Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T3182 |
11-14 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
Our |
T3183 |
15-19 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T3184 |
20-26 |
VBP |
denotes |
reveal |
T3185 |
27-31 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3187 |
32-33 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3189 |
34-39 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3191 |
39-40 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3190 |
40-48 |
VBN |
denotes |
mediated |
T3192 |
49-64 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3188 |
65-72 |
NN |
denotes |
pathway |
T3193 |
73-76 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3186 |
77-85 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3194 |
86-92 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3195 |
93-98 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3196 |
99-112 |
NN |
denotes |
specification |
T3197 |
112-114 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3198 |
114-122 |
VBG |
denotes |
enabling |
T3199 |
123-126 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3200 |
127-137 |
NN |
denotes |
generation |
T3201 |
138-140 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3202 |
141-142 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3203 |
143-149 |
NN |
denotes |
strain |
T3204 |
150-152 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3205 |
153-157 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3206 |
158-162 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3207 |
163-164 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3209 |
165-166 |
`` |
denotes |
“ |
T3210 |
166-170 |
JJ |
denotes |
long |
T3212 |
170-171 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3211 |
171-179 |
NN |
denotes |
distance |
T3213 |
180-187 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T3214 |
187-188 |
'' |
denotes |
” |
T3208 |
189-198 |
NN |
denotes |
phenotype |
T3215 |
198-199 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3216 |
199-483 |
sentence |
denotes |
We show that targeted expression of an activated form of PPARδ produces profound and coordinated increases in oxidation enzymes, mitochondrial biogenesis, and production of specialized type I fiber contractile proteins—the three hallmarks for muscle fiber type switching (Figure 6C). |
T3217 |
200-202 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T3218 |
203-207 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T3219 |
208-212 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3221 |
213-221 |
VBN |
denotes |
targeted |
T3222 |
222-232 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3223 |
233-235 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3224 |
236-238 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3226 |
239-248 |
JJ |
denotes |
activated |
T3225 |
249-253 |
NN |
denotes |
form |
T3227 |
254-256 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3228 |
257-262 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3220 |
263-271 |
VBZ |
denotes |
produces |
T3229 |
272-280 |
JJ |
denotes |
profound |
T3231 |
281-284 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3232 |
285-296 |
VBN |
denotes |
coordinated |
T3230 |
297-306 |
NNS |
denotes |
increases |
T3233 |
307-309 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3234 |
310-319 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3235 |
320-327 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3236 |
327-329 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3237 |
329-342 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3238 |
343-353 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3239 |
353-355 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3240 |
355-358 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3241 |
359-369 |
NN |
denotes |
production |
T3242 |
370-372 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3243 |
373-384 |
VBN |
denotes |
specialized |
T3245 |
385-389 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3247 |
390-391 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T3246 |
392-397 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3248 |
398-409 |
JJ |
denotes |
contractile |
T3244 |
410-418 |
NN |
denotes |
proteins |
T3249 |
418-419 |
: |
denotes |
— |
T3250 |
419-422 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3252 |
423-428 |
CD |
denotes |
three |
T3251 |
429-438 |
NNS |
denotes |
hallmarks |
T3253 |
439-442 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3254 |
443-449 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3255 |
450-455 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3257 |
456-460 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3256 |
461-470 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3258 |
471-472 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3259 |
472-478 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T3260 |
479-481 |
CD |
denotes |
6C |
T3261 |
481-482 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3262 |
482-483 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3263 |
483-741 |
sentence |
denotes |
While induction of muscle oxidation enzymes by PPARδ has been seen both in vivo and in vitro (Muoio et al. 2002; Dressel et al. 2003; Luquet et al. 2003; Tanaka et al. 2003; Wang et al. 2003), its effects shown here on muscle fiber switching are unexpected. |
T3264 |
484-489 |
IN |
denotes |
While |
T3266 |
490-499 |
NN |
denotes |
induction |
T3267 |
500-502 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3268 |
503-509 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3270 |
510-519 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3269 |
520-527 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3271 |
528-530 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3272 |
531-536 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3273 |
537-540 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3274 |
541-545 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3265 |
546-550 |
VBN |
denotes |
seen |
T3276 |
551-555 |
CC |
denotes |
both |
T3278 |
556-558 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T3277 |
559-563 |
FW |
denotes |
vivo |
T3279 |
564-567 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3280 |
568-570 |
FW |
denotes |
in |
T3281 |
571-576 |
FW |
denotes |
vitro |
T3282 |
577-578 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3283 |
578-583 |
NNP |
denotes |
Muoio |
T3284 |
584-586 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3285 |
587-590 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3286 |
591-595 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3287 |
595-596 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3288 |
597-604 |
NNP |
denotes |
Dressel |
T3289 |
605-607 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3290 |
608-611 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3291 |
612-616 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3292 |
616-617 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3293 |
618-624 |
NNP |
denotes |
Luquet |
T3294 |
625-627 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3295 |
628-631 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3296 |
632-636 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3297 |
636-637 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3298 |
638-644 |
NNP |
denotes |
Tanaka |
T3299 |
645-647 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3300 |
648-651 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3301 |
652-656 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3302 |
656-657 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3303 |
658-662 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T3304 |
663-665 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3305 |
666-669 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3306 |
670-674 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3307 |
674-675 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3308 |
675-677 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3309 |
677-680 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3310 |
681-688 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3311 |
689-694 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T3312 |
695-699 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T3313 |
700-702 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3314 |
703-709 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3315 |
710-715 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3316 |
716-725 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3275 |
726-729 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3317 |
730-740 |
JJ |
denotes |
unexpected |
T3318 |
740-741 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3319 |
741-930 |
sentence |
denotes |
These progressive changes in oxidative capacity in conjunction with eventual changes in type I muscle fiber lead to a dramatically improved exercise profile and protection against obesity. |
T3320 |
742-747 |
DT |
denotes |
These |
T3322 |
748-759 |
JJ |
denotes |
progressive |
T3321 |
760-767 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3324 |
768-770 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3325 |
771-780 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3326 |
781-789 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3327 |
790-792 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3328 |
793-804 |
NN |
denotes |
conjunction |
T3329 |
805-809 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3330 |
810-818 |
JJ |
denotes |
eventual |
T3331 |
819-826 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3332 |
827-829 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3333 |
830-834 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3335 |
835-836 |
CD |
denotes |
I |
T3336 |
837-843 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3334 |
844-849 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3323 |
850-854 |
VBP |
denotes |
lead |
T3337 |
855-857 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3338 |
858-859 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3340 |
860-872 |
RB |
denotes |
dramatically |
T3341 |
873-881 |
VBN |
denotes |
improved |
T3342 |
882-890 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3339 |
891-898 |
NN |
denotes |
profile |
T3343 |
899-902 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3344 |
903-913 |
NN |
denotes |
protection |
T3345 |
914-921 |
IN |
denotes |
against |
T3346 |
922-929 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3347 |
929-930 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3348 |
930-1185 |
sentence |
denotes |
This does not solely depend on achieving a directed muscle fiber type switch but also requires all the associated changes in neural innervation, motor neuron function, and peripheral metabolic adaptation to enable a new integrated physiological response. |
