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PMC:549712 / 121-1883 JSONTXT 4 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T286 0-10 sentence denotes Background
T287 0-10 NN denotes Background
T288 10-122 sentence denotes Phagocytosis of apoptotic cells is fundamental to animal development, immune function and cellular homeostasis.
T289 11-23 NN denotes Phagocytosis
T291 24-26 IN denotes of
T292 27-36 JJ denotes apoptotic
T293 37-42 NNS denotes cells
T290 43-45 VBZ denotes is
T294 46-57 JJ denotes fundamental
T295 58-60 IN denotes to
T296 61-67 NN denotes animal
T297 68-79 NN denotes development
T298 79-81 , denotes ,
T299 81-87 JJ denotes immune
T300 88-96 NN denotes function
T301 97-100 CC denotes and
T302 101-109 JJ denotes cellular
T303 110-121 NN denotes homeostasis
T304 121-122 . denotes .
T305 122-285 sentence denotes The phosphatidylserine receptor (Ptdsr) on phagocytes has been implicated in the recognition and engulfment of apoptotic cells and in anti-inflammatory signaling.
T306 123-126 DT denotes The
T308 127-145 NN denotes phosphatidylserine
T307 146-154 NN denotes receptor
T310 155-156 -LRB- denotes (
T311 156-161 NN denotes Ptdsr
T312 161-162 -RRB- denotes )
T313 163-165 IN denotes on
T314 166-176 NNS denotes phagocytes
T315 177-180 VBZ denotes has
T316 181-185 VBN denotes been
T309 186-196 VBN denotes implicated
T317 197-199 IN denotes in
T318 200-203 DT denotes the
T319 204-215 NN denotes recognition
T320 216-219 CC denotes and
T321 220-230 NN denotes engulfment
T322 231-233 IN denotes of
T323 234-243 JJ denotes apoptotic
T324 244-249 NNS denotes cells
T325 250-253 CC denotes and
T326 254-256 IN denotes in
T327 257-274 JJ denotes anti-inflammatory
T328 275-284 NN denotes signaling
T329 284-285 . denotes .
T330 285-410 sentence denotes To determine the biological function of the phosphatidylserine receptor in vivo, we inactivated the Ptdsr gene in the mouse.
T331 286-288 TO denotes To
T332 289-298 VB denotes determine
T334 299-302 DT denotes the
T336 303-313 JJ denotes biological
T335 314-322 NN denotes function
T337 323-325 IN denotes of
T338 326-329 DT denotes the
T340 330-348 NN denotes phosphatidylserine
T339 349-357 NN denotes receptor
T341 358-360 FW denotes in
T342 361-365 FW denotes vivo
T343 365-367 , denotes ,
T344 367-369 PRP denotes we
T333 370-381 VBD denotes inactivated
T345 382-385 DT denotes the
T347 386-391 NN denotes Ptdsr
T346 392-396 NN denotes gene
T348 397-399 IN denotes in
T349 400-403 DT denotes the
T350 404-409 NN denotes mouse
T351 409-410 . denotes .
T352 410-419 sentence denotes Results
T353 412-419 NNS denotes Results
T354 419-605 sentence denotes Ablation of Ptdsr function in mice causes perinatal lethality, growth retardation and a delay in terminal differentiation of the kidney, intestine, liver and lungs during embryogenesis.
T355 420-428 NN denotes Ablation
T357 429-431 IN denotes of
T358 432-437 NN denotes Ptdsr
T359 438-446 NN denotes function
T360 447-449 IN denotes in
T361 450-454 NNS denotes mice
T356 455-461 VBZ denotes causes
T362 462-471 JJ denotes perinatal
T363 472-481 NN denotes lethality
T364 481-483 , denotes ,
T365 483-489 NN denotes growth
T366 490-501 NN denotes retardation
T367 502-505 CC denotes and
T368 506-507 DT denotes a
T369 508-513 NN denotes delay
T370 514-516 IN denotes in
T371 517-525 JJ denotes terminal
T372 526-541 NN denotes differentiation
T373 542-544 IN denotes of
T374 545-548 DT denotes the
T375 549-555 NN denotes kidney
T376 555-557 , denotes ,
T377 557-566 NN denotes intestine
T378 566-568 , denotes ,
T379 568-573 NN denotes liver
T380 574-577 CC denotes and
T381 578-583 NNS denotes lungs
T382 584-590 IN denotes during
T383 591-604 NN denotes embryogenesis
T384 604-605 . denotes .
