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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
TextSentencer_T1 0-68 Sentence denotes Generalized Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Ulcerative Colitis:
T1 0-68 Sentence denotes Generalized Pyoderma Gangrenosum Associated with Ulcerative Colitis:
TextSentencer_T2 69-123 Sentence denotes Successful Treatment with Infliximab and Azathioprine.
T2 69-123 Sentence denotes Successful Treatment with Infliximab and Azathioprine.
TextSentencer_T3 124-255 Sentence denotes Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative skin disease, part of the spectrum of neutrophilic and auto-inflammatory dermatoses.
T3 124-255 Sentence denotes Pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) is a rare ulcerative skin disease, part of the spectrum of neutrophilic and auto-inflammatory dermatoses.
TextSentencer_T4 256-331 Sentence denotes Its pathogenesis is unknown, although immune pathways have been implicated.
T4 256-331 Sentence denotes Its pathogenesis is unknown, although immune pathways have been implicated.
TextSentencer_T5 332-393 Sentence denotes Lesion biopsies show a predominantly neutrophilic infiltrate.
T5 332-393 Sentence denotes Lesion biopsies show a predominantly neutrophilic infiltrate.
TextSentencer_T6 394-595 Sentence denotes The incidence of PG is uncertain, but it is estimated to be 3-10 per million per year, occurring at any age but most commonly between 20 and 50 years with a possible slightly higher incidence in women.
T6 394-595 Sentence denotes The incidence of PG is uncertain, but it is estimated to be 3-10 per million per year, occurring at any age but most commonly between 20 and 50 years with a possible slightly higher incidence in women.
TextSentencer_T7 596-679 Sentence denotes Approximately 50% of patients with PG also have another disease associated with PG.
T7 596-679 Sentence denotes Approximately 50% of patients with PG also have another disease associated with PG.
TextSentencer_T8 680-782 Sentence denotes The most common is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's and ulcerative colitis (UC).
T8 680-782 Sentence denotes The most common is inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), particularly Crohn's and ulcerative colitis (UC).
TextSentencer_T9 783-907 Sentence denotes Local treatment may be sufficient for mild cases, while for severe cases systemic immunosuppressants are the mainstay (1,2).
T9 783-907 Sentence denotes Local treatment may be sufficient for mild cases, while for severe cases systemic immunosuppressants are the mainstay (1,2).
TextSentencer_T10 908-1017 Sentence denotes We report the case of a patient with bullous PG and UC successfully treated with infliximab and azathioprine.
T10 908-1017 Sentence denotes We report the case of a patient with bullous PG and UC successfully treated with infliximab and azathioprine.
TextSentencer_T11 1018-1239 Sentence denotes A 32-year-old male Caucasian patient presented with painful violaceous vesicles and enlarging bullae of various sizes and with acute onset, located on the trunk and bilaterally on both the lower and the upper extremities.
T11 1018-1239 Sentence denotes A 32-year-old male Caucasian patient presented with painful violaceous vesicles and enlarging bullae of various sizes and with acute onset, located on the trunk and bilaterally on both the lower and the upper extremities.
TextSentencer_T12 1240-1350 Sentence denotes Lesions on the trunk were composed of hemorrhagic pustules with a surrounding erythematous overhanging border.
T12 1240-1350 Sentence denotes Lesions on the trunk were composed of hemorrhagic pustules with a surrounding erythematous overhanging border.
TextSentencer_T13 1351-1433 Sentence denotes Some of the lesions had undergone central necrosis and ulceration (Figure 1, a-d).
T13 1351-1433 Sentence denotes Some of the lesions had undergone central necrosis and ulceration (Figure 1, a-d).
TextSentencer_T14 1434-1631 Sentence denotes The patient reported of the lesions had appeared one week ago, simultaneously with the exacerbation of a known inflammatory bowel disease with hemorrhagic mucoid diarrhea and fever of up to 38.5°C.
T14 1434-1631 Sentence denotes The patient reported of the lesions had appeared one week ago, simultaneously with the exacerbation of a known inflammatory bowel disease with hemorrhagic mucoid diarrhea and fever of up to 38.5°C.