T3349 |
931-935 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3351 |
936-940 |
VBZ |
denotes |
does |
T3352 |
941-944 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3353 |
945-951 |
RB |
denotes |
solely |
T3350 |
952-958 |
VB |
denotes |
depend |
T3354 |
959-961 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3355 |
962-971 |
VBG |
denotes |
achieving |
T3356 |
972-973 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3358 |
974-982 |
VBN |
denotes |
directed |
T3359 |
983-989 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3360 |
990-995 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3361 |
996-1000 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3357 |
1001-1007 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3362 |
1008-1011 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T3363 |
1012-1016 |
RB |
denotes |
also |
T3364 |
1017-1025 |
VBZ |
denotes |
requires |
T3365 |
1026-1029 |
PDT |
denotes |
all |
T3367 |
1030-1033 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3368 |
1034-1044 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T3366 |
1045-1052 |
NNS |
denotes |
changes |
T3369 |
1053-1055 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3370 |
1056-1062 |
JJ |
denotes |
neural |
T3371 |
1063-1074 |
NN |
denotes |
innervation |
T3372 |
1074-1076 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3373 |
1076-1081 |
NN |
denotes |
motor |
T3374 |
1082-1088 |
NN |
denotes |
neuron |
T3375 |
1089-1097 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3376 |
1097-1099 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3377 |
1099-1102 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3378 |
1103-1113 |
JJ |
denotes |
peripheral |
T3380 |
1114-1123 |
JJ |
denotes |
metabolic |
T3379 |
1124-1134 |
NN |
denotes |
adaptation |
T3381 |
1135-1137 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3382 |
1138-1144 |
VB |
denotes |
enable |
T3383 |
1145-1146 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3385 |
1147-1150 |
JJ |
denotes |
new |
T3386 |
1151-1161 |
VBN |
denotes |
integrated |
T3387 |
1162-1175 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiological |
T3384 |
1176-1184 |
NN |
denotes |
response |
T3388 |
1184-1185 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3389 |
1185-1324 |
sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, activation of muscle PPARδ essentially recapitulates the effects of exercise training even in the absence of training itself. |
T3390 |
1186-1197 |
RB |
denotes |
Accordingly |
T3392 |
1197-1199 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3393 |
1199-1209 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3394 |
1210-1212 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3395 |
1213-1219 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3396 |
1220-1225 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3397 |
1226-1237 |
RB |
denotes |
essentially |
T3391 |
1238-1251 |
VBZ |
denotes |
recapitulates |
T3398 |
1252-1255 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3399 |
1256-1263 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3400 |
1264-1266 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3401 |
1267-1275 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3402 |
1276-1284 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3403 |
1285-1289 |
RB |
denotes |
even |
T3404 |
1290-1292 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3405 |
1293-1296 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3406 |
1297-1304 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T3407 |
1305-1307 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3408 |
1308-1316 |
VBG |
denotes |
training |
T3409 |
1317-1323 |
PRP |
denotes |
itself |
T3410 |
1323-1324 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3411 |
1324-1417 |
sentence |
denotes |
To our knowledge, this has not been directly described for any other transcriptional factor. |
T3412 |
1325-1327 |
IN |
denotes |
To |
T3414 |
1328-1331 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T3415 |
1332-1341 |
NN |
denotes |
knowledge |
T3416 |
1341-1343 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3417 |
1343-1347 |
DT |
denotes |
this |
T3418 |
1348-1351 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3419 |
1352-1355 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3420 |
1356-1360 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3421 |
1361-1369 |
RB |
denotes |
directly |
T3413 |
1370-1379 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T3422 |
1380-1383 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3423 |
1384-1387 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T3425 |
1388-1393 |
JJ |
denotes |
other |
T3426 |
1394-1409 |
JJ |
denotes |
transcriptional |
T3424 |
1410-1416 |
NN |
denotes |
factor |
T3427 |
1416-1417 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3428 |
1417-1735 |
sentence |
denotes |
The muscle phenotypes described here are remarkably similar to those of transgenic mice expressing either calcineurin, calmodulin-dependent kinase, or PGC-1α (Naya et al. 2000; Lin et al. 2002; Wu et al. 2002), indicating that PPARδ could be one of the hypothetical downstream transcription factors of these pathways. |
T3429 |
1418-1421 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T3431 |
1422-1428 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3430 |
1429-1439 |
NNS |
denotes |
phenotypes |
T3433 |
1440-1449 |
VBN |
denotes |
described |
T3434 |
1450-1454 |
RB |
denotes |
here |
T3432 |
1455-1458 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3435 |
1459-1469 |
RB |
denotes |
remarkably |
T3436 |
1470-1477 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T3437 |
1478-1480 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3438 |
1481-1486 |
DT |
denotes |
those |
T3439 |
1487-1489 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3440 |
1490-1500 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T3441 |
1501-1505 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3442 |
1506-1516 |
VBG |
denotes |
expressing |
T3443 |
1517-1523 |
CC |
denotes |
either |
T3444 |
1524-1535 |
NN |
denotes |
calcineurin |
T3445 |
1535-1537 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3446 |
1537-1547 |
NN |
denotes |
calmodulin |
T3448 |
1547-1548 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3447 |
1548-1557 |
JJ |
denotes |
dependent |
T3449 |
1558-1564 |
NN |
denotes |
kinase |
T3450 |
1564-1566 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3451 |
1566-1568 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3452 |
1569-1572 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3453 |
1572-1573 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3454 |
1573-1575 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3455 |
1576-1577 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3456 |
1577-1581 |
NNP |
denotes |
Naya |
T3457 |
1582-1584 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3458 |
1585-1588 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3459 |
1589-1593 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T3460 |
1593-1594 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3461 |
1595-1598 |
NNP |
denotes |
Lin |
T3462 |
1599-1601 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3463 |
1602-1605 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3464 |
1606-1610 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3465 |
1610-1611 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3466 |
1612-1614 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wu |
T3467 |
1615-1617 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3468 |
1618-1621 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3469 |
1622-1626 |
CD |
denotes |
2002 |
T3470 |
1626-1627 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3471 |
1627-1629 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3472 |
1629-1639 |
VBG |
denotes |
indicating |
T3473 |
1640-1644 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3475 |
1645-1650 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3476 |
1651-1656 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T3474 |
1657-1659 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3477 |
1660-1663 |
CD |
denotes |
one |
T3478 |
1664-1666 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3479 |
1667-1670 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3481 |
1671-1683 |
JJ |
denotes |
hypothetical |
T3482 |
1684-1694 |
JJ |
denotes |
downstream |
T3483 |
1695-1708 |
NN |
denotes |
transcription |
T3480 |
1709-1716 |
NNS |
denotes |
factors |
T3484 |
1717-1719 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3485 |
1720-1725 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3486 |
1726-1734 |
NNS |
denotes |
pathways |
T3487 |
1734-1735 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3488 |
1735-1894 |
sentence |
denotes |
It is important to note that, from our ligand and gain-of-function transgenic studies, PPARδ needs to be activated in order to direct the muscle fiber switch. |
T3489 |
1736-1738 |
PRP |
denotes |
It |
T3490 |
1739-1741 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3491 |
1742-1751 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T3492 |
1752-1754 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3493 |
1755-1759 |
VB |
denotes |
note |
T3494 |
1760-1764 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3496 |
1764-1766 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3497 |
1766-1770 |
IN |
denotes |
from |
T3498 |
1771-1774 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
our |
T3500 |
1775-1781 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3501 |
1782-1785 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3502 |
1786-1790 |
NN |
denotes |
gain |
T3503 |
1790-1791 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3504 |
1791-1793 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3505 |
1793-1794 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3506 |
1794-1802 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3507 |
1803-1813 |
JJ |
denotes |
transgenic |
T3499 |
1814-1821 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3508 |
1821-1823 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3509 |
1823-1828 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3495 |
1829-1834 |
VBZ |
denotes |
needs |
T3510 |
1835-1837 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3512 |
1838-1840 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3511 |
1841-1850 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3513 |
1851-1853 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3514 |
1854-1859 |
NN |
denotes |
order |
T3515 |
1860-1862 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3516 |
1863-1869 |
VB |
denotes |
direct |
T3517 |
