hydrophobically modified derivative (HM-HTCC) is a potent inhibitor of the coronavirus HCoV-NL63, indicating that HTCC polymers based on chitosan are effective inhibitors of all low-pathogenic human coronaviruses [68]. Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, also known as common cold, is mainly caused by respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus [[69], [70], [71]]. Clinical trials applying iota-carrageenan nasal spray have shown to reduce the duration of a virus-confirmed common cold. Carrageenan nasal spray shows significant antiviral efficacy in three virus subgroups, HRV, human coronavirus, and influenza A virus (IAV), and the highest effectiveness was observed in human corona virus-infected patients. The reduced duration of disease was 3 days (p \u003c 0.01), and the number of relapses was three times less (p \u003c 0.01) in carrageenan treated corona-virus -infected patients compared to control patients [70].\nAfter the outbreak of SARS in 2003, many survivors developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity in older patients. Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by a hyperactive host response to lung injury mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in animal models (Fig. 5 ). Inhibition of EGFR signaling can prevent an excessive fibrotic response to SARS-CoV and other respiratory viral infections [72]. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan and sulfated rhamnan, can interfere or inhibit the expression and activation of EGFR pathway, which may help to suppress coronavirus [73,74]. The understanding of how polysaccharides play a role in EGFR and other pro-fibrotic pathways after viral infection will provide new ideas for COVID-19 treatment.\nFig. 5 The illustration about potential role of EGFR in lung fibrosis. Physical injury or a pathogen ① initiates the wound healing response by damaging healthy tissue, releasing EGFR ligands ② and activating the EGFR pathway. This results in an exaggerated wound healing response leading to a fibrotic lung ③. The early use of inhibitors like tyrosine kinase ④ could prevent the normal progress of wound healing and fibrosis [72]."}

LitCovid-PubTator

LitCovid-PD-MONDO

LitCovid-PD-CLO

LitCovid-PD-CHEBI

LitCovid-PD-GO-BP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-GO-BP","denotations":[{"id":"T12","span":{"begin":462,"end":478},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"},{"id":"T13","span":{"begin":1893,"end":1899},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0040007"},{"id":"T14","span":{"begin":1917,"end":1921},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T15","span":{"begin":1923,"end":1932},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052"},{"id":"T16","span":{"begin":1975,"end":1979},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T17","span":{"begin":1980,"end":1989},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0023052"},{"id":"T18","span":{"begin":2067,"end":2083},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"},{"id":"T19","span":{"begin":2222,"end":2226},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T20","span":{"begin":2340,"end":2344},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T21","span":{"begin":2383,"end":2398},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0016032"},{"id":"T22","span":{"begin":2494,"end":2498},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T23","span":{"begin":2563,"end":2576},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042060"},{"id":"T24","span":{"begin":2624,"end":2628},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T25","span":{"begin":2658,"end":2662},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0005006"},{"id":"T26","span":{"begin":2703,"end":2716},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042060"},{"id":"T27","span":{"begin":2844,"end":2857},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/GO_0042060"}],"text":"2.3 Anti-coronavirus activity of marine polysaccharides\nMarine polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, PGS, chitosan, and their derivatives, show good inhibitory activity against various viruses, which provides a reference for their research on coronavirus. Iota-carrageenan containing lozenges show highly active against human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A H1N1, and HCoV OC43 throughout the entire dissolution process, and are a promising therapy against viral infections of throat [67]. The cationically modified chitosan, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), shows significant inhibition against the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, and its hydrophobically modified derivative (HM-HTCC) is a potent inhibitor of the coronavirus HCoV-NL63, indicating that HTCC polymers based on chitosan are effective inhibitors of all low-pathogenic human coronaviruses [68]. Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, also known as common cold, is mainly caused by respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus [[69], [70], [71]]. Clinical trials applying iota-carrageenan nasal spray have shown to reduce the duration of a virus-confirmed common cold. Carrageenan nasal spray shows significant antiviral efficacy in three virus subgroups, HRV, human coronavirus, and influenza A virus (IAV), and the highest effectiveness was observed in human corona virus-infected patients. The reduced duration of disease was 3 days (p \u003c 0.01), and the number of relapses was three times less (p \u003c 0.01) in carrageenan treated corona-virus -infected patients compared to control patients [70].\nAfter the outbreak of SARS in 2003, many survivors developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity in older patients. Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by a hyperactive host response to lung injury mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in animal models (Fig. 5 ). Inhibition of EGFR signaling can prevent an excessive fibrotic response to SARS-CoV and other respiratory viral infections [72]. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan and sulfated rhamnan, can interfere or inhibit the expression and activation of EGFR pathway, which may help to suppress coronavirus [73,74]. The understanding of how polysaccharides play a role in EGFR and other pro-fibrotic pathways after viral infection will provide new ideas for COVID-19 treatment.\nFig. 5 The illustration about potential role of EGFR in lung fibrosis. Physical injury or a pathogen ① initiates the wound healing response by damaging healthy tissue, releasing EGFR ligands ② and activating the EGFR pathway. This results in an exaggerated wound healing response leading to a fibrotic lung ③. The early use of inhibitors like tyrosine kinase ④ could prevent the normal progress of wound healing and fibrosis [72]."}

