Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
S1 |
0-106 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The regulation of HIV by retinoic acid correlates with cellular expression of the retinoic acid receptors. |
S2 |
107-296 |
Sentence |
denotes |
OBJECTIVES: To analyze the effect of retinoic acids (RA) on HIV-1 expression and correlate this effect with expression levels of RA receptors (RARs) in T-lymphoid and monocytoid cell lines. |
S3 |
297-485 |
Sentence |
denotes |
DESIGN AND METHODS: The effect of all-trans and 9-cis RA on HIV-1 production in T-lymphoid (H9, CEM) and monocytoid (U937,THP-1) cell lines was measured during acute and chronic infection. |
S4 |
486-684 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The expression levels of human RAR alpha (hRAR alpha, receptor for all-trans RA) and the human retinoid-X receptor alpha (hRXR alpha receptor for 9-cis RA) were determined by Northern blot analysis. |
S5 |
685-879 |
Sentence |
denotes |
RESULTS: Both all-trans and 9-cis RA inhibited virus replication in HIV-1 IIIB-infected monocytoid cells, in the presence and absence of the co-stimulatory agent phorbol myristate acetate (PMA). |
S6 |
880-963 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The retinoids had weak or no stimulatory effects on HIV production by T-cell lines. |
S7 |
964-1043 |
Sentence |
denotes |
HIV production by PMA-stimulated T-cell lines was inhibited by these retinoids. |
S8 |
1044-1206 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The 9-cis RA was generally more effective than all-trans RA in inhibiting HIV production and in combination generally more effective than the single agents alone. |
S9 |
1207-1303 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Human RAR alpha was expressed in H9, U937 and THP-1 cells, but almost undetectable in CEM cells. |
S10 |
1304-1434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Human RXR alpha was significantly expressed in U937 and THP-1 cells, weakly expressed in H9 cells and not detectable in CEM cells. |
S11 |
1435-1534 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After stimulation by PMA, RXR alpha expression increased in H9 and U937 cells but not in CEM cells. |
S12 |
1535-1647 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Human RAR alpha expression was unchanged in H9 and CEM cells, and elevated in U937 cells, after PMA stimulation. |
S13 |
1648-1779 |
Sentence |
denotes |
CONCLUSION: The effect of RA on HIV-1 expression was cell-type-dependent and partially correlated with cellular expression of RARs. |
S14 |
1780-1868 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Endogenous or exogenously administered RA may have a significant role in HIV regulation. |