1870-1873 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3519 |
1874-1880 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3520 |
1881-1886 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3518 |
1887-1893 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3521 |
1893-1894 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3522 |
1894-2128 |
sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, in a recent report by Luquet et al. (2003), simple overexpression of wild-type PPARδ in muscle was found not to be sufficient to promote a fiber switch or obesity resistance, although certain oxidation enzymes were increased. |
T3523 |
1895-1901 |
RB |
denotes |
Indeed |
T3525 |
1901-1903 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3526 |
1903-1905 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3527 |
1906-1907 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3529 |
1908-1914 |
JJ |
denotes |
recent |
T3528 |
1915-1921 |
NN |
denotes |
report |
T3530 |
1922-1924 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3531 |
1925-1931 |
NNP |
denotes |
Luquet |
T3532 |
1932-1934 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3533 |
1935-1938 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3534 |
1939-1940 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3535 |
1940-1944 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3536 |
1944-1945 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3537 |
1945-1947 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3538 |
1947-1953 |
JJ |
denotes |
simple |
T3539 |
1954-1968 |
NN |
denotes |
overexpression |
T3540 |
1969-1971 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3541 |
1972-1976 |
JJ |
denotes |
wild |
T3543 |
1976-1977 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3542 |
1977-1981 |
NN |
denotes |
type |
T3544 |
1982-1987 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3545 |
1988-1990 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3546 |
1991-1997 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3547 |
1998-2001 |
VBD |
denotes |
was |
T3524 |
2002-2007 |
VBN |
denotes |
found |
T3548 |
2008-2011 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3550 |
2012-2014 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3549 |
2015-2017 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3551 |
2018-2028 |
JJ |
denotes |
sufficient |
T3552 |
2029-2031 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3553 |
2032-2039 |
VB |
denotes |
promote |
T3554 |
2040-2041 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3556 |
2042-2047 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3555 |
2048-2054 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3557 |
2055-2057 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3558 |
2058-2065 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3559 |
2066-2076 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3560 |
2076-2078 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3561 |
2078-2086 |
IN |
denotes |
although |
T3563 |
2087-2094 |
JJ |
denotes |
certain |
T3565 |
2095-2104 |
NN |
denotes |
oxidation |
T3564 |
2105-2112 |
NNS |
denotes |
enzymes |
T3566 |
2113-2117 |
VBD |
denotes |
were |
T3562 |
2118-2127 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T3567 |
2127-2128 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3568 |
2128-2238 |
sentence |
denotes |
This supports the model in Figure 6C that the activating signal or ligand, but not the receptor, is limiting. |
T3569 |
2129-2133 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3570 |
2134-2142 |
VBZ |
denotes |
supports |
T3571 |
2143-2146 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3572 |
2147-2152 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T3573 |
2153-2155 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3574 |
2156-2162 |
NN |
denotes |
Figure |
T3575 |
2163-2165 |
CD |
denotes |
6C |
T3576 |
2166-2170 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3578 |
2171-2174 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3580 |
2175-2185 |
VBG |
denotes |
activating |
T3579 |
2186-2192 |
NN |
denotes |
signal |
T3581 |
2193-2195 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3582 |
2196-2202 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3583 |
2202-2204 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3584 |
2204-2207 |
CC |
denotes |
but |
T3585 |
2208-2211 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3586 |
2212-2215 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3587 |
2216-2224 |
NN |
denotes |
receptor |
T3588 |
2224-2226 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3577 |
2226-2228 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3589 |
2229-2237 |
VBG |
denotes |
limiting |
T3590 |
2237-2238 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3591 |
2238-2400 |
sentence |
denotes |
Thus, PPARδ activation, rather than merely an increase of PPARδ levels, is an essential element for fiber switching and its associated functional manifestations. |
T3592 |
2239-2243 |
RB |
denotes |
Thus |
T3594 |
2243-2245 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3595 |
2245-2250 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3596 |
2251-2261 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3597 |
2261-2263 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3598 |
2263-2269 |
RB |
denotes |
rather |
T3599 |
2270-2274 |
IN |
denotes |
than |
T3600 |
2275-2281 |
RB |
denotes |
merely |
T3602 |
2282-2284 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3601 |
2285-2293 |
NN |
denotes |
increase |
T3603 |
2294-2296 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3604 |
2297-2302 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3605 |
2303-2309 |
NNS |
denotes |
levels |
T3606 |
2309-2311 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3593 |
2311-2313 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3607 |
2314-2316 |
DT |
denotes |
an |
T3609 |
2317-2326 |
JJ |
denotes |
essential |
T3608 |
2327-2334 |
NN |
denotes |
element |
T3610 |
2335-2338 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3611 |
2339-2344 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3612 |
2345-2354 |
NN |
denotes |
switching |
T3613 |
2355-2358 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3614 |
2359-2362 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3616 |
2363-2373 |
VBN |
denotes |
associated |
T3617 |
2374-2384 |
JJ |
denotes |
functional |
T3615 |
2385-2399 |
NNS |
denotes |
manifestations |
T3618 |
2399-2400 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3619 |
2400-2476 |
sentence |
denotes |
How might endogenous PPARδ become activated naturally by exercise training? |
T3620 |
2401-2404 |
WRB |
denotes |
How |
T3622 |
2405-2410 |
MD |
denotes |
might |
T3623 |
2411-2421 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3624 |
2422-2427 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3621 |
2428-2434 |
VB |
denotes |
become |
T3625 |
2435-2444 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3626 |
2445-2454 |
RB |
denotes |
naturally |
T3627 |
2455-2457 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3628 |
2458-2466 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3629 |
2467-2475 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3630 |
2475-2476 |
. |
denotes |
? |
T3631 |
2476-2655 |
sentence |
denotes |
First, it is possible that exercise generates or increases endogenous ligands for PPARδ as tissues are undergoing substantial increases in fatty-acid internalization and burning. |
T3632 |
2477-2482 |
RB |
denotes |
First |
T3634 |
2482-2484 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3635 |
2484-2486 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3633 |
2487-2489 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3636 |
2490-2498 |
JJ |
denotes |
possible |
T3637 |
2499-2503 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3639 |
2504-2512 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3638 |
2513-2522 |
VBZ |
denotes |
generates |
T3640 |
2523-2525 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3641 |
2526-2535 |
VBZ |
denotes |
increases |
T3642 |
2536-2546 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3643 |
2547-2554 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3644 |
2555-2558 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3645 |
2559-2564 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3646 |
2565-2567 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3648 |
2568-2575 |
NNS |
denotes |
tissues |
T3649 |
2576-2579 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3647 |
2580-2590 |
VBG |
denotes |
undergoing |
T3650 |
2591-2602 |
JJ |
denotes |
substantial |
T3651 |
2603-2612 |
NNS |
denotes |
increases |
T3652 |
2613-2615 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3653 |
2616-2621 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T3655 |
2621-2622 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3654 |
2622-2626 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T3656 |
2627-2642 |
NN |
denotes |
internalization |
T3657 |
2643-2646 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3658 |
2647-2654 |
NN |
denotes |
burning |
T3659 |
2654-2655 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3660 |
2655-2709 |
sentence |
denotes |
Fatty acids and their metabolites can activate PPARδ. |
T3661 |
2656-2661 |
JJ |
denotes |
Fatty |
T3662 |
2662-2667 |
NNS |
denotes |
acids |
T3664 |
2668-2671 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3665 |
2672-2677 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
their |
T3666 |
2678-2689 |
NNS |
denotes |
metabolites |
T3667 |
2690-2693 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3663 |
2694-2702 |
VB |
denotes |
activate |
T3668 |
2703-2708 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3669 |
2708-2709 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3670 |
2709-2820 |
sentence |
denotes |
A second model is that exercise may induce expression of PGC-1α (Goto et al. 2000) and thereby activate PPARδ. |
T3671 |
2710-2711 |
DT |
denotes |
A |
T3673 |
2712-2718 |
JJ |
denotes |
second |
T3672 |
2719-2724 |
NN |
denotes |
model |
T3674 |
2725-2727 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3675 |
2728-2732 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3677 |
2733-2741 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3678 |
2742-2745 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3676 |
2746-2752 |
VB |
denotes |
induce |
T3679 |
2753-2763 |
NN |
denotes |
expression |
T3680 |
2764-2766 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3681 |
2767-2770 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3682 |
2770-2771 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3683 |
2771-2773 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3684 |
