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PMC:1255741 / 61588-62868 JSONTXT 5 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T15386 0-2 PRP denotes It
T15388 3-6 VBD denotes was
T15387 7-12 VBN denotes shown
T15389 13-23 RB denotes previously
T15390 23-25 , denotes ,
T15391 25-32 RB denotes however
T15392 32-34 , denotes ,
T15393 34-38 IN denotes that
T15395 39-42 DT denotes the
T15397 43-51 JJ denotes detailed
T15398 52-60 NN denotes sampling
T15396 61-68 NN denotes pattern
T15394 69-71 VBZ denotes is
T15399 72-73 DT denotes a
T15401 74-78 RBR denotes more
T15402 79-88 JJ denotes sensitive
T15400 89-96 NN denotes measure
T15403 97-99 IN denotes of
T15404 100-114 NN denotes discrimination
T15405 115-126 NN denotes performance
T15406 127-128 -LRB- denotes [
T15407 128-129 CD denotes 3
T15408 129-130 -RRB- denotes ]
T15409 130-131 . denotes .
T15410 131-278 sentence denotes To avoid long (> 3-week) training periods, we chose not to measure discrimination times [3] but to analyze the average sampling behavior in total.
T15411 132-134 TO denotes To
T15412 135-140 VB denotes avoid
T15414 141-145 RB denotes long
T15416 146-147 -LRB- denotes (
T15418 147-148 SYM denotes >
T15419 149-150 CD denotes 3
T15420 150-151 HYPH denotes -
T15417 151-155 NN denotes week
T15421 155-156 -RRB- denotes )
T15422 157-165 NN denotes training
T15415 166-173 NNS denotes periods
T15423 173-175 , denotes ,
T15424 175-177 PRP denotes we
T15413 178-183 VBD denotes chose
T15425 184-187 RB denotes not
T15427 188-190 TO denotes to
T15426 191-198 VB denotes measure
T15428 199-213 NN denotes discrimination
T15429 214-219 NNS denotes times
T15430 220-221 -LRB- denotes [
T15431 221-222 CD denotes 3
T15432 222-223 -RRB- denotes ]
T15433 224-227 CC denotes but
T15434 228-230 TO denotes to
T15435 231-238 VB denotes analyze
T15436 239-242 DT denotes the
T15438 243-250 JJ denotes average
T15439 251-259 NN denotes sampling
T15437 260-268 NN denotes behavior
T15440 269-271 IN denotes in
T15441 272-277 JJ denotes total
T15442 277-278 . denotes .
T15443 278-444 sentence denotes Upon presentation of a rewarded odor, the animal usually continuously breaks the beam, whereas upon presentation of an unrewarded odor the head is quickly retracted.
T15444 279-283 IN denotes Upon
T15446 284-296 NN denotes presentation
T15447 297-299 IN denotes of
T15448 300-301 DT denotes a
T15450 302-310 VBN denotes rewarded
T15449 311-315 NN denotes odor
T15451 315-317 , denotes ,
T15452 317-320 DT denotes the
T15453 321-327 NN denotes animal
T15454 328-335 RB denotes usually
T15455 336-348 RB denotes continuously
T15445 349-355 VBZ denotes breaks
T15456 356-359 DT denotes the
T15457 360-364 NN denotes beam
T15458 364-366 , denotes ,
T15459 366-373 IN denotes whereas
T15461 374-378 IN denotes upon
T15462 379-391 NN denotes presentation
T15463 392-394 IN denotes of
T15464 395-397 DT denotes an
T15466 398-408 JJ denotes unrewarded
T15465 409-413 NN denotes odor
T15467 414-417 DT denotes the
T15468 418-422 NN denotes head
T15469 423-425 VBZ denotes is
T15470 426-433 RB denotes quickly
T15460 434-443 VBN denotes retracted
T15471 443-444 . denotes .
T15472 444-625 sentence denotes The difference in response to the rewarded and unrewarded odor is approximately sigmoidal (Figures 1D, 1E, and 2D) and yields a sensitive measure of the discrimination performance.