T385 605-759 sentence denotes Moreover, eye development can be severely disturbed, ranging from defects in retinal differentiation to complete unilateral or bilateral absence of eyes.
T386 606-614 RB denotes Moreover
T388 614-616 , denotes ,
T389 616-619 NN denotes eye
T390 620-631 NN denotes development
T391 632-635 MD denotes can
T392 636-638 VB denotes be
T393 639-647 RB denotes severely
T387 648-657 VBN denotes disturbed
T394 657-659 , denotes ,
T395 659-666 VBG denotes ranging
T396 667-671 IN denotes from
T397 672-679 NNS denotes defects
T398 680-682 IN denotes in
T399 683-690 JJ denotes retinal
T400 691-706 NN denotes differentiation
T401 707-709 IN denotes to
T402 710-718 JJ denotes complete
T404 719-729 JJ denotes unilateral
T405 730-732 CC denotes or
T406 733-742 JJ denotes bilateral
T403 743-750 NN denotes absence
T407 751-753 IN denotes of
T408 754-758 NNS denotes eyes
T409 758-759 . denotes .
T410 759-889 sentence denotes Ptdsr -/- mice with anophthalmia develop novel lesions, with induction of ectopic retinal-pigmented epithelium in nasal cavities.
T411 760-765 NN denotes Ptdsr
T413 766-767 SYM denotes -
T414 767-768 HYPH denotes /
T415 768-769 SYM denotes -
T412 770-774 NNS denotes mice
T417 775-779 IN denotes with
T418 780-792 NN denotes anophthalmia
T416 793-800 VBP denotes develop
T419 801-806 JJ denotes novel
T420 807-814 NNS denotes lesions
T421 814-816 , denotes ,
T422 816-820 IN denotes with
T423 821-830 NN denotes induction
T424 831-833 IN denotes of
T425 834-841 JJ denotes ectopic
T427 842-849 RB denotes retinal
T429 849-850 HYPH denotes -
T428 850-859 VBN denotes pigmented
T426 860-870 NN denotes epithelium
T430 871-873 IN denotes in
T431 874-879 JJ denotes nasal
T432 880-888 NNS denotes cavities
T433 888-889 . denotes .
T434 889-1213 sentence denotes A comprehensive investigation of apoptotic cell clearance in vivo and in vitro demonstrated that engulfment of apoptotic cells was normal in Ptdsr knockout mice, but Ptdsr-deficient macrophages were impaired in pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokine signaling after stimulation with apoptotic cells or with lipopolysaccharide.
T435 890-891 DT denotes A
T437 892-905 JJ denotes comprehensive
T436 906-919 NN denotes investigation
T439 920-922 IN denotes of
T440 923-932 JJ denotes apoptotic
T442 933-937 NN denotes cell
T441 938-947 NN denotes clearance
T443 948-950 FW denotes in
T444 951-955 FW denotes vivo
T445 956-959 CC denotes and
T446 960-962 FW denotes in
T447 963-968 FW denotes vitro
T438 969-981 VBD denotes demonstrated
T448 982-986 IN denotes that
T450 987-997 NN denotes engulfment
T451 998-1000 IN denotes of
T452 1001-1010 JJ denotes apoptotic
T453 1011-1016 NNS denotes cells
T449 1017-1020 VBD denotes was
T454 1021-1027 JJ denotes normal
T455 1028-1030 IN denotes in
T456 1031-1036 NN denotes Ptdsr
T458 1037-1045 NN denotes knockout
T457 1046-1050 NNS denotes mice
T459 1050-1052 , denotes ,
T460 1052-1055 CC denotes but
T461 1056-1061 NN denotes Ptdsr
T463 1061-1062 HYPH denotes -
T462 1062-1071 JJ denotes deficient
T464 1072-1083 NNS denotes macrophages
T466 1084-1088 VBD denotes were
T465 1089-1097 VBN denotes impaired
T467 1098-1100 IN denotes in
T468 1101-1104 AFX denotes pro
T470 1104-1105 HYPH denotes -
T471 1106-1109 CC denotes and
T469 1110-1127 JJ denotes anti-inflammatory
T473 1128-1136 NN denotes cytokine
T472 1137-1146 NN denotes signaling
T474 1147-1152 IN denotes after
T475 1153-1164 NN denotes stimulation
T476 1165-1169 IN denotes with
T477 1170-1179 JJ denotes apoptotic
T478 1180-1185 NNS denotes cells
T479 1186-1188 CC denotes or
T480 1189-1193 IN denotes with
T481 1194-1212 NN denotes lipopolysaccharide
T482 1212-1213 . denotes .