2774-2775 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3685 |
2775-2779 |
NNP |
denotes |
Goto |
T3686 |
2780-2782 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3687 |
2783-2786 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3688 |
2787-2791 |
CD |
denotes |
2000 |
T3689 |
2791-2792 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3690 |
2793-2796 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3691 |
2797-2804 |
RB |
denotes |
thereby |
T3692 |
2805-2813 |
VBP |
denotes |
activate |
T3693 |
2814-2819 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3694 |
2819-2820 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3695 |
2820-3025 |
sentence |
denotes |
This is consistent with previous work in which we have shown that PGC-1α physically associates with PPARδ in muscle tissue and can powerfully activate it even in the absence of ligands (Wang et al. 2003). |
T3696 |
2821-2825 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3697 |
2826-2828 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3698 |
2829-2839 |
JJ |
denotes |
consistent |
T3699 |
2840-2844 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3700 |
2845-2853 |
JJ |
denotes |
previous |
T3701 |
2854-2858 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T3702 |
2859-2861 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3704 |
2862-2867 |
WDT |
denotes |
which |
T3705 |
2868-2870 |
PRP |
denotes |
we |
T3706 |
2871-2875 |
VBP |
denotes |
have |
T3703 |
2876-2881 |
VBN |
denotes |
shown |
T3707 |
2882-2886 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3709 |
2887-2890 |
NN |
denotes |
PGC |
T3710 |
2890-2891 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3711 |
2891-2893 |
CD |
denotes |
1α |
T3712 |
2894-2904 |
RB |
denotes |
physically |
T3708 |
2905-2915 |
VBZ |
denotes |
associates |
T3713 |
2916-2920 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3714 |
2921-2926 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3715 |
2927-2929 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3716 |
2930-2936 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3717 |
2937-2943 |
NN |
denotes |
tissue |
T3718 |
2944-2947 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3719 |
2948-2951 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3721 |
2952-2962 |
RB |
denotes |
powerfully |
T3720 |
2963-2971 |
VB |
denotes |
activate |
T3722 |
2972-2974 |
PRP |
denotes |
it |
T3723 |
2975-2979 |
RB |
denotes |
even |
T3724 |
2980-2982 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3725 |
2983-2986 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3726 |
2987-2994 |
NN |
denotes |
absence |
T3727 |
2995-2997 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3728 |
2998-3005 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3729 |
3006-3007 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3730 |
3007-3011 |
NNP |
denotes |
Wang |
T3731 |
3012-3014 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3732 |
3015-3018 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3733 |
3019-3023 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3734 |
3023-3024 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3735 |
3024-3025 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3736 |
3025-3130 |
sentence |
denotes |
Alternatively, PPARδ may be activated by a distal upstream signaling component such as a kinase cascade. |
T3737 |
3026-3039 |
RB |
denotes |
Alternatively |
T3739 |
3039-3041 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3740 |
3041-3046 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3741 |
3047-3050 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3742 |
3051-3053 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3738 |
3054-3063 |
VBN |
denotes |
activated |
T3743 |
3064-3066 |
IN |
denotes |
by |
T3744 |
3067-3068 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3746 |
3069-3075 |
JJ |
denotes |
distal |
T3747 |
3076-3084 |
JJ |
denotes |
upstream |
T3748 |
3085-3094 |
NN |
denotes |
signaling |
T3745 |
3095-3104 |
NN |
denotes |
component |
T3749 |
3105-3109 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T3750 |
3110-3112 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3751 |
3113-3114 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3753 |
3115-3121 |
NN |
denotes |
kinase |
T3752 |
3122-3129 |
NN |
denotes |
cascade |
T3754 |
3129-3130 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3755 |
3130-3330 |
sentence |
denotes |
Further dissecting the interactions between PPARδ and its regulatory components will be necessary to fully understand the molecular basis of muscle fiber determination pertinent to exercise training. |
T3756 |
3131-3138 |
RB |
denotes |
Further |
T3757 |
3139-3149 |
VBG |
denotes |
dissecting |
T3759 |
3150-3153 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3760 |
3154-3166 |
NNS |
denotes |
interactions |
T3761 |
3167-3174 |
IN |
denotes |
between |
T3762 |
3175-3180 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3763 |
3181-3184 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3764 |
3185-3188 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3766 |
3189-3199 |
JJ |
denotes |
regulatory |
T3765 |
3200-3210 |
NNS |
denotes |
components |
T3767 |
3211-3215 |
MD |
denotes |
will |
T3758 |
3216-3218 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3768 |
3219-3228 |
JJ |
denotes |
necessary |
T3769 |
3229-3231 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3771 |
3232-3237 |
RB |
denotes |
fully |
T3770 |
3238-3248 |
VB |
denotes |
understand |
T3772 |
3249-3252 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3774 |
3253-3262 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
T3773 |
3263-3268 |
NN |
denotes |
basis |
T3775 |
3269-3271 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3776 |
3272-3278 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3777 |
3279-3284 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3778 |
3285-3298 |
NN |
denotes |
determination |
T3779 |
3299-3308 |
JJ |
denotes |
pertinent |
T3780 |
3309-3311 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3781 |
3312-3320 |
NN |
denotes |
exercise |
T3782 |
3321-3329 |
NN |
denotes |
training |
T3783 |
3329-3330 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3784 |
3330-3420 |
sentence |
denotes |
Skeletal muscle is a major site to regulate whole-body fatty-acid and glucose metabolism. |
T3785 |
3331-3339 |
JJ |
denotes |
Skeletal |
T3786 |
3340-3346 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3787 |
3347-3349 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3788 |
3350-3351 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3790 |
3352-3357 |
JJ |
denotes |
major |
T3789 |
3358-3362 |
NN |
denotes |
site |
T3791 |
3363-3365 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3792 |
3366-3374 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3793 |
3375-3380 |
JJ |
denotes |
whole |
T3795 |
3380-3381 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3794 |
3381-3385 |
NN |
denotes |
body |
T3797 |
3386-3391 |
JJ |
denotes |
fatty |
T3799 |
3391-3392 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3798 |
3392-3396 |
NN |
denotes |
acid |
T3800 |
3397-3400 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3801 |
3401-3408 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3796 |
3409-3419 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3802 |
3419-3420 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3803 |
3420-3537 |
sentence |
denotes |
We show that mice with increased oxidative fibers are resistant to high-fat-induced obesity and glucose intolerance. |
T3804 |
3421-3423 |
PRP |
denotes |
We |
T3805 |
3424-3428 |
VBP |
denotes |
show |
T3806 |
3429-3433 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3808 |
3434-3438 |
NNS |
denotes |
mice |
T3809 |
3439-3443 |
IN |
denotes |
with |
T3810 |
3444-3453 |
VBN |
denotes |
increased |
T3812 |
3454-3463 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3811 |
3464-3470 |
NNS |
denotes |
fibers |
T3807 |
3471-3474 |
VBP |
denotes |
are |
T3813 |
3475-3484 |
JJ |
denotes |
resistant |
T3814 |
3485-3487 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3815 |
3488-3492 |
JJ |
denotes |
high |
T3817 |
3492-3493 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3816 |
3493-3496 |
NN |
denotes |
fat |
T3819 |
3496-3497 |
HYPH |
denotes |
- |
T3818 |
3497-3504 |
VBN |
denotes |
induced |
T3820 |
3505-3512 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3821 |
3513-3516 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3822 |
3517-3524 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3823 |
3525-3536 |
NN |
denotes |
intolerance |
T3824 |
3536-3537 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3825 |
3537-3655 |
sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, ligand studies provide compelling evidence that activation of endogenous PPARδ can produce similar effects. |
T3826 |
3538-3546 |
RB |
denotes |
Moreover |
T3828 |
3546-3548 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3829 |
3548-3554 |
NN |
denotes |
ligand |
T3830 |
3555-3562 |
NNS |
denotes |
studies |
T3827 |
3563-3570 |
VBP |
denotes |
provide |
T3831 |
3571-3581 |
JJ |
denotes |
compelling |
T3832 |
3582-3590 |
NN |
denotes |
evidence |
T3833 |
3591-3595 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3835 |
3596-3606 |
NN |
denotes |
activation |
T3836 |
3607-3609 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3837 |
3610-3620 |
JJ |
denotes |
endogenous |
T3838 |
3621-3626 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3839 |
3627-3630 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3834 |
3631-3638 |
VB |
denotes |
produce |
T3840 |
3639-3646 |
JJ |
denotes |
similar |
T3841 |
3647-3654 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3842 |
3654-3655 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3843 |
3655-3740 |
sentence |
denotes |
Might PPARδ have any beneficial effects on glucose metabolism in the lean condition? |
T3844 |
3656-3661 |
MD |
denotes |
Might |
T3846 |
3662-3667 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3845 |
3668-3672 |
VB |
denotes |
have |
T3847 |
3673-3676 |
DT |
denotes |
any |
T3849 |
3677-3687 |
JJ |
denotes |
beneficial |
T3848 |
3688-3695 |
NNS |
denotes |
effects |
T3850 |
3696-3698 |
IN |
denotes |
on |
T3851 |
3699-3706 |
NN |
denotes |
glucose |
T3852 |
3707-3717 |
NN |
denotes |
metabolism |
T3853 |
3718-3720 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3854 |
3721-3724 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3856 |
3725-3729 |
JJ |
denotes |
lean |
T3855 |
3730-3739 |
NN |
denotes |
condition |
T3857 |
3739-3740 |
. |
denotes |
? |
T3858 |
3740-3941 |
sentence |
denotes |
This has not been explored; however, insulin resistance in the elderly is confined mostly to skeletal muscle and may be due to reduction of mitochondrial number and/or function (Petersen et al. 2003). |