T15473 445-448 DT denotes The
T15474 449-459 NN denotes difference
T15476 460-462 IN denotes in
T15477 463-471 NN denotes response
T15478 472-474 IN denotes to
T15479 475-478 DT denotes the
T15481 479-487 VBN denotes rewarded
T15482 488-491 CC denotes and
T15483 492-502 JJ denotes unrewarded
T15480 503-507 NN denotes odor
T15475 508-510 VBZ denotes is
T15484 511-524 RB denotes approximately
T15485 525-534 JJ denotes sigmoidal
T15486 535-536 -LRB- denotes (
T15488 536-543 NNS denotes Figures
T15487 544-546 NN denotes 1D
T15489 546-548 , denotes ,
T15490 548-550 NN denotes 1E
T15491 550-552 , denotes ,
T15492 552-555 CC denotes and
T15493 556-558 NN denotes 2D
T15494 558-559 -RRB- denotes )
T15495 560-563 CC denotes and
T15496 564-570 VBZ denotes yields
T15497 571-572 DT denotes a
T15499 573-582 JJ denotes sensitive
T15498 583-590 NN denotes measure
T15500 591-593 IN denotes of
T15501 594-597 DT denotes the
T15503 598-612 NN denotes discrimination
T15502 613-624 NN denotes performance
T15504 624-625 . denotes .
T15505 625-852 sentence denotes From this difference or from a sigmoidal fit to the difference (Figure 1E), several measures of discrimination can be determined: the average difference, peak, or maximum, time of half maximum, and slope of the fitted sigmoid.
T15506 626-630 IN denotes From
T15508 631-635 DT denotes this
T15509 636-646 NN denotes difference
T15510 647-649 CC denotes or
T15511 650-654 IN denotes from
T15512 655-656 DT denotes a
T15514 657-666 JJ denotes sigmoidal
T15513 667-670 NN denotes fit
T15515 671-673 IN denotes to
T15516 674-677 DT denotes the
T15517 678-688 NN denotes difference
T15518 689-690 -LRB- denotes (
T15520 690-696 NN denotes Figure
T15519 697-699 NN denotes 1E
T15521 699-700 -RRB- denotes )
T15522 700-702 , denotes ,
T15523 702-709 JJ denotes several
T15524 710-718 NNS denotes measures
T15525 719-721 IN denotes of
T15526 722-736 NN denotes discrimination
T15527 737-740 MD denotes can
T15528 741-743 VB denotes be
T15507 744-754 VBN denotes determined
T15529 754-756 : denotes :
T15530 756-759 DT denotes the
T15532 760-767 JJ denotes average
T15531 768-778 NN denotes difference
T15533 778-780 , denotes ,
T15534 780-784 NN denotes peak
T15536 784-786 , denotes ,
T15537 786-788 CC denotes or
T15538 789-796 NN denotes maximum
T15539 796-798 , denotes ,
T15535 798-802 NN denotes time
T15540 803-805 IN denotes of
T15541 806-810 JJ denotes half
T15542 811-818 NN denotes maximum
T15543 818-820 , denotes ,
T15544 820-823 CC denotes and
T15545 824-829 NN denotes slope
T15546 830-832 IN denotes of
T15547 833-836 DT denotes the
T15549 837-843 VBN denotes fitted
T15548 844-851 NN denotes sigmoid
T15550 851-852 . denotes .
T15551 852-999 sentence denotes Whereas for small trial numbers (< 200) the slope often is not well constrained, any of the other parameters yielded essentially the same results.
T15552 853-860 IN denotes Whereas
T15554 861-864 IN denotes for
T15555 865-870 JJ denotes small
T15557 871-876 NN denotes trial
T15556 877-884 NNS denotes numbers
T15558 885-886 -LRB- denotes (
T15560 886-887 SYM denotes <
T15559 888-891 CD denotes 200
T15561 891-892 -RRB- denotes )
T15562 893-896 DT denotes the
T15563 897-902 NN denotes slope
T15564 903-908 RB denotes often
T15553 909-911 VBZ denotes is
T15566 912-915 RB denotes not
T15567 916-920 RB denotes well
T15568 921-932 VBN denotes constrained
T15569 932-934 , denotes ,
T15570 934-937 DT denotes any
T15571 938-940 IN denotes of
T15572 941-944 DT denotes the
T15574 945-950 JJ denotes other
T15573 951-961 NNS denotes parameters
T15565 962-969 VBD denotes yielded
T15575 970-981 RB denotes essentially
T15576 982-985 DT denotes the
T15578 986-990 JJ denotes same
T15577 991-998 NNS denotes results
T15579 998-999 . denotes .