TextSentencer_T15 1632-1881 Sentence denotes The patient's medical history included UC affecting the whole colon (pancolitis), diagnosed 5 months prior to the onset of the epidermal lesions, for which the patient was receiving treatment with oral prednisolone 10 mg/day and mesalazine granules.
T15 1632-1881 Sentence denotes The patient's medical history included UC affecting the whole colon (pancolitis), diagnosed 5 months prior to the onset of the epidermal lesions, for which the patient was receiving treatment with oral prednisolone 10 mg/day and mesalazine granules.
TextSentencer_T16 1882-2018 Sentence denotes Blood tests showed severe anemia, leukocytosis, and increased inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
T16 1882-2018 Sentence denotes Blood tests showed severe anemia, leukocytosis, and increased inflammatory markers (C-reactive protein, erythrocyte sedimentation rate).
TextSentencer_T17 2019-2264 Sentence denotes Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) andtibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (cANCA), perinuclear neutrophil antibodies (p-ANCA), antiphospholipid antibodies, and tumor markers were within normal limits.
T17 2019-2264 Sentence denotes Antinuclear antibodies (ANA), anti-double stranded DNA (anti-dsDNA) andtibodies, antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibodies (cANCA), perinuclear neutrophil antibodies (p-ANCA), antiphospholipid antibodies, and tumor markers were within normal limits.
TextSentencer_T18 2265-2371 Sentence denotes The patient was negative for cryoglobulins, viral hepatitis (B, C) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
T18 2265-2371 Sentence denotes The patient was negative for cryoglobulins, viral hepatitis (B, C) and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
TextSentencer_T19 2372-2401 Sentence denotes Blood cultures were negative.
T19 2372-2401 Sentence denotes Blood cultures were negative.
TextSentencer_T20 2402-2475 Sentence denotes Microscopy and cultures for mycobacteria and fungi gave negative results.
T20 2402-2475 Sentence denotes Microscopy and cultures for mycobacteria and fungi gave negative results.
TextSentencer_T21 2476-2528 Sentence denotes Stool samples tested negative for infections agents.
T21 2476-2528 Sentence denotes Stool samples tested negative for infections agents.
TextSentencer_T22 2529-2564 Sentence denotes The Mantoux skin test was negative.
T22 2529-2564 Sentence denotes The Mantoux skin test was negative.
TextSentencer_T23 2565-2698 Sentence denotes Colonoscopy showed severe pancolitis, and biopsies from the rectum and sigmoid colon were consistent with chronic ulcerative colitis.
T23 2565-2698 Sentence denotes Colonoscopy showed severe pancolitis, and biopsies from the rectum and sigmoid colon were consistent with chronic ulcerative colitis.
TextSentencer_T24 2699-2790 Sentence denotes Abdominal ultrasound and chest and abdominal X-rays did not result in significant findings.
T24 2699-2790 Sentence denotes Abdominal ultrasound and chest and abdominal X-rays did not result in significant findings.
TextSentencer_T25 2791-2859 Sentence denotes Because of severe anemia, the patient received 2 blood transfusions.
T25 2791-2859 Sentence denotes Because of severe anemia, the patient received 2 blood transfusions.
TextSentencer_T26 2860-3017 Sentence denotes The histopathologic examination carried out on the erythematous border of a lesion on the lower leg showed a neutrophilic infiltrate, confined to the dermis.
T26 2860-3017 Sentence denotes The histopathologic examination carried out on the erythematous border of a lesion on the lower leg showed a neutrophilic infiltrate, confined to the dermis.
TextSentencer_T27 3018-3089 Sentence denotes On the basis of clinical findings, the diagnosis of PG was established.
T27 3018-3089 Sentence denotes On the basis of clinical findings, the diagnosis of PG was established.
TextSentencer_T28 3090-3168 Sentence denotes Topical wound care consisted of local wound care and a topical corticosteroid.
T28 3090-3168 Sentence denotes Topical wound care consisted of local wound care and a topical corticosteroid.