2_test

{"project":"2_test","denotations":[{"id":"32679328-28280379-48281282","span":{"begin":490,"end":492},"obj":"28280379"},{"id":"32679328-24219370-48281283","span":{"begin":1096,"end":1098},"obj":"24219370"},{"id":"32679328-11726001-48281284","span":{"begin":1108,"end":1110},"obj":"11726001"},{"id":"32679328-28390872-48281285","span":{"begin":2085,"end":2087},"obj":"28390872"},{"id":"32679328-30177184-48281286","span":{"begin":2279,"end":2281},"obj":"30177184"},{"id":"32679328-28390872-48281287","span":{"begin":2872,"end":2874},"obj":"28390872"},{"id":"T66604","span":{"begin":490,"end":492},"obj":"28280379"},{"id":"T22725","span":{"begin":1096,"end":1098},"obj":"24219370"},{"id":"T1961","span":{"begin":1108,"end":1110},"obj":"11726001"},{"id":"T58628","span":{"begin":2085,"end":2087},"obj":"28390872"},{"id":"T31607","span":{"begin":2279,"end":2281},"obj":"30177184"},{"id":"T95227","span":{"begin":2872,"end":2874},"obj":"28390872"}],"text":"2.3 Anti-coronavirus activity of marine polysaccharides\nMarine polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, PGS, chitosan, and their derivatives, show good inhibitory activity against various viruses, which provides a reference for their research on coronavirus. Iota-carrageenan containing lozenges show highly active against human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A H1N1, and HCoV OC43 throughout the entire dissolution process, and are a promising therapy against viral infections of throat [67]. The cationically modified chitosan, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), shows significant inhibition against the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, and its hydrophobically modified derivative (HM-HTCC) is a potent inhibitor of the coronavirus HCoV-NL63, indicating that HTCC polymers based on chitosan are effective inhibitors of all low-pathogenic human coronaviruses [68]. Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, also known as common cold, is mainly caused by respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus [[69], [70], [71]]. Clinical trials applying iota-carrageenan nasal spray have shown to reduce the duration of a virus-confirmed common cold. Carrageenan nasal spray shows significant antiviral efficacy in three virus subgroups, HRV, human coronavirus, and influenza A virus (IAV), and the highest effectiveness was observed in human corona virus-infected patients. The reduced duration of disease was 3 days (p \u003c 0.01), and the number of relapses was three times less (p \u003c 0.01) in carrageenan treated corona-virus -infected patients compared to control patients [70].\nAfter the outbreak of SARS in 2003, many survivors developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity in older patients. Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by a hyperactive host response to lung injury mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in animal models (Fig. 5 ). Inhibition of EGFR signaling can prevent an excessive fibrotic response to SARS-CoV and other respiratory viral infections [72]. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan and sulfated rhamnan, can interfere or inhibit the expression and activation of EGFR pathway, which may help to suppress coronavirus [73,74]. The understanding of how polysaccharides play a role in EGFR and other pro-fibrotic pathways after viral infection will provide new ideas for COVID-19 treatment.\nFig. 5 The illustration about potential role of EGFR in lung fibrosis. Physical injury or a pathogen ① initiates the wound healing response by damaging healthy tissue, releasing EGFR ligands ② and activating the EGFR pathway. This results in an exaggerated wound healing response leading to a fibrotic lung ③. The early use of inhibitors like tyrosine kinase ④ could prevent the normal progress of wound healing and fibrosis [72]."}

