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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
TextSentencer_T1 0-68 Sentence denotes Folliculotropic Cutaneous Metastases and Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa:
T1 0-68 Sentence denotes Folliculotropic Cutaneous Metastases and Lymphangitis Carcinomatosa:
TextSentencer_T2 69-153 Sentence denotes When Cutaneous Metastases of Breast Carcinoma Are Mistaken for Cutaneous Infections.
T2 69-153 Sentence denotes When Cutaneous Metastases of Breast Carcinoma Are Mistaken for Cutaneous Infections.
TextSentencer_T3 154-271 Sentence denotes Dear Editor, Cutaneous metastases (CM) are detected in about 0.6-10.4% of patients with an internal malignancy (1-3).
T3 154-271 Sentence denotes Dear Editor, Cutaneous metastases (CM) are detected in about 0.6-10.4% of patients with an internal malignancy (1-3).
TextSentencer_T4 272-384 Sentence denotes Excluding melanoma, breast and lung carcinomas are the main source of CM in women and men, respectively (1,4,5).
T4 272-384 Sentence denotes Excluding melanoma, breast and lung carcinomas are the main source of CM in women and men, respectively (1,4,5).
TextSentencer_T5 385-496 Sentence denotes CM can have different clinical features, and a diagnosis of CM is usually suspected before performing a biopsy.
T5 385-496 Sentence denotes CM can have different clinical features, and a diagnosis of CM is usually suspected before performing a biopsy.
TextSentencer_T6 497-621 Sentence denotes However, this can be a pitfall for clinicians when the clinical presentation is not the typical inflammatory nodule or mass.
T6 497-621 Sentence denotes However, this can be a pitfall for clinicians when the clinical presentation is not the typical inflammatory nodule or mass.
TextSentencer_T7 622-737 Sentence denotes Herein we report 2 cases of cutaneous metastases of breast carcinoma, initially treated as a common skin infection.
T7 622-737 Sentence denotes Herein we report 2 cases of cutaneous metastases of breast carcinoma, initially treated as a common skin infection.
TextSentencer_T8 738-938 Sentence denotes Case 1 A 51-year-old Caucasian woman presented to our Institute with a four-month history of diffuse and erythematous pustular, lesions on the right arm that were painless and non pruritic (Figure 1).
T8 738-938 Sentence denotes Case 1 A 51-year-old Caucasian woman presented to our Institute with a four-month history of diffuse and erythematous pustular, lesions on the right arm that were painless and non pruritic (Figure 1).
TextSentencer_T9 939-1031 Sentence denotes The patient had undergone excision for a breast adenocarcinoma (stage IIIA) 5 years earlier.
T9 939-1031 Sentence denotes The patient had undergone excision for a breast adenocarcinoma (stage IIIA) 5 years earlier.
TextSentencer_T10 1032-1167 Sentence denotes An initial diagnosis of folliculitis was established, and the patient started systemic and topical antibiotics without any improvement.
T10 1032-1167 Sentence denotes An initial diagnosis of folliculitis was established, and the patient started systemic and topical antibiotics without any improvement.
TextSentencer_T11 1168-1259 Sentence denotes Based on the clinical features and the patient medical history, we performed a skin biopsy.
T11 1168-1259 Sentence denotes Based on the clinical features and the patient medical history, we performed a skin biopsy.
TextSentencer_T12 1260-1434 Sentence denotes Pathologically dermal nests of tumor cells, arranged in a glandular-like pattern and involving the perifollicular and follicular areas (Figure 2, Figure 3), were highlighted.
T12 1260-1434 Sentence denotes Pathologically dermal nests of tumor cells, arranged in a glandular-like pattern and involving the perifollicular and follicular areas (Figure 2, Figure 3), were highlighted.
TextSentencer_T13 1435-1619 Sentence denotes The tumor cells were positive to cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK19, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and negative for CK20, CK5/6, CD10, and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) (Figure 4).
T13 1435-1619 Sentence denotes The tumor cells were positive to cytokeratin (CK) 7, CK19, and carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and negative for CK20, CK5/6, CD10, and thyroid transcription factor-1 (TTF-1) (Figure 4).
TextSentencer_T14 1620-1750 Sentence denotes According to the clinical history and pathology, a final diagnosis of folliculotropic metastatic breast carcinoma was established.