TextSentencer_T29 3169-3314 Sentence denotes Systemic therapy was initiated with 40 mg/day methylprednisolone for 7 days, 30 mg/day for 7 days, then 25 mg/day, and then tapered down further.
T29 3169-3314 Sentence denotes Systemic therapy was initiated with 40 mg/day methylprednisolone for 7 days, 30 mg/day for 7 days, then 25 mg/day, and then tapered down further.
TextSentencer_T30 3315-3422 Sentence denotes The patient received an infusion of infliximab 7.5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and every 8 weeks thereafter.
T30 3315-3422 Sentence denotes The patient received an infusion of infliximab 7.5 mg/kg at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and every 8 weeks thereafter.
TextSentencer_T31 3423-3498 Sentence denotes After week 2, oral azathioprine 2.5 mg/kg daily was added to the treatment.
T31 3423-3498 Sentence denotes After week 2, oral azathioprine 2.5 mg/kg daily was added to the treatment.
TextSentencer_T32 3499-3588 Sentence denotes The patient also received mesalazine tablets (2 g ×2/day) and mesalazine enema (1-2/day).
T32 3499-3588 Sentence denotes The patient also received mesalazine tablets (2 g ×2/day) and mesalazine enema (1-2/day).
TextSentencer_T33 3589-3676 Sentence denotes The patient showed good response to treatment, with clinical remission of skin lesions.
T33 3589-3676 Sentence denotes The patient showed good response to treatment, with clinical remission of skin lesions.
TextSentencer_T34 3677-3749 Sentence denotes Lesions healed with characteristic thin, atrophic scars (Figure 2, a-d).
T34 3677-3749 Sentence denotes Lesions healed with characteristic thin, atrophic scars (Figure 2, a-d).
TextSentencer_T35 3750-3891 Sentence denotes At 7-month follow-up the patient was continuing with infusions of infliximab 7.5 mg/kg and azathioprine 2.5 mg/kg and was still in remission.
T35 3750-3891 Sentence denotes At 7-month follow-up the patient was continuing with infusions of infliximab 7.5 mg/kg and azathioprine 2.5 mg/kg and was still in remission.
TextSentencer_T36 3892-4010 Sentence denotes We reported our experience with a case of generalized bullous pyoderma gangrenosum associated with ulcerative colitis.
T36 3892-4010 Sentence denotes We reported our experience with a case of generalized bullous pyoderma gangrenosum associated with ulcerative colitis.
TextSentencer_T37 4011-4057 Sentence denotes Generalized pyoderma gangrenosum is very rare.
T37 4011-4057 Sentence denotes Generalized pyoderma gangrenosum is very rare.
TextSentencer_T38 4058-4137 Sentence denotes Bullous or atypical PG was first described by Perry and Winklemann in 1972 (1).
T38 4058-4137 Sentence denotes Bullous or atypical PG was first described by Perry and Winklemann in 1972 (1).
TextSentencer_T39 4138-4261 Sentence denotes Brunsting et al. coined the term pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) to describe a series of patients with recurrent ulcerations (3).
T39 4138-4261 Sentence denotes Brunsting et al. coined the term pyoderma gangrenosum (PG) to describe a series of patients with recurrent ulcerations (3).
TextSentencer_T40 4262-4305 Sentence denotes The incidence of this disease is uncertain.
T40 4262-4305 Sentence denotes The incidence of this disease is uncertain.
TextSentencer_T41 4306-4386 Sentence denotes Its pathogenesis is unknown, but an immunological background has been suggested.
T41 4306-4386 Sentence denotes Its pathogenesis is unknown, but an immunological background has been suggested.
TextSentencer_T42 4387-4517 Sentence denotes In approximately 50% of patients, an underlying immunological disease is present, commonly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (4-6).
T42 4387-4517 Sentence denotes In approximately 50% of patients, an underlying immunological disease is present, commonly inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) (4-6).
TextSentencer_T43 4518-4606 Sentence denotes In larger series of patients with PG, approximately 50% present with a primary disorder.
T43 4518-4606 Sentence denotes In larger series of patients with PG, approximately 50% present with a primary disorder.
