| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-53 |
Sentence |
denotes |
9-O-acetylation of exogenously added ganglioside GD3. |
| T2 |
54-111 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The GD3 molecule induces its own O-acetylation machinery. |
| T3 |
112-215 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sialic acids are sometimes 9-O-acetylated in a developmentally regulated and cell-type-specific manner. |
| T4 |
216-418 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Cells naturally expressing the disialoganglioside GD3 often O-acetylate the terminal sialic acid residue, giving 9-O-acetyl-GD3 (9AcGD3), a marker of neural differentiation and malignant transformation. |
| T5 |
419-563 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We also reported that Chinese hamster ovary cells transfected with GD3 synthase can spontaneously O-acetylate some of the newly synthesized GD3. |
| T6 |
564-746 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It is unclear whether such phenomena result from induction of the 9-O-acetylation machinery and whether induction is caused by the GD3 synthase protein or by the GD3 molecule itself. |
| T7 |
747-911 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We now show that exogenously added GD3 rapidly incorporates into the plasma membrane of Chinese hamster ovary cells, and 9AcGD3 is detected after approximately 6 h. |
| T8 |
912-1001 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The incorporated GD3 and newly synthesized 9AcGD3 have a half-life of approximately 24 h. |
| T9 |
1002-1086 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This phenomenon is also seen in other cell types, such as human diploid fibroblasts. |
| T10 |
1087-1265 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inhibitors of gene transcription, protein translation, or endoplasmic reticulum-to-Golgi transport each prevent induction of 9-O-acetylation, without affecting GD3 incorporation. |
| T11 |
1266-1390 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Inhibition of the initial clathrin-independent internalization of incorporated GD3 also blocks induction of 9-O-acetylation. |
| T12 |
1391-1525 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, new synthesis of one or more components of the 9-O-acetylation machinery is induced by incorporation and internalization of GD3. |
| T13 |
1526-1709 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Prepriming with structurally related gangliosides fails to accelerate the onset of 9-O-acetylation of subsequently added GD3, indicating a requirement for specific recognition of GD3. |
| T14 |
1710-1969 |
Sentence |
denotes |
To our knowledge, this is the first example wherein a newly expressed or exogenously introduced ganglioside induces de novo synthesis of an enzymatic machinery to modify itself, and the first evidence for a mechanism of induction of sialic acid O-acetylation. |