LitCovid-sentences

{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T91","span":{"begin":0,"end":56},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T92","span":{"begin":57,"end":256},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T93","span":{"begin":257,"end":494},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T94","span":{"begin":495,"end":930},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T95","span":{"begin":931,"end":1113},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T96","span":{"begin":1114,"end":1235},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T97","span":{"begin":1236,"end":1459},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T98","span":{"begin":1460,"end":1663},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T99","span":{"begin":1664,"end":1795},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T100","span":{"begin":1796,"end":1960},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T101","span":{"begin":1961,"end":2089},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T102","span":{"begin":2090,"end":2283},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T103","span":{"begin":2284,"end":2445},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T104","span":{"begin":2446,"end":2516},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T105","span":{"begin":2517,"end":2671},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T106","span":{"begin":2672,"end":2755},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T107","span":{"begin":2756,"end":2876},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"2.3 Anti-coronavirus activity of marine polysaccharides\nMarine polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, PGS, chitosan, and their derivatives, show good inhibitory activity against various viruses, which provides a reference for their research on coronavirus. Iota-carrageenan containing lozenges show highly active against human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A H1N1, and HCoV OC43 throughout the entire dissolution process, and are a promising therapy against viral infections of throat [67]. The cationically modified chitosan, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), shows significant inhibition against the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, and its hydrophobically modified derivative (HM-HTCC) is a potent inhibitor of the coronavirus HCoV-NL63, indicating that HTCC polymers based on chitosan are effective inhibitors of all low-pathogenic human coronaviruses [68]. Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, also known as common cold, is mainly caused by respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus [[69], [70], [71]]. Clinical trials applying iota-carrageenan nasal spray have shown to reduce the duration of a virus-confirmed common cold. Carrageenan nasal spray shows significant antiviral efficacy in three virus subgroups, HRV, human coronavirus, and influenza A virus (IAV), and the highest effectiveness was observed in human corona virus-infected patients. The reduced duration of disease was 3 days (p \u003c 0.01), and the number of relapses was three times less (p \u003c 0.01) in carrageenan treated corona-virus -infected patients compared to control patients [70].\nAfter the outbreak of SARS in 2003, many survivors developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity in older patients. Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by a hyperactive host response to lung injury mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in animal models (Fig. 5 ). Inhibition of EGFR signaling can prevent an excessive fibrotic response to SARS-CoV and other respiratory viral infections [72]. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan and sulfated rhamnan, can interfere or inhibit the expression and activation of EGFR pathway, which may help to suppress coronavirus [73,74]. The understanding of how polysaccharides play a role in EGFR and other pro-fibrotic pathways after viral infection will provide new ideas for COVID-19 treatment.\nFig. 5 The illustration about potential role of EGFR in lung fibrosis. Physical injury or a pathogen ① initiates the wound healing response by damaging healthy tissue, releasing EGFR ligands ② and activating the EGFR pathway. This results in an exaggerated wound healing response leading to a fibrotic lung ③. The early use of inhibitors like tyrosine kinase ④ could prevent the normal progress of wound healing and fibrosis [72]."}

LitCovid-PD-HP

{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T3","span":{"begin":943,"end":976},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T4","span":{"begin":1734,"end":1752},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T5","span":{"begin":1796,"end":1814},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A3","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T3","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002788"},{"id":"A4","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T4","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002206"},{"id":"A5","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T5","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002206"}],"text":"2.3 Anti-coronavirus activity of marine polysaccharides\nMarine polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, PGS, chitosan, and their derivatives, show good inhibitory activity against various viruses, which provides a reference for their research on coronavirus. Iota-carrageenan containing lozenges show highly active against human rhinovirus (HRV), influenza virus A H1N1, and HCoV OC43 throughout the entire dissolution process, and are a promising therapy against viral infections of throat [67]. The cationically modified chitosan, N-(2-hydroxypropyl)-3-trimethylammonium chitosan chloride (HTCC), shows significant inhibition against the human coronavirus HCoV-229E, HCoV-OC43, HCoV-NL63, and HCoV-HKU1, and its hydrophobically modified derivative (HM-HTCC) is a potent inhibitor of the coronavirus HCoV-NL63, indicating that HTCC polymers based on chitosan are effective inhibitors of all low-pathogenic human coronaviruses [68]. Acute viral upper respiratory tract infection, also known as common cold, is mainly caused by respiratory viruses such as rhinovirus, coronavirus, influenza virus [[69], [70], [71]]. Clinical trials applying iota-carrageenan nasal spray have shown to reduce the duration of a virus-confirmed common cold. Carrageenan nasal spray shows significant antiviral efficacy in three virus subgroups, HRV, human coronavirus, and influenza A virus (IAV), and the highest effectiveness was observed in human corona virus-infected patients. The reduced duration of disease was 3 days (p \u003c 0.01), and the number of relapses was three times less (p \u003c 0.01) in carrageenan treated corona-virus -infected patients compared to control patients [70].\nAfter the outbreak of SARS in 2003, many survivors developed residual pulmonary fibrosis with increased severity in older patients. Pulmonary fibrosis is caused by a hyperactive host response to lung injury mediated by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) signaling in animal models (Fig. 5 ). Inhibition of EGFR signaling can prevent an excessive fibrotic response to SARS-CoV and other respiratory viral infections [72]. Moreover, sulfated polysaccharides such as fucoidan and sulfated rhamnan, can interfere or inhibit the expression and activation of EGFR pathway, which may help to suppress coronavirus [73,74]. The understanding of how polysaccharides play a role in EGFR and other pro-fibrotic pathways after viral infection will provide new ideas for COVID-19 treatment.\nFig. 5 The illustration about potential role of EGFR in lung fibrosis. Physical injury or a pathogen ① initiates the wound healing response by damaging healthy tissue, releasing EGFR ligands ② and activating the EGFR pathway. This results in an exaggerated wound healing response leading to a fibrotic lung ③. The early use of inhibitors like tyrosine kinase ④ could prevent the normal progress of wound healing and fibrosis [72]."}

LitCovid-PMC-OGER-BB

MyTest

PMC:7358770 / 14452-17328 JSONTXT

Annnotations TAB JSON ListView MergeView

PMC:7358770 / 14452-17328 JSON TXT