TextSentencer_T44 4607-4654 Sentence denotes Ulcerative colitis is found in 10-15% of cases.
T44 4607-4654 Sentence denotes Ulcerative colitis is found in 10-15% of cases.
TextSentencer_T45 4655-4708 Sentence denotes Crohn's disease is associated with PG closed than UC.
T45 4655-4708 Sentence denotes Crohn's disease is associated with PG closed than UC.
TextSentencer_T46 4709-4776 Sentence denotes Less than 3% of patients with Crohn's disease or UC develop PG (6).
T46 4709-4776 Sentence denotes Less than 3% of patients with Crohn's disease or UC develop PG (6).
TextSentencer_T47 4777-4863 Sentence denotes PG is characterized by cutaneous ulcerations with mucopurulent or hemorrhagic exudate.
T47 4777-4863 Sentence denotes PG is characterized by cutaneous ulcerations with mucopurulent or hemorrhagic exudate.
TextSentencer_T48 4864-4962 Sentence denotes It begins as an inflammatory pustule with a surrounding halo that enlarges and begins to ulcerate.
T48 4864-4962 Sentence denotes It begins as an inflammatory pustule with a surrounding halo that enlarges and begins to ulcerate.
TextSentencer_T49 4963-5054 Sentence denotes These very painful ulcers present with undermined bluish borders with surrounding erythema.
T49 4963-5054 Sentence denotes These very painful ulcers present with undermined bluish borders with surrounding erythema.
TextSentencer_T50 5055-5146 Sentence denotes The lesions of PG most commonly occur on the legs, but they may occur anywhere on the body.
T50 5055-5146 Sentence denotes The lesions of PG most commonly occur on the legs, but they may occur anywhere on the body.
TextSentencer_T51 5147-5197 Sentence denotes The clinical picture of PG is very characteristic.
T51 5147-5197 Sentence denotes The clinical picture of PG is very characteristic.
TextSentencer_T52 5198-5344 Sentence denotes Therefore the diagnosis of PG is based firstly on clinical signs and on the patient's history of underlying diseases and then supported by biopsy.
T52 5198-5344 Sentence denotes Therefore the diagnosis of PG is based firstly on clinical signs and on the patient's history of underlying diseases and then supported by biopsy.
TextSentencer_T53 5345-5404 Sentence denotes PG has four distinctive clinical and histological variants.
T53 5345-5404 Sentence denotes PG has four distinctive clinical and histological variants.
TextSentencer_T54 5405-5517 Sentence denotes Some have morphological and histological features that overlap with other reactive neutrophilic skin conditions.
T54 5405-5517 Sentence denotes Some have morphological and histological features that overlap with other reactive neutrophilic skin conditions.
TextSentencer_T55 5518-5567 Sentence denotes There are no diagnostic serologic features (6,7).
T55 5518-5567 Sentence denotes There are no diagnostic serologic features (6,7).
TextSentencer_T56 5568-5679 Sentence denotes There is no evidence that the efficacy of treatment strategies for PG differs between IBD and non-IBD patients.
T56 5568-5679 Sentence denotes There is no evidence that the efficacy of treatment strategies for PG differs between IBD and non-IBD patients.
TextSentencer_T57 5680-5780 Sentence denotes For patients with a diffuse disease or rapidly progressive process, systemic treatment is essential.
T57 5680-5780 Sentence denotes For patients with a diffuse disease or rapidly progressive process, systemic treatment is essential.
TextSentencer_T58 5781-5828 Sentence denotes Immunosuppression is the mainstay of treatment.
T58 5781-5828 Sentence denotes Immunosuppression is the mainstay of treatment.
TextSentencer_T59 5829-5936 Sentence denotes Traditionally, the most commonly used drugs with the best clinical experience are systemic corticosteroids.
T59 5829-5936 Sentence denotes Traditionally, the most commonly used drugs with the best clinical experience are systemic corticosteroids.
TextSentencer_T60 5937-6004 Sentence denotes Corticosteroids have been considered as first line treatment (6,8).
T60 5937-6004 Sentence denotes Corticosteroids have been considered as first line treatment (6,8).