T15580 999-1168 sentence denotes The discrimination index plotted in Figures 1F, 2C, 4D, and 6C refers to the fitted maximum, generally ranging from zero to one, one indicating the best discrimination.
T15581 1000-1003 DT denotes The
T15583 1004-1018 NN denotes discrimination
T15582 1019-1024 NN denotes index
T15585 1025-1032 VBN denotes plotted
T15586 1033-1035 IN denotes in
T15587 1036-1043 NNS denotes Figures
T15588 1044-1046 NN denotes 1F
T15589 1046-1048 , denotes ,
T15590 1048-1050 NN denotes 2C
T15591 1050-1052 , denotes ,
T15592 1052-1054 NN denotes 4D
T15593 1054-1056 , denotes ,
T15594 1056-1059 CC denotes and
T15595 1060-1062 NN denotes 6C
T15584 1063-1069 VBZ denotes refers
T15596 1070-1072 IN denotes to
T15597 1073-1076 DT denotes the
T15599 1077-1083 VBN denotes fitted
T15598 1084-1091 NN denotes maximum
T15600 1091-1093 , denotes ,
T15601 1093-1102 RB denotes generally
T15602 1103-1110 VBG denotes ranging
T15603 1111-1115 IN denotes from
T15604 1116-1120 CD denotes zero
T15605 1121-1123 IN denotes to
T15606 1124-1127 CD denotes one
T15607 1127-1129 , denotes ,
T15608 1129-1132 CD denotes one
T15609 1133-1143 VBG denotes indicating
T15610 1144-1147 DT denotes the
T15612 1148-1152 JJS denotes best
T15611 1153-1167 NN denotes discrimination
T15613 1167-1168 . denotes .
T15614 1168-1280 sentence denotes Identical results were obtained with other measures of discrimination, such as the average sampling difference.
T15615 1169-1178 JJ denotes Identical
T15616 1179-1186 NNS denotes results
T15618 1187-1191 VBD denotes were
T15617 1192-1200 VBN denotes obtained
T15619 1201-1205 IN denotes with
T15620 1206-1211 JJ denotes other
T15621 1212-1220 NNS denotes measures
T15622 1221-1223 IN denotes of
T15623 1224-1238 NN denotes discrimination
T15624 1238-1240 , denotes ,
T15625 1240-1244 JJ denotes such
T15626 1245-1247 IN denotes as
T15627 1248-1251 DT denotes the
T15629 1252-1259 JJ denotes average
T15630 1260-1268 NN denotes sampling
T15628 1269-1279 NN denotes difference
T15631 1279-1280 . denotes .
R10189 T15386 T15387 nsubjpass It,shown
R10190 T15388 T15387 auxpass was,shown
R10191 T15389 T15387 advmod previously,shown
R10192 T15390 T15387 punct ", ",shown
R10193 T15391 T15387 advmod however,shown
R10194 T15392 T15387 punct ", ",shown
R10195 T15393 T15394 mark that,is
R10196 T15394 T15387 ccomp is,shown
R10197 T15395 T15396 det the,pattern
R10198 T15396 T15394 nsubj pattern,is
R10199 T15397 T15396 amod detailed,pattern
R10200 T15398 T15396 compound sampling,pattern
R10201 T15399 T15400 det a,measure
R10202 T15400 T15394 attr measure,is
R10203 T15401 T15402 advmod more,sensitive
R10204 T15402 T15400 amod sensitive,measure
R10205 T15403 T15400 prep of,measure
R10206 T15404 T15405 compound discrimination,performance
R10207 T15405 T15403 pobj performance,of
R10208 T15406 T15407 punct [,3
R10209 T15407 T15387 parataxis 3,shown
R10210 T15408 T15407 punct ],3
R10211 T15409 T15387 punct .,shown
R10212 T15411 T15412 aux To,avoid
R10213 T15412 T15413 advcl avoid,chose
R10214 T15414 T15415 amod long,periods
R10215 T15415 T15412 dobj periods,avoid
R10216 T15416 T15417 punct (,week