T483 1213-1225 sentence denotes Conclusion
T484 1215-1225 NN denotes Conclusion
T485 1225-1360 sentence denotes Ptdsr is essential for the development and differentiation of multiple organs during embryogenesis but not for apoptotic cell removal.
T486 1226-1231 NN denotes Ptdsr
T487 1232-1234 VBZ denotes is
T488 1235-1244 JJ denotes essential
T489 1245-1248 IN denotes for
T490 1249-1252 DT denotes the
T491 1253-1264 NN denotes development
T492 1265-1268 CC denotes and
T493 1269-1284 NN denotes differentiation
T494 1285-1287 IN denotes of
T495 1288-1296 JJ denotes multiple
T496 1297-1303 NNS denotes organs
T497 1304-1310 IN denotes during
T498 1311-1324 NN denotes embryogenesis
T499 1325-1328 CC denotes but
T500 1329-1332 RB denotes not
T501 1333-1336 IN denotes for
T502 1337-1346 JJ denotes apoptotic
T503 1347-1351 NN denotes cell
T504 1352-1359 NN denotes removal
T505 1359-1360 . denotes .
T506 1360-1471 sentence denotes Ptdsr may thus have a novel, unexpected developmental function as an important differentiation-promoting gene.
T507 1361-1366 NN denotes Ptdsr
T509 1367-1370 MD denotes may
T510 1371-1375 RB denotes thus
T508 1376-1380 VB denotes have
T511 1381-1382 DT denotes a
T513 1383-1388 JJ denotes novel
T514 1388-1390 , denotes ,
T515 1390-1400 JJ denotes unexpected
T516 1401-1414 JJ denotes developmental
T512 1415-1423 NN denotes function
T517 1424-1426 IN denotes as
T518 1427-1429 DT denotes an
T520 1430-1439 JJ denotes important
T521 1440-1455 NN denotes differentiation
T523 1455-1456 HYPH denotes -
T522 1456-1465 VBG denotes promoting
T519 1466-1470 NN denotes gene
T524 1470-1471 . denotes .
T525 1471-1626 sentence denotes Moreover, Ptdsr is not required for apoptotic cell clearance by macrophages but seems to be necessary for the regulation of macrophage cytokine responses.
T526 1472-1480 RB denotes Moreover
T528 1480-1482 , denotes ,
T529 1482-1487 NN denotes Ptdsr
T530 1488-1490 VBZ denotes is
T531 1491-1494 RB denotes not
T527 1495-1503 VBN denotes required
T532 1504-1507 IN denotes for
T533 1508-1517 JJ denotes apoptotic
T534 1518-1522 NN denotes cell
T535 1523-1532 NN denotes clearance
T536 1533-1535 IN denotes by
T537 1536-1547 NNS denotes macrophages
T538 1548-1551 CC denotes but
T539 1552-1557 VBZ denotes seems
T540 1558-1560 TO denotes to
T541 1561-1563 VB denotes be
T542 1564-1573 JJ denotes necessary
T543 1574-1577 IN denotes for
T544 1578-1581 DT denotes the
T545 1582-1592 NN denotes regulation
T546 1593-1595 IN denotes of
T547 1596-1606 NN denotes macrophage
T548 1607-1615 NN denotes cytokine
T549 1616-1625 NNS denotes responses
T550 1625-1626 . denotes .
T551 1626-1762 sentence denotes These results clearly contradict the current view that the phosphatidylserine receptor primarily functions in apoptotic cell clearance.