T3859 |
3741-3745 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3861 |
3746-3749 |
VBZ |
denotes |
has |
T3862 |
3750-3753 |
RB |
denotes |
not |
T3863 |
3754-3758 |
VBN |
denotes |
been |
T3860 |
3759-3767 |
VBN |
denotes |
explored |
T3865 |
3767-3768 |
: |
denotes |
; |
T3866 |
3769-3776 |
RB |
denotes |
however |
T3867 |
3776-3778 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3868 |
3778-3785 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3869 |
3786-3796 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3870 |
3797-3799 |
IN |
denotes |
in |
T3871 |
3800-3803 |
DT |
denotes |
the |
T3872 |
3804-3811 |
JJ |
denotes |
elderly |
T3873 |
3812-3814 |
VBZ |
denotes |
is |
T3864 |
3815-3823 |
VBN |
denotes |
confined |
T3874 |
3824-3830 |
RB |
denotes |
mostly |
T3875 |
3831-3833 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3876 |
3834-3842 |
JJ |
denotes |
skeletal |
T3877 |
3843-3849 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3878 |
3850-3853 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3879 |
3854-3857 |
MD |
denotes |
may |
T3880 |
3858-3860 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3881 |
3861-3864 |
IN |
denotes |
due |
T3882 |
3865-3867 |
IN |
denotes |
to |
T3883 |
3868-3877 |
NN |
denotes |
reduction |
T3884 |
3878-3880 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3885 |
3881-3894 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3886 |
3895-3901 |
NN |
denotes |
number |
T3887 |
3902-3905 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3888 |
3905-3906 |
HYPH |
denotes |
/ |
T3889 |
3906-3908 |
CC |
denotes |
or |
T3890 |
3909-3917 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3891 |
3918-3919 |
-LRB- |
denotes |
( |
T3892 |
3919-3927 |
NNP |
denotes |
Petersen |
T3893 |
3928-3930 |
FW |
denotes |
et |
T3894 |
3931-3934 |
FW |
denotes |
al. |
T3895 |
3935-3939 |
CD |
denotes |
2003 |
T3896 |
3939-3940 |
-RRB- |
denotes |
) |
T3897 |
3940-3941 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3898 |
3941-4117 |
sentence |
denotes |
The ability of PPARδ to stimulate mitochondrial biogenesis and oxidative function suggests that PPARδ could be important for control of insulin resistance during normal aging. |
T3899 |
3942-3945 |
DT |
denotes |
The |
T3900 |
3946-3953 |
NN |
denotes |
ability |
T3902 |
3954-3956 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3903 |
3957-3962 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3904 |
3963-3965 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3905 |
3966-3975 |
VB |
denotes |
stimulate |
T3906 |
3976-3989 |
JJ |
denotes |
mitochondrial |
T3907 |
3990-4000 |
NN |
denotes |
biogenesis |
T3908 |
4001-4004 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3909 |
4005-4014 |
JJ |
denotes |
oxidative |
T3910 |
4015-4023 |
NN |
denotes |
function |
T3901 |
4024-4032 |
VBZ |
denotes |
suggests |
T3911 |
4033-4037 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3913 |
4038-4043 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3914 |
4044-4049 |
MD |
denotes |
could |
T3912 |
4050-4052 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3915 |
4053-4062 |
JJ |
denotes |
important |
T3916 |
4063-4066 |
IN |
denotes |
for |
T3917 |
4067-4074 |
NN |
denotes |
control |
T3918 |
4075-4077 |
IN |
denotes |
of |
T3919 |
4078-4085 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3920 |
4086-4096 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3921 |
4097-4103 |
IN |
denotes |
during |
T3922 |
4104-4110 |
JJ |
denotes |
normal |
T3923 |
4111-4116 |
NN |
denotes |
aging |
T3924 |
4116-4117 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3925 |
4117-4331 |
sentence |
denotes |
Together, these data indicate that PPARδ and its ligands comprise a key molecular switch to regulate muscle fiber specification, obesity resistance, insulin sensitivity, and, most surprisingly, physical endurance. |
T3926 |
4118-4126 |
RB |
denotes |
Together |
T3928 |
4126-4128 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3929 |
4128-4133 |
DT |
denotes |
these |
T3930 |
4134-4138 |
NNS |
denotes |
data |
T3927 |
4139-4147 |
VBP |
denotes |
indicate |
T3931 |
4148-4152 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3933 |
4153-4158 |
NN |
denotes |
PPARδ |
T3934 |
4159-4162 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3935 |
4163-4166 |
PRP$ |
denotes |
its |
T3936 |
4167-4174 |
NNS |
denotes |
ligands |
T3932 |
4175-4183 |
VBP |
denotes |
comprise |
T3937 |
4184-4185 |
DT |
denotes |
a |
T3939 |
4186-4189 |
JJ |
denotes |
key |
T3940 |
4190-4199 |
JJ |
denotes |
molecular |
T3938 |
4200-4206 |
NN |
denotes |
switch |
T3941 |
4207-4209 |
TO |
denotes |
to |
T3942 |
4210-4218 |
VB |
denotes |
regulate |
T3943 |
4219-4225 |
NN |
denotes |
muscle |
T3944 |
4226-4231 |
NN |
denotes |
fiber |
T3945 |
4232-4245 |
NN |
denotes |
specification |
T3946 |
4245-4247 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3947 |
4247-4254 |
NN |
denotes |
obesity |
T3948 |
4255-4265 |
NN |
denotes |
resistance |
T3949 |
4265-4267 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3950 |
4267-4274 |
NN |
denotes |
insulin |
T3951 |
4275-4286 |
NN |
denotes |
sensitivity |
T3952 |
4286-4288 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3953 |
4288-4291 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3954 |
4291-4293 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3955 |
4293-4297 |
RBS |
denotes |
most |
T3956 |
4298-4310 |
RB |
denotes |
surprisingly |
T3958 |
4310-4312 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3959 |
4312-4320 |
JJ |
denotes |
physical |
T3957 |
4321-4330 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T3960 |
4330-4331 |
. |
denotes |
. |
T3961 |
4331-4471 |
sentence |
denotes |
This work demonstrates that complex physiologic properties such as fatigue, endurance, and running capacity can be genetically manipulated. |
T3962 |
4332-4336 |
DT |
denotes |
This |
T3963 |
4337-4341 |
NN |
denotes |
work |
T3964 |
4342-4354 |
VBZ |
denotes |
demonstrates |
T3965 |
4355-4359 |
IN |
denotes |
that |
T3967 |
4360-4367 |
JJ |
denotes |
complex |
T3969 |
4368-4379 |
JJ |
denotes |
physiologic |
T3968 |
4380-4390 |
NNS |
denotes |
properties |
T3970 |
4391-4395 |
JJ |
denotes |
such |
T3971 |
4396-4398 |
IN |
denotes |
as |
T3972 |
4399-4406 |
NN |
denotes |
fatigue |
T3973 |
4406-4408 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3974 |
4408-4417 |
NN |
denotes |
endurance |
T3975 |
4417-4419 |
, |
denotes |
, |
T3976 |
4419-4422 |
CC |
denotes |
and |
T3977 |
4423-4430 |
NN |
denotes |
running |
T3978 |
4431-4439 |
NN |
denotes |
capacity |
T3979 |
4440-4443 |
MD |
denotes |
can |
T3980 |
4444-4446 |
VB |
denotes |
be |
T3981 |
4447-4458 |
RB |
denotes |
genetically |
T3966 |
4459-4470 |
VBN |
denotes |
manipulated |
T3982 |
4470-4471 |
. |
denotes |
. |
R2169 |
T3182 |
T3183 |
poss |
Our,data |
R2170 |
T3183 |
T3184 |
nsubj |
data,reveal |
R2171 |
T3185 |
T3186 |
mark |
that,regulate |
R2172 |
T3186 |
T3184 |
ccomp |
regulate,reveal |
R2173 |
T3187 |
T3188 |
det |
a,pathway |
R2174 |
T3188 |
T3186 |
nsubj |
pathway,regulate |
R2175 |
T3189 |
T3190 |
npadvmod |
PPARδ,mediated |
R2176 |
T3190 |
T3188 |
amod |
mediated,pathway |
R2177 |
T3191 |
T3190 |
punct |
-,mediated |
R2178 |
T3192 |
T3188 |
amod |
transcriptional,pathway |
R2179 |
T3193 |
T3186 |
aux |
can,regulate |
R2180 |
T3194 |
T3195 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2181 |
T3195 |
T3196 |
compound |
fiber,specification |
R2182 |
T3196 |
T3186 |
dobj |
specification,regulate |
R2183 |
T3197 |
T3186 |
punct |
", ",regulate |
R2184 |
T3198 |
T3186 |
advcl |
enabling,regulate |
R2185 |
T3199 |
T3200 |
det |
the,generation |
R2186 |
T3200 |
T3198 |
dobj |
generation,enabling |
R2187 |
T3201 |
T3200 |
prep |
of,generation |
R2188 |
T3202 |
T3203 |
det |
a,strain |
R2189 |
T3203 |
T3201 |
pobj |
strain,of |
R2190 |
T3204 |
T3203 |
prep |
of,strain |
R2191 |
T3205 |
T3204 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2192 |
T3206 |
T3203 |
prep |
with,strain |
R2193 |
T3207 |
T3208 |
det |
a,phenotype |
R2194 |
T3208 |
T3206 |
pobj |
phenotype,with |
R2195 |
T3209 |
T3208 |
punct |
“,phenotype |
R2196 |
T3210 |
T3211 |
amod |
long,distance |
R2197 |
T3211 |
T3213 |
nmod |
distance,running |
R2198 |
T3212 |
T3211 |
punct |
-,distance |
R2199 |
T3213 |
T3208 |
nmod |
running,phenotype |
R2200 |
T3214 |
T3208 |
punct |
”,phenotype |
R2201 |
T3215 |
T3184 |
punct |
.,reveal |
R2202 |
T3217 |
T3218 |
nsubj |
We,show |
R2203 |
T3219 |
T3220 |
mark |
that,produces |
R2204 |
T3220 |
T3218 |
ccomp |
produces,show |
R2205 |
T3221 |
T3222 |
amod |
targeted,expression |
R2206 |
T3222 |
T3220 |
nsubj |
expression,produces |
R2207 |
T3223 |
T3222 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2208 |
T3224 |
T3225 |
det |
an,form |
R2209 |
T3225 |
T3223 |
pobj |
form,of |
R2210 |
T3226 |
T3225 |
amod |
activated,form |
R2211 |
T3227 |
T3225 |
prep |
of,form |
R2212 |
T3228 |
T3227 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2213 |
T3229 |
T3230 |
amod |
profound,increases |
R2214 |
T3230 |
T3220 |
dobj |
increases,produces |
R2215 |
T3231 |
T3229 |
cc |
and,profound |
R2216 |
T3232 |
T3229 |
conj |
coordinated,profound |
R2217 |
T3233 |
T3230 |
prep |
in,increases |
R2218 |
T3234 |
T3235 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2219 |
T3235 |
T3233 |
pobj |
enzymes,in |
R2220 |
T3236 |
T3235 |
punct |
", ",enzymes |
R2221 |
T3237 |
T3238 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2222 |
T3238 |
T3235 |
conj |
biogenesis,enzymes |
R2223 |
T3239 |
T3238 |
punct |
", ",biogenesis |
R2224 |
T3240 |
T3238 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R2225 |
T3241 |
T3238 |
conj |
production,biogenesis |
R2226 |
T3242 |
T3241 |
prep |
of,production |
R2227 |
T3243 |
T3244 |
amod |
specialized,proteins |
R2228 |
T3244 |
T3242 |
pobj |
proteins,of |
R2229 |
T3245 |
T3246 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R2230 |
T3246 |
T3244 |
nmod |
fiber,proteins |
R2231 |
T3247 |
T3245 |
nummod |
I,type |
R2232 |
T3248 |
T3244 |
amod |
contractile,proteins |
R2233 |
T3249 |
T3235 |
punct |
—,enzymes |
R2234 |
T3250 |
T3251 |
det |
the,hallmarks |
R2235 |
T3251 |
T3235 |
appos |
hallmarks,enzymes |
R2236 |
T3252 |
T3251 |
nummod |
three,hallmarks |
R2237 |
T3253 |
T3251 |
prep |
for,hallmarks |
R2238 |
T3254 |
T3255 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2239 |
T3255 |
T3256 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2240 |
T3256 |
T3253 |
pobj |
switching,for |
R2241 |
T3257 |
T3256 |
compound |
type,switching |
R2242 |
T3258 |
T3259 |
punct |
(,Figure |
R2243 |
T3259 |
T3220 |
parataxis |
Figure,produces |
R2244 |
T3260 |
T3259 |
nummod |
6C,Figure |
R2245 |
T3261 |
T3259 |
punct |
),Figure |
R2246 |
T3262 |
T3218 |
punct |
.,show |
R2247 |
T3264 |
T3265 |
mark |
While,seen |
R2248 |
T3265 |
T3275 |
advcl |
seen,are |
R2249 |
T3266 |