T14 1620-1750 Sentence denotes According to the clinical history and pathology, a final diagnosis of folliculotropic metastatic breast carcinoma was established.
TextSentencer_T15 1751-1799 Sentence denotes Unfortunately, the patient died after 10 months.
T15 1751-1799 Sentence denotes Unfortunately, the patient died after 10 months.
TextSentencer_T16 1800-1997 Sentence denotes Case 2 A 61-year old Caucasian woman presented to our Department with a two-month history of pink/violet macular lesions with diffuse telangiectasia on the left breast and arm (Figure 5, Figure 6).
T16 1800-1997 Sentence denotes Case 2 A 61-year old Caucasian woman presented to our Department with a two-month history of pink/violet macular lesions with diffuse telangiectasia on the left breast and arm (Figure 5, Figure 6).
TextSentencer_T17 1998-2085 Sentence denotes Five years earlier she had undergone excision for a breast adenocarcinoma (stage II A).
T17 1998-2085 Sentence denotes Five years earlier she had undergone excision for a breast adenocarcinoma (stage II A).
TextSentencer_T18 2086-2209 Sentence denotes A previous diagnosis of cellulitis had been made, and systemic antibiotic therapy had been started without any improvement.
T18 2086-2209 Sentence denotes A previous diagnosis of cellulitis had been made, and systemic antibiotic therapy had been started without any improvement.
TextSentencer_T19 2210-2303 Sentence denotes Based on the clinical features and the patient medical history, a punch biopsy was performed.
T19 2210-2303 Sentence denotes Based on the clinical features and the patient medical history, a punch biopsy was performed.
TextSentencer_T20 2304-2444 Sentence denotes Examination of skin biopsy showed a diffuse, sclerotic, and mixoid stroma with several dense ectatic lymphatic vessels (Figure 7, Figure 8).
T20 2304-2444 Sentence denotes Examination of skin biopsy showed a diffuse, sclerotic, and mixoid stroma with several dense ectatic lymphatic vessels (Figure 7, Figure 8).
TextSentencer_T21 2445-2522 Sentence denotes The dermal and hypodermal lymphatic lumens were filled with neoplastic cells.
T21 2445-2522 Sentence denotes The dermal and hypodermal lymphatic lumens were filled with neoplastic cells.
TextSentencer_T22 2523-2603 Sentence denotes Thus, a diagnosis of cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa (CLC) was established.
T22 2523-2603 Sentence denotes Thus, a diagnosis of cutaneous lymphangitis carcinomatosa (CLC) was established.
TextSentencer_T23 2604-2651 Sentence denotes Unfortunately, the patient died after 8 months.
T23 2604-2651 Sentence denotes Unfortunately, the patient died after 8 months.
TextSentencer_T24 2652-2855 Sentence denotes Discussion CM are present after breast carcinoma in about 23.9% of patients, often involving the chest and abdomen and manifesting on average 5 years after surgical removal of the first malignancy (1,6).
T24 2652-2855 Sentence denotes Discussion CM are present after breast carcinoma in about 23.9% of patients, often involving the chest and abdomen and manifesting on average 5 years after surgical removal of the first malignancy (1,6).
TextSentencer_T25 2856-2966 Sentence denotes CM of breast cancer are usually solitary or multiple nodular pinkish lesions (ranging between 1 and 3 cm) (1).
T25 2856-2966 Sentence denotes CM of breast cancer are usually solitary or multiple nodular pinkish lesions (ranging between 1 and 3 cm) (1).
TextSentencer_T26 2967-3234 Sentence denotes However, several clinical features have been reported in the literature, including telangiectatic carcinoma, erythema-like, erythema annulare centrifugum-like, morphea-like, erysipelas-like, dermatofibroma-like, herpes-zoster-like, and alopecia-like lesions (1,7-10).
T26 2967-3234 Sentence denotes However, several clinical features have been reported in the literature, including telangiectatic carcinoma, erythema-like, erythema annulare centrifugum-like, morphea-like, erysipelas-like, dermatofibroma-like, herpes-zoster-like, and alopecia-like lesions (1,7-10).