TextSentencer_T61 6005-6232 Sentence denotes As reported by the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) in 2008, an evidence-based consensus on the management of special situations in patients with ulcerative colitis, systemic corticosteroids are recommended (9).
T61 6005-6232 Sentence denotes As reported by the European Crohn's and Colitis Organisation (ECCO) in 2008, an evidence-based consensus on the management of special situations in patients with ulcerative colitis, systemic corticosteroids are recommended (9).
TextSentencer_T62 6233-6412 Sentence denotes Treatment with corticosteroids (e.g. prednisolone 1-2 mg per kg/day or pulse therapy with 1 g of methylprednisolone) aims to prevent progression and rapidly stop inflammation (6).
T62 6233-6412 Sentence denotes Treatment with corticosteroids (e.g. prednisolone 1-2 mg per kg/day or pulse therapy with 1 g of methylprednisolone) aims to prevent progression and rapidly stop inflammation (6).
TextSentencer_T63 6413-6508 Sentence denotes Additional mesalamine and corticosteroids may be effective in patients with bowel disease (10).
T63 6413-6508 Sentence denotes Additional mesalamine and corticosteroids may be effective in patients with bowel disease (10).
TextSentencer_T64 6509-6659 Sentence denotes In recent years, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, such as infliximab and adalimumab, were reported to be effective for PG associated with IBD.
T64 6509-6659 Sentence denotes In recent years, tumor necrosis alpha (TNF-α) inhibitors, such as infliximab and adalimumab, were reported to be effective for PG associated with IBD.
TextSentencer_T65 6660-6802 Sentence denotes These drugs block the biological activity of TNF-α, which effects regulatory T cells, restoring their capacity to inhibit cytokine production.
T65 6660-6802 Sentence denotes These drugs block the biological activity of TNF-α, which effects regulatory T cells, restoring their capacity to inhibit cytokine production.
TextSentencer_T66 6803-6913 Sentence denotes The TNF-α inhibitors thus suppress the inflammatory processes that is involved in the pathogenesis of PG (11).
T66 6803-6913 Sentence denotes The TNF-α inhibitors thus suppress the inflammatory processes that is involved in the pathogenesis of PG (11).
TextSentencer_T67 6914-7055 Sentence denotes Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, is given by infusion at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and then every 8 weeks, usually at a dosage of 5 mg/kg.
T67 6914-7055 Sentence denotes Infliximab, a chimeric monoclonal antibody, is given by infusion at weeks 0, 2, and 6 and then every 8 weeks, usually at a dosage of 5 mg/kg.
TextSentencer_T68 7056-7239 Sentence denotes UC of patients with frequent disease relapse or those that are resistant or dependent on corticosteroids is often treated with purine antimetabolites, such as azathioprine (AZA) (10).
T68 7056-7239 Sentence denotes UC of patients with frequent disease relapse or those that are resistant or dependent on corticosteroids is often treated with purine antimetabolites, such as azathioprine (AZA) (10).
TextSentencer_T69 7240-7337 Sentence denotes AZA, a purine antimetabolite (2.5 mg per kg/day) is administered for its steroid-sparing effects.
T69 7240-7337 Sentence denotes AZA, a purine antimetabolite (2.5 mg per kg/day) is administered for its steroid-sparing effects.
TextSentencer_T70 7338-7385 Sentence denotes The response occurs after 2 to 4 weeks (6, 10).
T70 7338-7385 Sentence denotes The response occurs after 2 to 4 weeks (6, 10).
TextSentencer_T71 7386-7422 Sentence denotes Infliximab can be combined with AZA.
T71 7386-7422 Sentence denotes Infliximab can be combined with AZA.
TextSentencer_T72 7423-7591 Sentence denotes Patients with UC treated with infliximab plus AZA were more likely to achieve corticosteroid-free remission at 16 weeks than those receiving either monotherapy (10,12).
T72 7423-7591 Sentence denotes Patients with UC treated with infliximab plus AZA were more likely to achieve corticosteroid-free remission at 16 weeks than those receiving either monotherapy (10,12).