T552 1627-1632 DT denotes These
T553 1633-1640 NNS denotes results
T555 1641-1648 RB denotes clearly
T554 1649-1659 VBP denotes contradict
T556 1660-1663 DT denotes the
T558 1664-1671 JJ denotes current
T557 1672-1676 NN denotes view
T559 1677-1681 IN denotes that
T561 1682-1685 DT denotes the
T563 1686-1704 NN denotes phosphatidylserine
T562 1705-1713 NN denotes receptor
T564 1714-1723 RB denotes primarily
T560 1724-1733 VBZ denotes functions
T565 1734-1736 IN denotes in
T566 1737-1746 JJ denotes apoptotic
T567 1747-1751 NN denotes cell
T568 1752-1761 NN denotes clearance
T569 1761-1762 . denotes .
R100 T381 T379 conj lungs,liver
R101 T382 T369 prep during,delay
R102 T383 T382 pobj embryogenesis,during
R103 T384 T356 punct .,causes
R104 T386 T387 advmod Moreover,disturbed
R105 T388 T387 punct ", ",disturbed
R106 T389 T390 compound eye,development
R107 T390 T387 nsubjpass development,disturbed
R108 T391 T387 aux can,disturbed
R109 T392 T387 auxpass be,disturbed
R110 T393 T387 advmod severely,disturbed
R111 T394 T387 punct ", ",disturbed
R112 T395 T387 advcl ranging,disturbed
R113 T396 T395 prep from,ranging
R114 T397 T396 pobj defects,from
R115 T398 T397 prep in,defects
R116 T399 T400 amod retinal,differentiation
R117 T400 T398 pobj differentiation,in
R118 T401 T396 prep to,from
R119 T402 T403 amod complete,absence
R120 T403 T401 pobj absence,to
R121 T404 T403 amod unilateral,absence
R122 T405 T404 cc or,unilateral
R123 T406 T404 conj bilateral,unilateral
R124 T407 T403 prep of,absence
R125 T408 T407 pobj eyes,of
R126 T409 T387 punct .,disturbed
R127 T411 T412 nmod Ptdsr,mice
R128 T412 T416 nsubj mice,develop
R129 T413 T411 punct -,Ptdsr
R130 T414 T411 punct /,Ptdsr
R131 T415 T411 punct -,Ptdsr
R132 T417 T412 prep with,mice
R133 T418 T417 pobj anophthalmia,with
R134 T419 T420 amod novel,lesions
R135 T420 T416 dobj lesions,develop
R136 T421 T420 punct ", ",lesions
R137 T422 T420 prep with,lesions
R138 T423 T422 pobj induction,with
R139 T424 T423 prep of,induction
R140 T425 T426 amod ectopic,epithelium
R141 T426 T424 pobj epithelium,of
R142 T427 T428 advmod retinal,pigmented
R143 T428 T426 amod pigmented,epithelium
R144 T429 T428 punct -,pigmented
R145 T430 T423 prep in,induction
R146 T431 T432 amod nasal,cavities
R147 T432 T430 pobj cavities,in
R148 T433 T416 punct .,develop
R149 T435 T436 det A,investigation
R150 T436 T438 nsubj investigation,demonstrated
R151 T437 T436 amod comprehensive,investigation
R152 T439 T436 prep of,investigation
R153 T440 T441 amod apoptotic,clearance
R154 T441 T439 pobj clearance,of
R155 T442 T441 compound cell,clearance
R156 T443 T444 advmod in,vivo
R157 T444 T436 advmod vivo,investigation
R158 T445 T444 cc and,vivo
R159 T446 T447 advmod in,vitro
R160 T447 T444 conj vitro,vivo
R161 T448 T449 mark that,was
R162 T449 T438 ccomp was,demonstrated
R163 T450 T449 nsubj engulfment,was
R164 T451 T450 prep of,engulfment
R165 T452 T453 amod apoptotic,cells
R166 T453 T451 pobj cells,of
R167 T454 T449 acomp normal,was
R168 T455 T449 prep in,was
R169 T456 T457 compound Ptdsr,mice
R17 T289 T290 nsubj Phagocytosis,is
R170 T457 T455 pobj mice,in
R171 T458 T457 compound knockout,mice
R172 T459 T438 punct ", ",demonstrated