TextSentencer_T27 3235-3762 Sentence denotes Clinical and pathological images of folliculitis-like metastases are rarely reported in the literature, especially after breast cancer (11,13) Clinically, folliculitis-like metastases could resemble a zosteriform-like metastatic lesion (7,14,15) although they do not follow a dermatome and are pustular lesions rather than violaceous indurate papules and/or nodules (13,14) Pathologically, our cases showed an infiltration of the dermis and pilosebaceous units growing through the pilosebaceous unit in a "pseudo-eruptive way".
T27 3235-3762 Sentence denotes Clinical and pathological images of folliculitis-like metastases are rarely reported in the literature, especially after breast cancer (11,13) Clinically, folliculitis-like metastases could resemble a zosteriform-like metastatic lesion (7,14,15) although they do not follow a dermatome and are pustular lesions rather than violaceous indurate papules and/or nodules (13,14) Pathologically, our cases showed an infiltration of the dermis and pilosebaceous units growing through the pilosebaceous unit in a "pseudo-eruptive way".
TextSentencer_T28 3763-3965 Sentence denotes In this regard, folliculitis-like CM could be similar to alopecia neoplastica, where the metastatic process involves and destroys the pilosebaceous units completely, leading to scarring alopecia (9,10).
T28 3763-3965 Sentence denotes In this regard, folliculitis-like CM could be similar to alopecia neoplastica, where the metastatic process involves and destroys the pilosebaceous units completely, leading to scarring alopecia (9,10).
TextSentencer_T29 3966-4092 Sentence denotes However, in our case, the pilosebaceous unit was still slightly recognizable, and clinically there were no scar-like features.
T29 3966-4092 Sentence denotes However, in our case, the pilosebaceous unit was still slightly recognizable, and clinically there were no scar-like features.
TextSentencer_T30 4093-4170 Sentence denotes The mechanism of folliculitis-like metastasis formation is currently unknown.
T30 4093-4170 Sentence denotes The mechanism of folliculitis-like metastasis formation is currently unknown.
TextSentencer_T31 4171-4388 Sentence denotes As reported in zosteriform-like metastases, the lymphatic and hematogenous spread of malignant cells or the koebnerization at the site of a previous viral and/or bacterial infection could lead to metastasis (7,14-16).
T31 4171-4388 Sentence denotes As reported in zosteriform-like metastases, the lymphatic and hematogenous spread of malignant cells or the koebnerization at the site of a previous viral and/or bacterial infection could lead to metastasis (7,14-16).
TextSentencer_T32 4389-4604 Sentence denotes However, unlike zosteriform-like metastases, the spread of neoplastic cells from the dorsal root ganglia was not a plausible mechanism of metastasization in our cases because of the absence of dermatome involvement.
T32 4389-4604 Sentence denotes However, unlike zosteriform-like metastases, the spread of neoplastic cells from the dorsal root ganglia was not a plausible mechanism of metastasization in our cases because of the absence of dermatome involvement.
TextSentencer_T33 4605-4892 Sentence denotes Furthermore, there were no signs of possible koebnerization in a previous bacterial and/or viral infection site (7,13) In our opinion, folliculitis-like metastasis may be a result of the skin extruding malignant cells through the pilosebaceous unit to limit the neopalstic proliferation.
T33 4605-4892 Sentence denotes Furthermore, there were no signs of possible koebnerization in a previous bacterial and/or viral infection site (7,13) In our opinion, folliculitis-like metastasis may be a result of the skin extruding malignant cells through the pilosebaceous unit to limit the neopalstic proliferation.
TextSentencer_T34 4893-4983 Sentence denotes This could explain the clinical and pathological features of folliculitis-like metastasis.
T34 4893-4983 Sentence denotes This could explain the clinical and pathological features of folliculitis-like metastasis.
TextSentencer_T35 4984-5238 Sentence denotes Alternatively, the adnexotropic behavior of malignant cells may be explained by homing mechanisms, involving the up-regulation of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on the follicular epithelium, such as folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (17).
T35 4984-5238 Sentence denotes Alternatively, the adnexotropic behavior of malignant cells may be explained by homing mechanisms, involving the up-regulation of the intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1) on the follicular epithelium, such as folliculotropic mycosis fungoides (17).
TextSentencer_T36 5239-5358 Sentence denotes In our patient, the folliculitis-like eruption was the first sign of recurrence after 5 years of disease-free survival.