T3265 |
nsubjpass |
induction,seen |
R2250 |
T3267 |
T3266 |
prep |
of,induction |
R2251 |
T3268 |
T3269 |
compound |
muscle,enzymes |
R2252 |
T3269 |
T3267 |
pobj |
enzymes,of |
R2253 |
T3270 |
T3269 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2254 |
T3271 |
T3266 |
prep |
by,induction |
R2255 |
T3272 |
T3271 |
pobj |
PPARδ,by |
R2256 |
T3273 |
T3265 |
aux |
has,seen |
R2257 |
T3274 |
T3265 |
auxpass |
been,seen |
R2258 |
T3276 |
T3277 |
preconj |
both,vivo |
R2259 |
T3277 |
T3265 |
advmod |
vivo,seen |
R2260 |
T3278 |
T3277 |
advmod |
in,vivo |
R2261 |
T3279 |
T3277 |
cc |
and,vivo |
R2262 |
T3280 |
T3281 |
advmod |
in,vitro |
R2263 |
T3281 |
T3277 |
conj |
vitro,vivo |
R2264 |
T3282 |
T3283 |
punct |
(,Muoio |
R2265 |
T3283 |
T3265 |
meta |
Muoio,seen |
R2266 |
T3284 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2267 |
T3285 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2268 |
T3286 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2002,Muoio |
R2269 |
T3287 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2270 |
T3288 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Dressel,Muoio |
R2271 |
T3289 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2272 |
T3290 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2273 |
T3291 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2274 |
T3292 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2275 |
T3293 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Luquet,Muoio |
R2276 |
T3294 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2277 |
T3295 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2278 |
T3296 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2279 |
T3297 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2280 |
T3298 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Tanaka,Muoio |
R2281 |
T3299 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2282 |
T3300 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2283 |
T3301 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2284 |
T3302 |
T3283 |
punct |
;,Muoio |
R2285 |
T3303 |
T3283 |
nmod |
Wang,Muoio |
R2286 |
T3304 |
T3283 |
nmod |
et,Muoio |
R2287 |
T3305 |
T3283 |
nmod |
al.,Muoio |
R2288 |
T3306 |
T3283 |
nummod |
2003,Muoio |
R2289 |
T3307 |
T3283 |
punct |
),Muoio |
R2290 |
T3308 |
T3275 |
punct |
", ",are |
R2291 |
T3309 |
T3310 |
poss |
its,effects |
R2292 |
T3310 |
T3275 |
nsubj |
effects,are |
R2293 |
T3311 |
T3310 |
acl |
shown,effects |
R2294 |
T3312 |
T3311 |
advmod |
here,shown |
R2295 |
T3313 |
T3311 |
prep |
on,shown |
R2296 |
T3314 |
T3315 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2297 |
T3315 |
T3316 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2298 |
T3316 |
T3313 |
pobj |
switching,on |
R2299 |
T3317 |
T3275 |
acomp |
unexpected,are |
R2300 |
T3318 |
T3275 |
punct |
.,are |
R2301 |
T3320 |
T3321 |
det |
These,changes |
R2302 |
T3321 |
T3323 |
nsubj |
changes,lead |
R2303 |
T3322 |
T3321 |
amod |
progressive,changes |
R2304 |
T3324 |
T3321 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2305 |
T3325 |
T3326 |
amod |
oxidative,capacity |
R2306 |
T3326 |
T3324 |
pobj |
capacity,in |
R2307 |
T3327 |
T3321 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2308 |
T3328 |
T3327 |
pobj |
conjunction,in |
R2309 |
T3329 |
T3328 |
prep |
with,conjunction |
R2310 |
T3330 |
T3331 |
amod |
eventual,changes |
R2311 |
T3331 |
T3329 |
pobj |
changes,with |
R2312 |
T3332 |
T3331 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2313 |
T3333 |
T3334 |
nmod |
type,fiber |
R2314 |
T3334 |
T3332 |
pobj |
fiber,in |
R2315 |
T3335 |
T3333 |
nummod |
I,type |
R2316 |
T3336 |
T3334 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2317 |
T3337 |
T3323 |
prep |
to,lead |
R2318 |
T3338 |
T3339 |
det |
a,profile |
R2319 |
T3339 |
T3337 |
pobj |
profile,to |
R2320 |
T3340 |
T3341 |
advmod |
dramatically,improved |
R2321 |
T3341 |
T3339 |
amod |
improved,profile |
R2322 |
T3342 |
T3339 |
compound |
exercise,profile |
R2323 |
T3343 |
T3339 |
cc |
and,profile |
R2324 |
T3344 |
T3339 |
conj |
protection,profile |
R2325 |
T3345 |
T3344 |
prep |
against,protection |
R2326 |
T3346 |
T3345 |
pobj |
obesity,against |
R2327 |
T3347 |
T3323 |
punct |
.,lead |
R2328 |
T3349 |
T3350 |
nsubj |
This,depend |
R2329 |
T3351 |
T3350 |
aux |
does,depend |
R2330 |
T3352 |
T3350 |
neg |
not,depend |
R2331 |
T3353 |
T3350 |
advmod |
solely,depend |
R2332 |
T3354 |
T3350 |
prep |
on,depend |
R2333 |
T3355 |
T3354 |
pcomp |
achieving,on |
R2334 |
T3356 |
T3357 |
det |
a,switch |
R2335 |
T3357 |
T3355 |
dobj |
switch,achieving |
R2336 |
T3358 |
T3357 |
amod |
directed,switch |
R2337 |
T3359 |
T3360 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2338 |
T3360 |
T3357 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2339 |
T3361 |
T3357 |
compound |
type,switch |
R2340 |
T3362 |
T3350 |
cc |
but,depend |
R2341 |
T3363 |
T3364 |
advmod |
also,requires |
R2342 |
T3364 |
T3350 |
conj |
requires,depend |
R2343 |
T3365 |
T3366 |
predet |
all,changes |
R2344 |
T3366 |
T3364 |
dobj |
changes,requires |
R2345 |
T3367 |
T3366 |
det |
the,changes |
R2346 |
T3368 |
T3366 |
amod |
associated,changes |
R2347 |
T3369 |
T3366 |
prep |
in,changes |
R2348 |
T3370 |
T3371 |
amod |
neural,innervation |
R2349 |
T3371 |
T3369 |
pobj |
innervation,in |
R2350 |
T3372 |
T3371 |
punct |
", ",innervation |
R2351 |
T3373 |
T3374 |
compound |
motor,neuron |
R2352 |
T3374 |
T3375 |
compound |
neuron,function |
R2353 |
T3375 |
T3371 |
conj |
function,innervation |
R2354 |
T3376 |
T3375 |
punct |
", ",function |
R2355 |
T3377 |
T3375 |
cc |
and,function |
R2356 |
T3378 |
T3379 |
amod |
peripheral,adaptation |
R2357 |
T3379 |
T3375 |
conj |
adaptation,function |
R2358 |
T3380 |
T3379 |
amod |
metabolic,adaptation |
R2359 |
T3381 |
T3382 |
aux |
to,enable |
R2360 |
T3382 |
T3364 |
advcl |
enable,requires |
R2361 |
T3383 |
T3384 |
det |
a,response |
R2362 |
T3384 |
T3382 |
dobj |
response,enable |
R2363 |
T3385 |
T3384 |
amod |
new,response |
R2364 |
T3386 |
T3384 |
amod |
integrated,response |
R2365 |
T3387 |
T3384 |
amod |
physiological,response |
R2366 |
T3388 |
T3350 |
punct |
.,depend |
R2367 |
T3390 |
T3391 |
advmod |
Accordingly,recapitulates |
R2368 |
T3392 |
T3391 |
punct |
", ",recapitulates |
R2369 |
T3393 |
T3391 |
nsubj |
activation,recapitulates |
R2370 |
T3394 |
T3393 |
prep |
of,activation |
R2371 |
T3395 |
T3396 |
compound |
muscle,PPARδ |
R2372 |
T3396 |
T3394 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2373 |
T3397 |
T3391 |
advmod |
essentially,recapitulates |
R2374 |
T3398 |
T3399 |
det |
the,effects |
R2375 |
T3399 |
T3391 |
dobj |
effects,recapitulates |
R2376 |
T3400 |
T3399 |
prep |
of,effects |
R2377 |
T3401 |
T3402 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2378 |
T3402 |
T3400 |
pobj |
training,of |
R2379 |
T3403 |
T3404 |
advmod |
even,in |
R2380 |
T3404 |
T3391 |
prep |
in,recapitulates |
R2381 |
T3405 |
T3406 |
det |
the,absence |
R2382 |
T3406 |
T3404 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R2383 |
T3407 |
T3406 |
prep |
of,absence |
R2384 |
T3408 |
T3407 |
pobj |
training,of |
R2385 |
T3409 |
T3408 |
appos |
itself,training |
R2386 |
T3410 |
T3391 |
punct |
.,recapitulates |
R2387 |
T3412 |
T3413 |
prep |
To,described |
R2388 |
T3414 |
T3415 |
poss |
our,knowledge |
R2389 |
T3415 |
T3412 |
pobj |
knowledge,To |
R2390 |
T3416 |
T3413 |
punct |
", ",described |
R2391 |
T3417 |
T3413 |
nsubjpass |
this,described |
R2392 |
T3418 |
T3413 |
aux |
has,described |
R2393 |
T3419 |
T3413 |
neg |
not,described |
R2394 |
T3420 |
T3413 |
auxpass |
been,described |
R2395 |
T3421 |
T3413 |
advmod |
directly,described |
R2396 |
T3422 |
T3413 |
prep |
for,described |
R2397 |
T3423 |
T3424 |
det |
any,factor |
R2398 |
T3424 |
T3422 |
pobj |
factor,for |
R2399 |
T3425 |
T3424 |
amod |
other,factor |
R2400 |
T3426 |
T3424 |
amod |
transcriptional,factor |
R2401 |
T3427 |
T3413 |
punct |
.,described |
R2402 |
T3429 |
T3430 |
det |
The,phenotypes |
R2403 |
T3430 |
T3432 |
nsubj |
phenotypes,are |
R2404 |
T3431 |
T3430 |
compound |
muscle,phenotypes |
R2405 |
T3433 |
T3430 |
acl |
described,phenotypes |
R2406 |
T3434 |
T3433 |
advmod |
here,described |
R2407 |
T3435 |
T3436 |
advmod |
remarkably,similar |
R2408 |
T3436 |
T3432 |
acomp |
similar,are |
R2409 |
T3437 |
T3436 |
prep |
to,similar |
R2410 |
T3438 |
T3437 |
pobj |
those,to |
R2411 |
T3439 |
T3438 |
prep |
of,those |
R2412 |
T3440 |
T3441 |
amod |
transgenic,mice |
R2413 |
T3441 |
T3439 |
pobj |
mice,of |
R2414 |
T3442 |
T3441 |
acl |
expressing,mice |
R2415 |
T3443 |
T3444 |
preconj |
either,calcineurin |
R2416 |
T3444 |
T3442 |
dobj |
calcineurin,expressing |
R2417 |
T3445 |
T3444 |
punct |
", ",calcineurin |
R2418 |
T3446 |
T3447 |
npadvmod |
calmodulin,dependent |
R2419 |
T3447 |
T3449 |
amod |
dependent,kinase |
R2420 |
T3448 |
T3447 |
punct |
-,dependent |
R2421 |
T3449 |
T3444 |
conj |
kinase,calcineurin |
R2422 |
T3450 |
T3449 |
punct |
", ",kinase |
R2423 |
T3451 |
T3449 |
cc |
or,kinase |
R2424 |
T3452 |
T3449 |
conj |
PGC,kinase |
R2425 |
T3453 |
T3452 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2426 |
T3454 |
T3452 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2427 |
T3455 |
T3456 |
punct |
(,Naya |
R2428 |
T3456 |
T3432 |
meta |
Naya,are |
R2429 |
T3457 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2430 |
T3458 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2431 |
T3459 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2000,Naya |
R2432 |
T3460 |
T3456 |
punct |
;,Naya |
R2433 |
T3461 |
T3456 |
nmod |
Lin,Naya |
R2434 |
T3462 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2435 |
T3463 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2436 |
T3464 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2002,Naya |
R2437 |
T3465 |
T3456 |
punct |
;,Naya |
R2438 |
T3466 |
T3456 |
nmod |
Wu,Naya |
R2439 |
T3467 |
T3456 |
nmod |
et,Naya |
R2440 |
T3468 |
T3456 |
nmod |
al.,Naya |
R2441 |
T3469 |
T3456 |
nummod |
2002,Naya |
R2442 |
T3470 |
T3456 |
punct |
),Naya |
R2443 |
T3471 |
T3432 |
punct |
", ",are |
R2444 |
T3472 |
T3432 |
advcl |
indicating,are |
R2445 |
T3473 |
T3474 |
mark |
that,be |
R2446 |
T3474 |
T3472 |
ccomp |
be,indicating |
R2447 |
T3475 |
T3474 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,be |
R2448 |
T3476 |
T3474 |
aux |
could,be |
R2449 |
T3477 |
T3474 |
attr |
one,be |
R2450 |
T3478 |
T3477 |
prep |
of,one |
R2451 |
T3479 |
T3480 |
det |
the,factors |
R2452 |
T3480 |
T3478 |
pobj |
factors,of |
R2453 |
T3481 |
T3480 |
amod |
hypothetical,factors |
R2454 |
T3482 |
T3480 |
amod |
downstream,factors |
R2455 |
T3483 |
T3480 |
compound |
transcription,factors |
R2456 |
T3484 |
T3480 |
prep |
of,factors |
R2457 |
T3485 |
T3486 |
det |
these,pathways |
R2458 |
T3486 |
T3484 |
pobj |
pathways,of |
R2459 |
T3487 |
T3432 |
punct |
.,are |
R2460 |
T3489 |
T3490 |
nsubj |
It,is |
R2461 |
T3491 |
T3490 |
acomp |
important,is |
R2462 |
T3492 |