R173 T460 T438 cc but,demonstrated
R174 T461 T462 npadvmod Ptdsr,deficient
R175 T462 T464 amod deficient,macrophages
R176 T463 T462 punct -,deficient
R177 T464 T465 nsubjpass macrophages,impaired
R178 T465 T438 conj impaired,demonstrated
R179 T466 T465 auxpass were,impaired
R18 T291 T289 prep of,Phagocytosis
R180 T467 T465 prep in,impaired
R181 T468 T469 advmod pro,anti-inflammatory
R182 T469 T472 amod anti-inflammatory,signaling
R183 T470 T469 punct -,anti-inflammatory
R184 T471 T469 cc and,anti-inflammatory
R185 T472 T467 pobj signaling,in
R186 T473 T472 compound cytokine,signaling
R187 T474 T465 prep after,impaired
R188 T475 T474 pobj stimulation,after
R189 T476 T475 prep with,stimulation
R19 T292 T293 amod apoptotic,cells
R190 T477 T478 amod apoptotic,cells
R191 T478 T476 pobj cells,with
R192 T479 T476 cc or,with
R193 T480 T476 conj with,with
R194 T481 T480 pobj lipopolysaccharide,with
R195 T482 T465 punct .,impaired
R196 T486 T487 nsubj Ptdsr,is
R197 T488 T487 acomp essential,is
R198 T489 T488 prep for,essential
R199 T490 T491 det the,development
R20 T293 T291 pobj cells,of
R200 T491 T489 pobj development,for
R201 T492 T491 cc and,development
R202 T493 T491 conj differentiation,development
R203 T494 T491 prep of,development
R204 T495 T496 amod multiple,organs
R205 T496 T494 pobj organs,of
R206 T497 T491 prep during,development
R207 T498 T497 pobj embryogenesis,during
R208 T499 T489 cc but,for
R209 T500 T499 neg not,but
R21 T294 T290 acomp fundamental,is
R210 T501 T489 conj for,for
R211 T502 T503 amod apoptotic,cell
R212 T503 T504 compound cell,removal
R213 T504 T501 pobj removal,for
R214 T505 T487 punct .,is
R215 T507 T508 nsubj Ptdsr,have
R216 T509 T508 aux may,have
R217 T510 T508 advmod thus,have
R218 T511 T512 det a,function
R219 T512 T508 dobj function,have
R22 T295 T294 prep to,fundamental
R220 T513 T512 amod novel,function
R221 T514 T512 punct ", ",function
R222 T515 T512 amod unexpected,function
R223 T516 T512 amod developmental,function
R224 T517 T512 prep as,function
R225 T518 T519 det an,gene
R226 T519 T517 pobj gene,as
R227 T520 T519 amod important,gene
R228 T521 T522 npadvmod differentiation,promoting
R229 T522 T519 amod promoting,gene
R23 T296 T297 compound animal,development
R230 T523 T522 punct -,promoting
R231 T524 T508 punct .,have
R232 T526 T527 advmod Moreover,required
R233 T528 T527 punct ", ",required
R234 T529 T527 nsubjpass Ptdsr,required
R235 T530 T527 auxpass is,required
R236 T531 T527 neg not,required
R237 T532 T527 prep for,required
R238 T533 T534 amod apoptotic,cell
R239 T534 T535 compound cell,clearance
R24 T297 T295 pobj development,to
R240 T535 T532 pobj clearance,for
R241 T536 T535 prep by,clearance
R242 T537 T536 pobj macrophages,by
R243 T538 T527 cc but,required
R244 T539 T527 conj seems,required
R245 T540 T541 aux to,be
R246 T541 T539 xcomp be,seems
R247 T542 T541 acomp necessary,be
R248 T543 T542 prep for,necessary
R249 T544 T545 det the,regulation
R25 T298 T297 punct ", ",development
R250 T545 T543 pobj regulation,for
R251 T546 T545 prep of,regulation
R252 T547 T548 compound macrophage,cytokine
R253 T548 T549 compound cytokine,responses
R254 T549 T546 pobj responses,of