R10217 T15417 T15414 parataxis week,long
R10218 T15418 T15419 punct >,3
R10219 T15419 T15417 nummod 3,week
R10220 T15420 T15417 punct -,week
R10221 T15421 T15417 punct ),week
R10222 T15422 T15415 compound training,periods
R10223 T15423 T15413 punct ", ",chose
R10224 T15424 T15413 nsubj we,chose
R10225 T15425 T15426 neg not,measure
R10226 T15426 T15413 xcomp measure,chose
R10227 T15427 T15426 aux to,measure
R10228 T15428 T15429 compound discrimination,times
R10229 T15429 T15426 dobj times,measure
R10230 T15430 T15431 punct [,3
R10231 T15431 T15426 parataxis 3,measure
R10232 T15432 T15431 punct ],3
R10233 T15433 T15426 cc but,measure
R10234 T15434 T15435 aux to,analyze
R10235 T15435 T15426 conj analyze,measure
R10236 T15436 T15437 det the,behavior
R10237 T15437 T15435 dobj behavior,analyze
R10238 T15438 T15437 amod average,behavior
R10239 T15439 T15437 compound sampling,behavior
R10240 T15440 T15435 prep in,analyze
R10241 T15441 T15440 amod total,in
R10242 T15442 T15413 punct .,chose
R10243 T15444 T15445 prep Upon,breaks
R10244 T15446 T15444 pobj presentation,Upon
R10245 T15447 T15446 prep of,presentation
R10246 T15448 T15449 det a,odor
R10247 T15449 T15447 pobj odor,of
R10248 T15450 T15449 amod rewarded,odor
R10249 T15451 T15445 punct ", ",breaks
R10250 T15452 T15453 det the,animal
R10251 T15453 T15445 nsubj animal,breaks
R10252 T15454 T15445 advmod usually,breaks
R10253 T15455 T15445 advmod continuously,breaks
R10254 T15456 T15457 det the,beam
R10255 T15457 T15445 dobj beam,breaks
R10256 T15458 T15445 punct ", ",breaks
R10257 T15459 T15460 mark whereas,retracted
R10258 T15460 T15445 advcl retracted,breaks
R10259 T15461 T15460 prep upon,retracted
R10260 T15462 T15461 pobj presentation,upon
R10261 T15463 T15462 prep of,presentation
R10262 T15464 T15465 det an,odor
R10263 T15465 T15463 pobj odor,of
R10264 T15466 T15465 amod unrewarded,odor
R10265 T15467 T15468 det the,head
R10266 T15468 T15460 nsubjpass head,retracted
R10267 T15469 T15460 auxpass is,retracted
R10268 T15470 T15460 advmod quickly,retracted
R10269 T15471 T15445 punct .,breaks
R10270 T15473 T15474 det The,difference
R10271 T15474 T15475 nsubj difference,is
R10272 T15476 T15474 prep in,difference
R10273 T15477 T15476 pobj response,in
R10274 T15478 T15477 prep to,response
R10275 T15479 T15480 det the,odor
R10276 T15480 T15478 pobj odor,to
R10277 T15481 T15480 amod rewarded,odor
R10278 T15482 T15481 cc and,rewarded
R10279 T15483 T15481 conj unrewarded,rewarded
R10280 T15484 T15485 advmod approximately,sigmoidal
R10281 T15485 T15475 acomp sigmoidal,is
R10282 T15486 T15487 punct (,1D
R10283 T15487 T15475 parataxis 1D,is
R10284 T15488 T15487 compound Figures,1D
R10285 T15489 T15487 punct ", ",1D
R10286 T15490 T15487 conj 1E,1D
R10287 T15491 T15490 punct ", ",1E
R10288 T15492 T15490 cc and,1E
R10289 T15493 T15490 conj 2D,1E
R10290 T15494 T15487 punct ),1D
R10291 T15495 T15475 cc and,is
R10292 T15496 T15475 conj yields,is
R10293 T15497 T15498 det a,measure
R10294 T15498 T15496 dobj measure,yields
R10295 T15499 T15498 amod sensitive,measure
R10296 T15500 T15498 prep of,measure
