PMC:7212965 / 94670-96020
Annnotations
LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-FMA-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T234","span":{"begin":434,"end":449},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A234","pred":"fma_id","subj":"T234","obj":"http://purl.org/sig/ont/fma/fma317863"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PD-UBERON
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-UBERON","denotations":[{"id":"T193","span":{"begin":434,"end":449},"obj":"Body_part"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A193","pred":"uberon_id","subj":"T193","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PD-MONDO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-MONDO","denotations":[{"id":"T449","span":{"begin":50,"end":58},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T450","span":{"begin":168,"end":176},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T451","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T452","span":{"begin":335,"end":343},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T453","span":{"begin":424,"end":432},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T454","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"T455","span":{"begin":1144,"end":1152},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A449","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T449","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A450","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T450","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673"},{"id":"A451","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T451","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A452","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T452","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0001673"},{"id":"A453","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T453","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A454","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T454","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"},{"id":"A455","pred":"mondo_id","subj":"T455","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/MONDO_0100096"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PD-CLO
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CLO","denotations":[{"id":"T751","span":{"begin":241,"end":246},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225"},{"id":"T752","span":{"begin":321,"end":323},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000"},{"id":"T753","span":{"begin":346,"end":348},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001000"},{"id":"T754","span":{"begin":374,"end":379},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0007225"},{"id":"T755","span":{"begin":434,"end":449},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/UBERON_0001555"},{"id":"T756","span":{"begin":464,"end":467},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001046"},{"id":"T757","span":{"begin":482,"end":485},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001046"},{"id":"T758","span":{"begin":1243,"end":1244},"obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CLO_0001020"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PD-CHEBI
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-CHEBI","denotations":[{"id":"T267","span":{"begin":118,"end":120},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T268","span":{"begin":241,"end":246},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T269","span":{"begin":262,"end":273},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T270","span":{"begin":278,"end":287},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T271","span":{"begin":289,"end":298},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T272","span":{"begin":313,"end":315},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T273","span":{"begin":316,"end":318},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T274","span":{"begin":374,"end":379},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T275","span":{"begin":388,"end":399},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T276","span":{"begin":403,"end":410},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T277","span":{"begin":477,"end":479},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T278","span":{"begin":494,"end":503},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T279","span":{"begin":504,"end":513},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T280","span":{"begin":687,"end":692},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T281","span":{"begin":712,"end":717},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T282","span":{"begin":736,"end":741},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T283","span":{"begin":761,"end":766},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T284","span":{"begin":785,"end":790},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T285","span":{"begin":811,"end":816},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T286","span":{"begin":826,"end":829},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T287","span":{"begin":869,"end":874},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T288","span":{"begin":927,"end":932},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T289","span":{"begin":1068,"end":1079},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"T290","span":{"begin":1225,"end":1227},"obj":"Chemical"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A267","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T267","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_73907"},{"id":"A268","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T268","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"id":"A269","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T269","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134722"},{"id":"A270","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T270","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A271","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T271","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409"},{"id":"A272","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T272","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145751"},{"id":"A273","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T273","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145751"},{"id":"A274","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T274","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_35209"},{"id":"A275","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T275","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134722"},{"id":"A276","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T276","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_134730"},{"id":"A277","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T277","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145751"},{"id":"A278","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T278","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_31781"},{"id":"A279","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T279","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_45409"},{"id":"A280","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T280","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A281","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T281","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A282","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T282","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A283","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T283","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A284","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T284","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A285","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T285","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A286","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T286","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_76649"},{"id":"A287","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T287","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A288","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T288","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_24433"},{"id":"A289","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T289","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_3638"},{"id":"A290","pred":"chebi_id","subj":"T290","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/CHEBI_145751"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PD-HP