R255 T550 T527 punct .,required
R256 T552 T553 det These,results
R257 T553 T554 nsubj results,contradict
R258 T555 T554 advmod clearly,contradict
R259 T556 T557 det the,view
R26 T299 T300 amod immune,function
R260 T557 T554 dobj view,contradict
R261 T558 T557 amod current,view
R262 T559 T560 mark that,functions
R263 T560 T557 acl functions,view
R264 T561 T562 det the,receptor
R265 T562 T560 nsubj receptor,functions
R266 T563 T562 compound phosphatidylserine,receptor
R267 T564 T560 advmod primarily,functions
R268 T565 T560 prep in,functions
R269 T566 T567 amod apoptotic,cell
R27 T300 T297 conj function,development
R270 T567 T568 compound cell,clearance
R271 T568 T565 pobj clearance,in
R272 T569 T554 punct .,contradict
R28 T301 T300 cc and,function
R29 T302 T303 amod cellular,homeostasis
R30 T303 T300 conj homeostasis,function
R31 T304 T290 punct .,is
R32 T306 T307 det The,receptor
R33 T307 T309 nsubjpass receptor,implicated
R34 T308 T307 compound phosphatidylserine,receptor
R35 T310 T307 punct (,receptor
R36 T311 T307 appos Ptdsr,receptor
R37 T312 T307 punct ),receptor
R38 T313 T307 prep on,receptor
R39 T314 T313 pobj phagocytes,on
R40 T315 T309 aux has,implicated
R41 T316 T309 auxpass been,implicated
R42 T317 T309 prep in,implicated
R43 T318 T319 det the,recognition
R44 T319 T317 pobj recognition,in
R45 T320 T319 cc and,recognition
R46 T321 T319 conj engulfment,recognition
R47 T322 T319 prep of,recognition
R48 T323 T324 amod apoptotic,cells
R49 T324 T322 pobj cells,of
R50 T325 T317 cc and,in
R51 T326 T317 conj in,in
R52 T327 T328 amod anti-inflammatory,signaling
R53 T328 T326 pobj signaling,in
R54 T329 T309 punct .,implicated
R55 T331 T332 aux To,determine
R56 T332 T333 advcl determine,inactivated
R57 T334 T335 det the,function
R58 T335 T332 dobj function,determine
R59 T336 T335 amod biological,function
R60 T337 T335 prep of,function
R61 T338 T339 det the,receptor
R62 T339 T337 pobj receptor,of
R63 T340 T339 compound phosphatidylserine,receptor
R64 T341 T342 advmod in,vivo
R65 T342 T335 advmod vivo,function
R66 T343 T333 punct ", ",inactivated
R67 T344 T333 nsubj we,inactivated
R68 T345 T346 det the,gene
R69 T346 T333 dobj gene,inactivated
R70 T347 T346 compound Ptdsr,gene
R71 T348 T333 prep in,inactivated
R72 T349 T350 det the,mouse
R73 T350 T348 pobj mouse,in
R74 T351 T333 punct .,inactivated
R75 T355 T356 nsubj Ablation,causes
R76 T357 T355 prep of,Ablation
R77 T358 T359 compound Ptdsr,function
R78 T359 T357 pobj function,of
R79 T360 T355 prep in,Ablation
R80 T361 T360 pobj mice,in
R81 T362 T363 amod perinatal,lethality
R82 T363 T356 dobj lethality,causes
R83 T364 T363 punct ", ",lethality
R84 T365 T366 compound growth,retardation
R85 T366 T363 conj retardation,lethality
R86 T367 T366 cc and,retardation
R87 T368 T369 det a,delay
R88 T369 T366 conj delay,retardation
R89 T370 T369 prep in,delay
R90 T371 T372 amod terminal,differentiation
R91 T372 T370 pobj differentiation,in
R92 T373 T372 prep of,differentiation
R93 T374 T375 det the,kidney
R94 T375 T373 pobj kidney,of
R95 T376 T375 punct ", ",kidney
R96 T377 T375 conj intestine,kidney
R97 T378 T377 punct ", ",intestine
R98 T379 T377 conj liver,intestine
R99 T380 T379 cc and,liver