Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T1 |
0-135 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The ubiquitin-protein ligase Nedd4-2 differentially interacts with and regulates members of the Tweety family of chloride ion channels. |
T2 |
136-291 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The Tweety proteins comprise a family of chloride ion channels with three members identified in humans (TTYH1-3) and orthologues in fly and murine species. |
T3 |
292-431 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In humans, increased TTYH2 expression is associated with cancer progression, whereas fly Tweety is associated with developmental processes. |
T4 |
432-715 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Structurally, Tweety proteins are characterized by five membrane-spanning domains and N-glycan modifications important for trafficking to the plasma membrane, where these proteins are oriented with the amino terminus located extracellularly and the carboxyl terminus cytoplasmically. |
T5 |
716-894 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In addition to N-glycosylation, ubiquitination mediated by the HECT type E3 ubiquitin ligase Nedd4-2 is a post-translation modification important in regulating membrane proteins. |
T6 |
895-1067 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the present study, we performed a comprehensive analysis of the ability of each of TTYH1-3 to interact with Nedd4-2 and to be ubiquitinated and regulated by this ligase. |
T7 |
1068-1274 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Our data indicate that Nedd4-2 binds to two family members, TTYH2 and TTYH3, which contain consensus PY ((L/P)PXY) binding sites for HECT type E3 ubiquitin ligases, but not to TTYH1, which lacks this motif. |
T8 |
1275-1332 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consistently, Nedd4-2 ubiquitinates both TTYH2 and TTYH3. |
T9 |
1333-1492 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Importantly, we have shown that endogenous TTYH2 and Nedd4-2 are binding partners and demonstrated that the TTYH2 PY motif is essential for these interactions. |
T10 |
1493-1640 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We have also shown that Nedd4-2-mediated ubiquitination of TTYH2 is a critical regulator of cell surface and total cellular levels of this protein. |
T11 |
1641-1831 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These data, indicating that Nedd4-2 differentially interacts with and regulates TTYH1-3, will be important for understanding mechanisms controlling Tweety proteins in physiology and disease. |