T3493 |
aux |
to,note |
R2463 |
T3493 |
T3490 |
xcomp |
note,is |
R2464 |
T3494 |
T3495 |
mark |
that,needs |
R2465 |
T3495 |
T3493 |
ccomp |
needs,note |
R2466 |
T3496 |
T3495 |
punct |
", ",needs |
R2467 |
T3497 |
T3495 |
prep |
from,needs |
R2468 |
T3498 |
T3499 |
poss |
our,studies |
R2469 |
T3499 |
T3497 |
pobj |
studies,from |
R2470 |
T3500 |
T3499 |
nmod |
ligand,studies |
R2471 |
T3501 |
T3500 |
cc |
and,ligand |
R2472 |
T3502 |
T3500 |
conj |
gain,ligand |
R2473 |
T3503 |
T3502 |
punct |
-,gain |
R2474 |
T3504 |
T3502 |
prep |
of,gain |
R2475 |
T3505 |
T3504 |
punct |
-,of |
R2476 |
T3506 |
T3504 |
pobj |
function,of |
R2477 |
T3507 |
T3499 |
amod |
transgenic,studies |
R2478 |
T3508 |
T3495 |
punct |
", ",needs |
R2479 |
T3509 |
T3495 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,needs |
R2480 |
T3510 |
T3511 |
aux |
to,activated |
R2481 |
T3511 |
T3495 |
xcomp |
activated,needs |
R2482 |
T3512 |
T3511 |
auxpass |
be,activated |
R2483 |
T3513 |
T3511 |
prep |
in,activated |
R2484 |
T3514 |
T3513 |
pobj |
order,in |
R2485 |
T3515 |
T3516 |
aux |
to,direct |
R2486 |
T3516 |
T3514 |
acl |
direct,order |
R2487 |
T3517 |
T3518 |
det |
the,switch |
R2488 |
T3518 |
T3516 |
dobj |
switch,direct |
R2489 |
T3519 |
T3520 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2490 |
T3520 |
T3518 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2491 |
T3521 |
T3490 |
punct |
.,is |
R2492 |
T3523 |
T3524 |
advmod |
Indeed,found |
R2493 |
T3525 |
T3524 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2494 |
T3526 |
T3524 |
prep |
in,found |
R2495 |
T3527 |
T3528 |
det |
a,report |
R2496 |
T3528 |
T3526 |
pobj |
report,in |
R2497 |
T3529 |
T3528 |
amod |
recent,report |
R2498 |
T3530 |
T3528 |
prep |
by,report |
R2499 |
T3531 |
T3530 |
pobj |
Luquet,by |
R2500 |
T3532 |
T3533 |
advmod |
et,al. |
R2501 |
T3533 |
T3531 |
advmod |
al.,Luquet |
R2502 |
T3534 |
T3531 |
punct |
(,Luquet |
R2503 |
T3535 |
T3531 |
npadvmod |
2003,Luquet |
R2504 |
T3536 |
T3531 |
punct |
),Luquet |
R2505 |
T3537 |
T3524 |
punct |
", ",found |
R2506 |
T3538 |
T3539 |
amod |
simple,overexpression |
R2507 |
T3539 |
T3524 |
nsubjpass |
overexpression,found |
R2508 |
T3540 |
T3539 |
prep |
of,overexpression |
R2509 |
T3541 |
T3542 |
amod |
wild,type |
R2510 |
T3542 |
T3544 |
compound |
type,PPARδ |
R2511 |
T3543 |
T3542 |
punct |
-,type |
R2512 |
T3544 |
T3540 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2513 |
T3545 |
T3539 |
prep |
in,overexpression |
R2514 |
T3546 |
T3545 |
pobj |
muscle,in |
R2515 |
T3547 |
T3524 |
auxpass |
was,found |
R2516 |
T3548 |
T3549 |
neg |
not,be |
R2517 |
T3549 |
T3524 |
xcomp |
be,found |
R2518 |
T3550 |
T3549 |
aux |
to,be |
R2519 |
T3551 |
T3549 |
acomp |
sufficient,be |
R2520 |
T3552 |
T3553 |
aux |
to,promote |
R2521 |
T3553 |
T3551 |
xcomp |
promote,sufficient |
R2522 |
T3554 |
T3555 |
det |
a,switch |
R2523 |
T3555 |
T3553 |
dobj |
switch,promote |
R2524 |
T3556 |
T3555 |
compound |
fiber,switch |
R2525 |
T3557 |
T3555 |
cc |
or,switch |
R2526 |
T3558 |
T3559 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R2527 |
T3559 |
T3555 |
conj |
resistance,switch |
R2528 |
T3560 |
T3549 |
punct |
", ",be |
R2529 |
T3561 |
T3562 |
mark |
although,increased |
R2530 |
T3562 |
T3549 |
advcl |
increased,be |
R2531 |
T3563 |
T3564 |
amod |
certain,enzymes |
R2532 |
T3564 |
T3562 |
nsubjpass |
enzymes,increased |
R2533 |
T3565 |
T3564 |
compound |
oxidation,enzymes |
R2534 |
T3566 |
T3562 |
auxpass |
were,increased |
R2535 |
T3567 |
T3524 |
punct |
.,found |
R2536 |
T3569 |
T3570 |
nsubj |
This,supports |
R2537 |
T3571 |
T3572 |
det |
the,model |
R2538 |
T3572 |
T3570 |
dobj |
model,supports |
R2539 |
T3573 |
T3572 |
prep |
in,model |
R2540 |
T3574 |
T3573 |
pobj |
Figure,in |
R2541 |
T3575 |
T3574 |
nummod |
6C,Figure |
R2542 |
T3576 |
T3577 |
mark |
that,is |
R2543 |
T3577 |
T3572 |
acl |
is,model |
R2544 |
T3578 |
T3579 |
det |
the,signal |
R2545 |
T3579 |
T3577 |
nsubj |
signal,is |
R2546 |
T3580 |
T3579 |
amod |
activating,signal |
R2547 |
T3581 |
T3579 |
cc |
or,signal |
R2548 |
T3582 |
T3579 |
conj |
ligand,signal |
R2549 |
T3583 |
T3579 |
punct |
", ",signal |
R2550 |
T3584 |
T3579 |
cc |
but,signal |
R2551 |
T3585 |
T3584 |
neg |
not,but |
R2552 |
T3586 |
T3587 |
det |
the,receptor |
R2553 |
T3587 |
T3579 |
conj |
receptor,signal |
R2554 |
T3588 |
T3577 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2555 |
T3589 |
T3577 |
acomp |
limiting,is |
R2556 |
T3590 |
T3570 |
punct |
.,supports |
R2557 |
T3592 |
T3593 |
advmod |
Thus,is |
R2558 |
T3594 |
T3593 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2559 |
T3595 |
T3596 |
compound |
PPARδ,activation |
R2560 |
T3596 |
T3593 |
nsubj |
activation,is |
R2561 |
T3597 |
T3596 |
punct |
", ",activation |
R2562 |
T3598 |
T3599 |
advmod |
rather,than |
R2563 |
T3599 |
T3596 |
cc |
than,activation |
R2564 |
T3600 |
T3601 |
advmod |
merely,increase |
R2565 |
T3601 |
T3596 |
conj |
increase,activation |
R2566 |
T3602 |
T3601 |
det |
an,increase |
R2567 |
T3603 |
T3601 |
prep |
of,increase |
R2568 |
T3604 |
T3605 |
compound |
PPARδ,levels |
R2569 |
T3605 |
T3603 |
pobj |
levels,of |
R2570 |
T3606 |
T3593 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2571 |
T3607 |
T3608 |
det |
an,element |
R2572 |
T3608 |
T3593 |
attr |
element,is |
R2573 |
T3609 |
T3608 |
amod |
essential,element |
R2574 |
T3610 |
T3608 |
prep |
for,element |
R2575 |
T3611 |
T3612 |
compound |
fiber,switching |
R2576 |
T3612 |
T3610 |
pobj |
switching,for |
R2577 |
T3613 |
T3612 |
cc |
and,switching |
R2578 |
T3614 |
T3615 |
poss |
its,manifestations |
R2579 |
T3615 |
T3612 |
conj |
manifestations,switching |
R2580 |
T3616 |
T3615 |
amod |
associated,manifestations |
R2581 |
T3617 |
T3615 |
amod |
functional,manifestations |
R2582 |
T3618 |
T3593 |
punct |
.,is |
R2583 |
T3620 |
T3621 |
advmod |
How,become |
R2584 |
T3622 |
T3621 |
aux |
might,become |
R2585 |
T3623 |
T3624 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R2586 |
T3624 |
T3621 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,become |
R2587 |
T3625 |
T3621 |
acomp |
activated,become |
R2588 |
T3626 |
T3621 |
advmod |
naturally,become |
R2589 |
T3627 |
T3621 |
prep |
by,become |
R2590 |
T3628 |
T3629 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2591 |
T3629 |
T3627 |
pobj |
training,by |
R2592 |
T3630 |
T3621 |
punct |
?,become |
R2593 |
T3632 |
T3633 |
advmod |
First,is |
R2594 |
T3634 |
T3633 |
punct |
", ",is |
R2595 |
T3635 |
T3633 |
nsubj |
it,is |
R2596 |
T3636 |
T3633 |
acomp |
possible,is |
R2597 |
T3637 |
T3638 |
mark |
that,generates |
R2598 |
T3638 |
T3633 |
ccomp |
generates,is |
R2599 |
T3639 |
T3638 |
nsubj |
exercise,generates |
R2600 |
T3640 |
T3638 |
cc |
or,generates |
R2601 |
T3641 |
T3638 |
conj |
increases,generates |
R2602 |
T3642 |
T3643 |
amod |
endogenous,ligands |
R2603 |
T3643 |
T3641 |
dobj |
ligands,increases |
R2604 |
T3644 |
T3641 |
prep |
for,increases |
R2605 |
T3645 |
T3644 |
pobj |
PPARδ,for |
R2606 |
T3646 |
T3647 |
mark |
as,undergoing |
R2607 |
T3647 |
T3641 |
advcl |
undergoing,increases |
R2608 |
T3648 |
T3647 |
nsubj |
tissues,undergoing |
R2609 |
T3649 |
T3647 |
aux |
are,undergoing |
R2610 |
T3650 |
T3651 |
amod |
substantial,increases |
R2611 |
T3651 |
T3647 |
dobj |
increases,undergoing |
R2612 |
T3652 |
T3651 |
prep |
in,increases |
R2613 |
T3653 |
T3654 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R2614 |
T3654 |
T3652 |
pobj |
acid,in |
R2615 |
T3655 |
T3654 |
punct |
-,acid |
R2616 |
T3656 |
T3654 |
appos |
internalization,acid |
R2617 |
T3657 |
T3656 |
cc |
and,internalization |
R2618 |
T3658 |
T3656 |
conj |
burning,internalization |
R2619 |
T3659 |
T3633 |
punct |
.,is |
R2620 |
T3661 |
T3662 |
amod |
Fatty,acids |
R2621 |
T3662 |
T3663 |
nsubj |
acids,activate |
R2622 |
T3664 |
T3662 |
cc |
and,acids |
R2623 |
T3665 |
T3666 |
poss |
their,metabolites |
R2624 |
T3666 |
T3662 |
conj |
metabolites,acids |
R2625 |
T3667 |
T3663 |
aux |
can,activate |
R2626 |
T3668 |
T3663 |
dobj |
PPARδ,activate |
R2627 |
T3669 |
T3663 |
punct |
.,activate |
R2628 |
T3671 |
T3672 |
det |
A,model |
R2629 |
T3672 |
T3674 |
nsubj |
model,is |
R2630 |
T3673 |
T3672 |
amod |
second,model |
R2631 |
T3675 |
T3676 |
mark |
that,induce |
R2632 |
T3676 |
T3674 |
ccomp |
induce,is |
R2633 |
T3677 |
T3676 |
nsubj |
exercise,induce |
R2634 |
T3678 |
T3676 |
aux |
may,induce |
R2635 |
T3679 |
T3676 |
dobj |
expression,induce |
R2636 |
T3680 |
T3679 |
prep |
of,expression |
R2637 |
T3681 |
T3680 |
pobj |
PGC,of |
R2638 |
T3682 |
T3681 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2639 |
T3683 |
T3681 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2640 |
T3684 |
T3685 |
punct |
(,Goto |
R2641 |
T3685 |
T3676 |
meta |
Goto,induce |
R2642 |
T3686 |
T3685 |
nmod |
et,Goto |
R2643 |
T3687 |
T3685 |
nmod |
al.,Goto |
R2644 |
T3688 |
T3685 |
nummod |
2000,Goto |
R2645 |
T3689 |
T3685 |
punct |
),Goto |
R2646 |
T3690 |
T3676 |
cc |
and,induce |
R2647 |
T3691 |
T3692 |
advmod |
thereby,activate |
R2648 |
T3692 |
T3676 |
conj |
activate,induce |
R2649 |
T3693 |
T3692 |
dobj |
PPARδ,activate |
R2650 |
T3694 |
T3674 |
punct |
.,is |
R2651 |
T3696 |
T3697 |
nsubj |
This,is |
R2652 |
T3698 |
T3697 |
acomp |
consistent,is |
R2653 |
T3699 |
T3698 |
prep |
with,consistent |
R2654 |
T3700 |
T3701 |
amod |
previous,work |
R2655 |
T3701 |
T3699 |
pobj |
work,with |
R2656 |
T3702 |
T3703 |
prep |
in,shown |
R2657 |
T3703 |
T3701 |
relcl |
shown,work |
R2658 |
T3704 |
T3702 |
pobj |
which,in |
R2659 |
T3705 |
T3703 |
nsubj |
we,shown |
R2660 |
T3706 |
T3703 |
aux |
have,shown |
R2661 |
T3707 |
T3708 |
mark |
that,associates |
R2662 |
T3708 |
T3703 |
ccomp |
associates,shown |
R2663 |
T3709 |
T3708 |
nsubj |
PGC,associates |
R2664 |
T3710 |
T3709 |
punct |
-,PGC |
R2665 |
T3711 |
T3709 |
nummod |
1α,PGC |
R2666 |
T3712 |
T3708 |
advmod |
physically,associates |
R2667 |
T3713 |
T3708 |
prep |
with,associates |
R2668 |
T3714 |
T3713 |
pobj |
PPARδ,with |
R2669 |
T3715 |
T3708 |
prep |
in,associates |
R2670 |
T3716 |
T3717 |
compound |
muscle,tissue |
R2671 |
T3717 |
T3715 |
pobj |
tissue,in |
R2672 |
T3718 |
T3708 |
cc |
and,associates |
R2673 |
T3719 |
T3720 |
aux |
can,activate |
R2674 |
T3720 |
T3708 |
conj |
activate,associates |
R2675 |
T3721 |
T3720 |
advmod |
powerfully,activate |
R2676 |
T3722 |
T3720 |
dobj |
it,activate |
R2677 |
T3723 |
T3724 |
advmod |
even,in |
R2678 |
T3724 |
T3720 |
prep |
in,activate |
R2679 |
T3725 |
T3726 |
det |
the,absence |
R2680 |
T3726 |
T3724 |
pobj |
absence,in |
R2681 |
T3727 |
T3726 |
prep |
of,absence |
R2682 |
T3728 |
T3727 |
pobj |
ligands,of |
R2683 |
T3729 |
T3730 |
punct |
(,Wang |
R2684 |
T3730 |
T3703 |
meta |
Wang,shown |
R2685 |
T3731 |
T3730 |
nmod |
et,Wang |
R2686 |
T3732 |
T3730 |
nmod |
al.,Wang |
R2687 |
T3733 |
T3730 |
nummod |
2003,Wang |
R2688 |
T3734 |
T3730 |
punct |
),Wang |
R2689 |
T3735 |
T3697 |
punct |
.,is |
R2690 |
T3737 |
T3738 |
advmod |