T36 5239-5358 Sentence denotes In our patient, the folliculitis-like eruption was the first sign of recurrence after 5 years of disease-free survival.
TextSentencer_T37 5359-5455 Sentence denotes It is evident that the unusual folliculitis-like eruption of CM led to a delay in the diagnosis.
T37 5359-5455 Sentence denotes It is evident that the unusual folliculitis-like eruption of CM led to a delay in the diagnosis.
TextSentencer_T38 5456-5586 Sentence denotes CLC is a rare presentation of skin metastasis, characterized by an occlusion of dermic lymphatic vessels by neoplastic cells (18).
T38 5456-5586 Sentence denotes CLC is a rare presentation of skin metastasis, characterized by an occlusion of dermic lymphatic vessels by neoplastic cells (18).
TextSentencer_T39 5587-5717 Sentence denotes CLC has been reported in the literature in association with several malignancies, including lung, breast, and ovarian cancer (19).
T39 5587-5717 Sentence denotes CLC has been reported in the literature in association with several malignancies, including lung, breast, and ovarian cancer (19).
TextSentencer_T40 5718-5838 Sentence denotes CLC shows pink/violet macular lesions with diffuse telangiectasias, often associated with itching and burning sensation.
T40 5718-5838 Sentence denotes CLC shows pink/violet macular lesions with diffuse telangiectasias, often associated with itching and burning sensation.
TextSentencer_T41 5839-5901 Sentence denotes The main differential diagnoses are erysipelas and cellulitis.
T41 5839-5901 Sentence denotes The main differential diagnoses are erysipelas and cellulitis.
TextSentencer_T42 5902-5970 Sentence denotes However, CLC is not associated with fever, chills, and leukocytosis.
T42 5902-5970 Sentence denotes However, CLC is not associated with fever, chills, and leukocytosis.
TextSentencer_T43 5971-6030 Sentence denotes Furthermore, CLC shows no response to antibiotic therapies.
T43 5971-6030 Sentence denotes Furthermore, CLC shows no response to antibiotic therapies.
TextSentencer_T44 6031-6220 Sentence denotes Several clinicopathological types of cutaneous metastasis have been reported in the literature, including telangiectatic metastatic breast carcinoma (TMBC) and carcinoma erysipelatous (CE).
T44 6031-6220 Sentence denotes Several clinicopathological types of cutaneous metastasis have been reported in the literature, including telangiectatic metastatic breast carcinoma (TMBC) and carcinoma erysipelatous (CE).
TextSentencer_T45 6221-6303 Sentence denotes TMBC is characterized by yellowish/reddish or violaceous papulo-vesicular lesions.
T45 6221-6303 Sentence denotes TMBC is characterized by yellowish/reddish or violaceous papulo-vesicular lesions.
TextSentencer_T46 6304-6377 Sentence denotes CE usually shows blistering erythematous eruptions resembling erysipelas.
T46 6304-6377 Sentence denotes CE usually shows blistering erythematous eruptions resembling erysipelas.
TextSentencer_T47 6378-6554 Sentence denotes However, CLC, TMBC, and CE are different clinical expressions of the same metastatic process, pathologically characterized by edema of the dermis and ectatic lymphatic vessels.
T47 6378-6554 Sentence denotes However, CLC, TMBC, and CE are different clinical expressions of the same metastatic process, pathologically characterized by edema of the dermis and ectatic lymphatic vessels.
TextSentencer_T48 6555-6689 Sentence denotes Positivity to CD31 and podoplanin in the endothelial cells shows that the tumor metastatises predominantly via lymphatic vessels (20).
T48 6555-6689 Sentence denotes Positivity to CD31 and podoplanin in the endothelial cells shows that the tumor metastatises predominantly via lymphatic vessels (20).
TextSentencer_T49 6690-6830 Sentence denotes In conclusion, we stress that every cutaneous lesion should be studied and examined carefully in patients with a personal history of cancer.
T49 6690-6830 Sentence denotes In conclusion, we stress that every cutaneous lesion should be studied and examined carefully in patients with a personal history of cancer.
TextSentencer_T50 6831-6927 Sentence denotes Indeed, a correct diagnosis remains the pivotal point for a better management of these patients.
T50 6831-6927 Sentence denotes Indeed, a correct diagnosis remains the pivotal point for a better management of these patients.