{"project":"LitCovid-PD-HP","denotations":[{"id":"T443","span":{"begin":137,"end":152},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T444","span":{"begin":153,"end":167},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T445","span":{"begin":168,"end":176},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T446","span":{"begin":177,"end":185},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T447","span":{"begin":335,"end":343},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T448","span":{"begin":570,"end":576},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T449","span":{"begin":584,"end":592},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T450","span":{"begin":628,"end":634},"obj":"Phenotype"},{"id":"T451","span":{"begin":649,"end":657},"obj":"Phenotype"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A443","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T443","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002017"},{"id":"A444","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T444","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002027"},{"id":"A445","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T445","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014"},{"id":"A446","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T446","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0000952"},{"id":"A447","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T447","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002014"},{"id":"A448","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T448","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002018"},{"id":"A449","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T449","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002013"},{"id":"A450","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T450","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002018"},{"id":"A451","pred":"hp_id","subj":"T451","obj":"http://purl.obolibrary.org/obo/HP_0002013"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-sentences
{"project":"LitCovid-sentences","denotations":[{"id":"T956","span":{"begin":0,"end":68},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T957","span":{"begin":69,"end":136},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T958","span":{"begin":137,"end":200},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T959","span":{"begin":201,"end":355},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T960","span":{"begin":356,"end":493},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T961","span":{"begin":494,"end":830},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T962","span":{"begin":831,"end":889},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T963","span":{"begin":890,"end":932},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T964","span":{"begin":933,"end":1054},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T965","span":{"begin":1055,"end":1205},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T966","span":{"begin":1206,"end":1224},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T967","span":{"begin":1225,"end":1242},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T968","span":{"begin":1243,"end":1304},"obj":"Sentence"},{"id":"T969","span":{"begin":1305,"end":1350},"obj":"Sentence"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"_base","uri":"http://pubannotation.org/ontology/tao.owl#"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}
LitCovid-PubTator
{"project":"LitCovid-PubTator","denotations":[{"id":"2515","span":{"begin":885,"end":891},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"2516","span":{"begin":118,"end":120},"obj":"Gene"},{"id":"2517","span":{"begin":278,"end":298},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"2518","span":{"begin":494,"end":513},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"2519","span":{"begin":933,"end":943},"obj":"Chemical"},{"id":"2520","span":{"begin":137,"end":143},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2521","span":{"begin":144,"end":200},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2522","span":{"begin":304,"end":312},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2523","span":{"begin":335,"end":343},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2524","span":{"begin":424,"end":432},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2525","span":{"begin":540,"end":548},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2526","span":{"begin":570,"end":576},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2527","span":{"begin":584,"end":592},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2528","span":{"begin":628,"end":634},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2529","span":{"begin":649,"end":657},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2530","span":{"begin":980,"end":985},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2531","span":{"begin":1144,"end":1152},"obj":"Disease"},{"id":"2533","span":{"begin":50,"end":58},"obj":"Disease"}],"attributes":[{"id":"A2515","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2515","obj":"Gene:84706"},{"id":"A2516","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2516","obj":"Gene:2770"},{"id":"A2517","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2517","obj":"MESH:C558899"},{"id":"A2518","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2518","obj":"MESH:C558899"},{"id":"A2519","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2519","obj":"MESH:C000606551"},{"id":"A2520","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2520","obj":"MESH:D009325"},{"id":"A2521","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2521","obj":"MESH:D015746"},{"id":"A2522","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2522","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A2523","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2523","obj":"MESH:D003967"},{"id":"A2524","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2524","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A2525","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2525","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A2526","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2526","obj":"MESH:D009325"},{"id":"A2527","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2527","obj":"MESH:D014839"},{"id":"A2528","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2528","obj":"MESH:D009325"},{"id":"A2529","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2529","obj":"MESH:D014839"},{"id":"A2530","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2530","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A2531","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2531","obj":"MESH:C000657245"},{"id":"A2533","pred":"tao:has_database_id","subj":"2533","obj":"MESH:C000657245"}],"namespaces":[{"prefix":"Tax","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/taxonomy/"},{"prefix":"MESH","uri":"https://id.nlm.nih.gov/mesh/"},{"prefix":"Gene","uri":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/gene/"},{"prefix":"CVCL","uri":"https://web.expasy.org/cellosaurus/CVCL_"}],"text":"Supplementary Table 2 Direct Evidence of Proposed COVID-19 Therapies\nMedication class Medication Sourcea Study Design GI adverse effects\nNausea/vomiting Abdominal pain Diarrhea Jaundice Hepatotoxicity\nAntiviral Favipiravir Cai, 2020109 Open-label control study (favipiravir and lopinavir/ ritonavir) for COVID-19 NR NR 2/35 (5.7%) had diarrhea 1/35 (2.9%)\nChen, 202092 Open-label RCT for favipiravir vs arbidol (n = 120) in COVID-19 “Digestive tract reactions” 16/116 (13.79%) NR 9/116 (7.76%)\nLopinavir/ritonavir Cao,89 2020 RCT in severe COVID-19 (n = 199) 10/95 with nausea + 6/96 vomiting (reported separately) vs 0/99 with nausea and 0/99 with vomiting in control 4/95 in treatment group vs 2/99 in control group 4/95 in treatment group vs 0/99 in control group 6/95 in treatment group vs. 5/99 in control group Elevated AST: 4/95 in treatment vs. 9/99 in control group; Elevated ALT: 2/95 in treatment vs 5/99 in control group\nRemdesivir Holshue,103 2020 Case report (first COVID in United States): remdesvir given day 7; no adverse events reported\nAntimalarial Chloroquine Cortegiani,104 2020 Systematic review on efficacy and safety in COVID-19 Not reported in systematic review or primary studies\nHydroxychloroquine\nNR, not reported.\na Sources include existing systematic reviews where possible. If not available, primary sources are listed."}