Alternatively,activated |
R2691 |
T3739 |
T3738 |
punct |
", ",activated |
R2692 |
T3740 |
T3738 |
nsubjpass |
PPARδ,activated |
R2693 |
T3741 |
T3738 |
aux |
may,activated |
R2694 |
T3742 |
T3738 |
auxpass |
be,activated |
R2695 |
T3743 |
T3738 |
agent |
by,activated |
R2696 |
T3744 |
T3745 |
det |
a,component |
R2697 |
T3745 |
T3743 |
pobj |
component,by |
R2698 |
T3746 |
T3745 |
amod |
distal,component |
R2699 |
T3747 |
T3745 |
amod |
upstream,component |
R2700 |
T3748 |
T3745 |
compound |
signaling,component |
R2701 |
T3749 |
T3750 |
amod |
such,as |
R2702 |
T3750 |
T3745 |
prep |
as,component |
R2703 |
T3751 |
T3752 |
det |
a,cascade |
R2704 |
T3752 |
T3750 |
pobj |
cascade,as |
R2705 |
T3753 |
T3752 |
compound |
kinase,cascade |
R2706 |
T3754 |
T3738 |
punct |
.,activated |
R2707 |
T3756 |
T3757 |
advmod |
Further,dissecting |
R2708 |
T3757 |
T3758 |
csubj |
dissecting,be |
R2709 |
T3759 |
T3760 |
det |
the,interactions |
R2710 |
T3760 |
T3757 |
dobj |
interactions,dissecting |
R2711 |
T3761 |
T3760 |
prep |
between,interactions |
R2712 |
T3762 |
T3761 |
pobj |
PPARδ,between |
R2713 |
T3763 |
T3762 |
cc |
and,PPARδ |
R2714 |
T3764 |
T3765 |
poss |
its,components |
R2715 |
T3765 |
T3762 |
conj |
components,PPARδ |
R2716 |
T3766 |
T3765 |
amod |
regulatory,components |
R2717 |
T3767 |
T3758 |
aux |
will,be |
R2718 |
T3768 |
T3758 |
acomp |
necessary,be |
R2719 |
T3769 |
T3770 |
aux |
to,understand |
R2720 |
T3770 |
T3758 |
advcl |
understand,be |
R2721 |
T3771 |
T3770 |
advmod |
fully,understand |
R2722 |
T3772 |
T3773 |
det |
the,basis |
R2723 |
T3773 |
T3770 |
dobj |
basis,understand |
R2724 |
T3774 |
T3773 |
amod |
molecular,basis |
R2725 |
T3775 |
T3773 |
prep |
of,basis |
R2726 |
T3776 |
T3777 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2727 |
T3777 |
T3778 |
compound |
fiber,determination |
R2728 |
T3778 |
T3775 |
pobj |
determination,of |
R2729 |
T3779 |
T3773 |
amod |
pertinent,basis |
R2730 |
T3780 |
T3779 |
prep |
to,pertinent |
R2731 |
T3781 |
T3782 |
compound |
exercise,training |
R2732 |
T3782 |
T3780 |
pobj |
training,to |
R2733 |
T3783 |
T3758 |
punct |
.,be |
R2734 |
T3785 |
T3786 |
amod |
Skeletal,muscle |
R2735 |
T3786 |
T3787 |
nsubj |
muscle,is |
R2736 |
T3788 |
T3789 |
det |
a,site |
R2737 |
T3789 |
T3787 |
attr |
site,is |
R2738 |
T3790 |
T3789 |
amod |
major,site |
R2739 |
T3791 |
T3792 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R2740 |
T3792 |
T3789 |
advcl |
regulate,site |
R2741 |
T3793 |
T3794 |
amod |
whole,body |
R2742 |
T3794 |
T3796 |
nmod |
body,metabolism |
R2743 |
T3795 |
T3794 |
punct |
-,body |
R2744 |
T3796 |
T3792 |
dobj |
metabolism,regulate |
R2745 |
T3797 |
T3798 |
amod |
fatty,acid |
R2746 |
T3798 |
T3796 |
nmod |
acid,metabolism |
R2747 |
T3799 |
T3798 |
punct |
-,acid |
R2748 |
T3800 |
T3798 |
cc |
and,acid |
R2749 |
T3801 |
T3798 |
conj |
glucose,acid |
R2750 |
T3802 |
T3787 |
punct |
.,is |
R2751 |
T3804 |
T3805 |
nsubj |
We,show |
R2752 |
T3806 |
T3807 |
mark |
that,are |
R2753 |
T3807 |
T3805 |
ccomp |
are,show |
R2754 |
T3808 |
T3807 |
nsubj |
mice,are |
R2755 |
T3809 |
T3808 |
prep |
with,mice |
R2756 |
T3810 |
T3811 |
amod |
increased,fibers |
R2757 |
T3811 |
T3809 |
pobj |
fibers,with |
R2758 |
T3812 |
T3811 |
amod |
oxidative,fibers |
R2759 |
T3813 |
T3807 |
acomp |
resistant,are |
R2760 |
T3814 |
T3813 |
prep |
to,resistant |
R2761 |
T3815 |
T3816 |
amod |
high,fat |
R2762 |
T3816 |
T3818 |
npadvmod |
fat,induced |
R2763 |
T3817 |
T3816 |
punct |
-,fat |
R2764 |
T3818 |
T3820 |
amod |
induced,obesity |
R2765 |
T3819 |
T3818 |
punct |
-,induced |
R2766 |
T3820 |
T3814 |
pobj |
obesity,to |
R2767 |
T3821 |
T3820 |
cc |
and,obesity |
R2768 |
T3822 |
T3823 |
compound |
glucose,intolerance |
R2769 |
T3823 |
T3820 |
conj |
intolerance,obesity |
R2770 |
T3824 |
T3805 |
punct |
.,show |
R2771 |
T3826 |
T3827 |
advmod |
Moreover,provide |
R2772 |
T3828 |
T3827 |
punct |
", ",provide |
R2773 |
T3829 |
T3830 |
compound |
ligand,studies |
R2774 |
T3830 |
T3827 |
nsubj |
studies,provide |
R2775 |
T3831 |
T3832 |
amod |
compelling,evidence |
R2776 |
T3832 |
T3827 |
dobj |
evidence,provide |
R2777 |
T3833 |
T3834 |
mark |
that,produce |
R2778 |
T3834 |
T3832 |
acl |
produce,evidence |
R2779 |
T3835 |
T3834 |
nsubj |
activation,produce |
R2780 |
T3836 |
T3835 |
prep |
of,activation |
R2781 |
T3837 |
T3838 |
amod |
endogenous,PPARδ |
R2782 |
T3838 |
T3836 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2783 |
T3839 |
T3834 |
aux |
can,produce |
R2784 |
T3840 |
T3841 |
amod |
similar,effects |
R2785 |
T3841 |
T3834 |
dobj |
effects,produce |
R2786 |
T3842 |
T3827 |
punct |
.,provide |
R2787 |
T3844 |
T3845 |
aux |
Might,have |
R2788 |
T3846 |
T3845 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,have |
R2789 |
T3847 |
T3848 |
det |
any,effects |
R2790 |
T3848 |
T3845 |
dobj |
effects,have |
R2791 |
T3849 |
T3848 |
amod |
beneficial,effects |
R2792 |
T3850 |
T3848 |
prep |
on,effects |
R2793 |
T3851 |
T3852 |
compound |
glucose,metabolism |
R2794 |
T3852 |
T3850 |
pobj |
metabolism,on |
R2795 |
T3853 |
T3845 |
prep |
in,have |
R2796 |
T3854 |
T3855 |
det |
the,condition |
R2797 |
T3855 |
T3853 |
pobj |
condition,in |
R2798 |
T3856 |
T3855 |
amod |
lean,condition |
R2799 |
T3857 |
T3845 |
punct |
?,have |
R2800 |
T3859 |
T3860 |
nsubjpass |
This,explored |
R2801 |
T3860 |
T3864 |
ccomp |
explored,confined |
R2802 |
T3861 |
T3860 |
aux |
has,explored |
R2803 |
T3862 |
T3860 |
neg |
not,explored |
R2804 |
T3863 |
T3860 |
auxpass |
been,explored |
R2805 |
T3865 |
T3864 |
punct |
;,confined |
R2806 |
T3866 |
T3864 |
advmod |
however,confined |
R2807 |
T3867 |
T3864 |
punct |
", ",confined |
R2808 |
T3868 |
T3869 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R2809 |
T3869 |
T3864 |
nsubjpass |
resistance,confined |
R2810 |
T3870 |
T3869 |
prep |
in,resistance |
R2811 |
T3871 |
T3872 |
det |
the,elderly |
R2812 |
T3872 |
T3870 |
pobj |
elderly,in |
R2813 |
T3873 |
T3864 |
auxpass |
is,confined |
R2814 |
T3874 |
T3875 |
advmod |
mostly,to |
R2815 |
T3875 |
T3864 |
prep |
to,confined |
R2816 |
T3876 |
T3877 |
amod |
skeletal,muscle |
R2817 |
T3877 |
T3875 |
pobj |
muscle,to |
R2818 |
T3878 |
T3864 |
cc |
and,confined |
R2819 |
T3879 |
T3880 |
aux |
may,be |
R2820 |
T3880 |
T3864 |
conj |
be,confined |
R2821 |
T3881 |
T3880 |
prep |
due,be |
R2822 |
T3882 |
T3881 |
pcomp |
to,due |
R2823 |
T3883 |
T3881 |
pobj |
reduction,due |
R2824 |
T3884 |
T3883 |
prep |
of,reduction |
R2825 |
T3885 |
T3886 |
amod |
mitochondrial,number |
R2826 |
T3886 |
T3884 |
pobj |
number,of |
R2827 |
T3887 |
T3886 |
cc |
and,number |
R2828 |
T3888 |
T3887 |
punct |
/,and |
R2829 |
T3889 |
T3887 |
cc |
or,and |
R2830 |
T3890 |
T3886 |
conj |
function,number |
R2831 |
T3891 |
T3892 |
punct |
(,Petersen |
R2832 |
T3892 |
T3880 |
meta |
Petersen,be |
R2833 |
T3893 |
T3892 |
nmod |
et,Petersen |
R2834 |
T3894 |
T3892 |
nmod |
al.,Petersen |
R2835 |
T3895 |
T3892 |
nummod |
2003,Petersen |
R2836 |
T3896 |
T3892 |
punct |
),Petersen |
R2837 |
T3897 |
T3864 |
punct |
.,confined |
R2838 |
T3899 |
T3900 |
det |
The,ability |
R2839 |
T3900 |
T3901 |
nsubj |
ability,suggests |
R2840 |
T3902 |
T3900 |
prep |
of,ability |
R2841 |
T3903 |
T3902 |
pobj |
PPARδ,of |
R2842 |
T3904 |
T3905 |
aux |
to,stimulate |
R2843 |
T3905 |
T3900 |
acl |
stimulate,ability |
R2844 |
T3906 |
T3907 |
amod |
mitochondrial,biogenesis |
R2845 |
T3907 |
T3905 |
dobj |
biogenesis,stimulate |
R2846 |
T3908 |
T3907 |
cc |
and,biogenesis |
R2847 |
T3909 |
T3910 |
amod |
oxidative,function |
R2848 |
T3910 |
T3907 |
conj |
function,biogenesis |
R2849 |
T3911 |
T3912 |
mark |
that,be |
R2850 |
T3912 |
T3901 |
ccomp |
be,suggests |
R2851 |
T3913 |
T3912 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,be |
R2852 |
T3914 |
T3912 |
aux |
could,be |
R2853 |
T3915 |
T3912 |
acomp |
important,be |
R2854 |
T3916 |
T3912 |
prep |
for,be |
R2855 |
T3917 |
T3916 |
pobj |
control,for |
R2856 |
T3918 |
T3917 |
prep |
of,control |
R2857 |
T3919 |
T3920 |
compound |
insulin,resistance |
R2858 |
T3920 |
T3918 |
pobj |
resistance,of |
R2859 |
T3921 |
T3912 |
prep |
during,be |
R2860 |
T3922 |
T3923 |
amod |
normal,aging |
R2861 |
T3923 |
T3921 |
pobj |
aging,during |
R2862 |
T3924 |
T3901 |
punct |
.,suggests |
R2863 |
T3926 |
T3927 |
advmod |
Together,indicate |
R2864 |
T3928 |
T3927 |
punct |
", ",indicate |
R2865 |
T3929 |
T3930 |
det |
these,data |
R2866 |
T3930 |
T3927 |
nsubj |
data,indicate |
R2867 |
T3931 |
T3932 |
mark |
that,comprise |
R2868 |
T3932 |
T3927 |
ccomp |
comprise,indicate |
R2869 |
T3933 |
T3932 |
nsubj |
PPARδ,comprise |
R2870 |
T3934 |
T3933 |
cc |
and,PPARδ |
R2871 |
T3935 |
T3936 |
poss |
its,ligands |
R2872 |
T3936 |
T3933 |
conj |
ligands,PPARδ |
R2873 |
T3937 |
T3938 |
det |
a,switch |
R2874 |
T3938 |
T3932 |
dobj |
switch,comprise |
R2875 |
T3939 |
T3938 |
amod |
key,switch |
R2876 |
T3940 |
T3938 |
amod |
molecular,switch |
R2877 |
T3941 |
T3942 |
aux |
to,regulate |
R2878 |
T3942 |
T3938 |
advcl |
regulate,switch |
R2879 |
T3943 |
T3944 |
compound |
muscle,fiber |
R2880 |
T3944 |
T3945 |
compound |
fiber,specification |
R2881 |
T3945 |
T3942 |
dobj |
specification,regulate |
R2882 |
T3946 |
T3945 |
punct |
", ",specification |
R2883 |
T3947 |
T3948 |
compound |
obesity,resistance |
R2884 |
T3948 |
T3945 |
conj |
resistance,specification |
R2885 |
T3949 |
T3948 |
punct |
", ",resistance |
R2886 |
T3950 |
T3951 |
compound |
insulin,sensitivity |
R2887 |
T3951 |
T3948 |
conj |
sensitivity,resistance |
R2888 |
T3952 |
T3951 |
punct |
", ",sensitivity |
R2889 |
T3953 |
T3951 |
cc |
and,sensitivity |
R2890 |
T3954 |
T3951 |
punct |
", ",sensitivity |
R2891 |
T3955 |
T3956 |
advmod |
most,surprisingly |
R2892 |
T3956 |
T3957 |
advmod |
surprisingly,endurance |
R2893 |
T3957 |
T3951 |
conj |
endurance,sensitivity |
R2894 |
T3958 |
T3957 |
punct |
", ",endurance |
R2895 |
T3959 |
T3957 |
amod |
physical,endurance |
R2896 |
T3960 |
T3927 |
punct |
.,indicate |
R2897 |
T3962 |
T3963 |
det |
This,work |
R2898 |
T3963 |
T3964 |
nsubj |
work,demonstrates |
R2899 |
T3965 |
T3966 |
mark |
that,manipulated |
R2900 |
T3966 |
T3964 |
ccomp |
manipulated,demonstrates |
R2901 |
T3967 |
T3968 |
amod |
complex,properties |
R2902 |
T3968 |
T3966 |
nsubjpass |
properties,manipulated |
R2903 |
T3969 |
T3968 |
amod |
physiologic,properties |
R2904 |
T3970 |
T3971 |
amod |
such,as |
R2905 |
T3971 |
T3968 |
prep |
as,properties |
R2906 |
T3972 |
T3971 |
pobj |
fatigue,as |
R2907 |
T3973 |
T3972 |
punct |
", ",fatigue |
R2908 |
T3974 |
T3972 |
conj |
endurance,fatigue |
R2909 |
T3975 |
T3974 |
punct |
", ",endurance |
R2910 |
T3976 |
T3974 |
cc |
and,endurance |
R2911 |
T3977 |
T3978 |
compound |
running,capacity |
R2912 |
T3978 |
T3974 |
conj |
capacity,endurance |
R2913 |
T3979 |
T3966 |
aux |
can,manipulated |
R2914 |
T3980 |
T3966 |
auxpass |
be,manipulated |
R2915 |
T3981 |
T3966 |
advmod |
genetically,manipulated |
R2916 |
T3982 |
T3964 |
punct |
.,demonstrates |