R10297 T15501 T15502 det the,performance
R10298 T15502 T15500 pobj performance,of
R10299 T15503 T15502 compound discrimination,performance
R10300 T15504 T15475 punct .,is
R10301 T15506 T15507 prep From,determined
R10302 T15508 T15509 det this,difference
R10303 T15509 T15506 pobj difference,From
R10304 T15510 T15506 cc or,From
R10305 T15511 T15506 conj from,From
R10306 T15512 T15513 det a,fit
R10307 T15513 T15511 pobj fit,from
R10308 T15514 T15513 amod sigmoidal,fit
R10309 T15515 T15513 prep to,fit
R10310 T15516 T15517 det the,difference
R10311 T15517 T15515 pobj difference,to
R10312 T15518 T15519 punct (,1E
R10313 T15519 T15511 parataxis 1E,from
R10314 T15520 T15519 compound Figure,1E
R10315 T15521 T15519 punct ),1E
R10316 T15522 T15507 punct ", ",determined
R10317 T15523 T15524 amod several,measures
R10318 T15524 T15507 nsubjpass measures,determined
R10319 T15525 T15524 prep of,measures
R10320 T15526 T15525 pobj discrimination,of
R10321 T15527 T15507 aux can,determined
R10322 T15528 T15507 auxpass be,determined
R10323 T15529 T15507 punct : ,determined
R10324 T15530 T15531 det the,difference
R10325 T15531 T15507 dobj difference,determined
R10326 T15532 T15531 amod average,difference
R10327 T15533 T15531 punct ", ",difference
R10328 T15534 T15535 nmod peak,time
R10329 T15535 T15531 conj time,difference
R10330 T15536 T15534 punct ", ",peak
R10331 T15537 T15534 cc or,peak
R10332 T15538 T15534 conj maximum,peak
R10333 T15539 T15535 punct ", ",time
R10334 T15540 T15535 prep of,time
R10335 T15541 T15542 amod half,maximum
R10336 T15542 T15540 pobj maximum,of
R10337 T15543 T15535 punct ", ",time
R10338 T15544 T15535 cc and,time
R10339 T15545 T15535 conj slope,time
R10340 T15546 T15545 prep of,slope
R10341 T15547 T15548 det the,sigmoid
R10342 T15548 T15546 pobj sigmoid,of
R10343 T15549 T15548 amod fitted,sigmoid
R10344 T15550 T15507 punct .,determined
R10345 T15552 T15553 mark Whereas,is
R10346 T15553 T15565 advcl is,yielded
R10347 T15554 T15553 prep for,is
R10348 T15555 T15556 amod small,numbers
R10349 T15556 T15554 pobj numbers,for
R10350 T15557 T15556 compound trial,numbers
R10351 T15558 T15559 punct (,200
R10352 T15559 T15556 parataxis 200,numbers
R10353 T15560 T15559 punct <,200
R10354 T15561 T15559 punct ),200
R10355 T15562 T15563 det the,slope
R10356 T15563 T15553 nsubj slope,is
R10357 T15564 T15553 advmod often,is
R10358 T15566 T15553 neg not,is
R10359 T15567 T15568 advmod well,constrained
R10360 T15568 T15553 acomp constrained,is
R10361 T15569 T15565 punct ", ",yielded
R10362 T15570 T15565 nsubj any,yielded
R10363 T15571 T15570 prep of,any
R10364 T15572 T15573 det the,parameters
R10365 T15573 T15571 pobj parameters,of
R10366 T15574 T15573 amod other,parameters
R10367 T15575 T15565 advmod essentially,yielded
R10368 T15576 T15577 det the,results
R10369 T15577 T15565 dobj results,yielded
R10370 T15578 T15577 amod same,results
R10371 T15579 T15565 punct .,yielded
R10372 T15581 T15582 det The,index
R10373 T15582 T15584 nsubj index,refers
R10374 T15583 T15582 compound discrimination,index
R10375 T15585 T15582 acl plotted,index
R10376 T15586 T15585 prep in,plotted
R10377 T15587 T15588 compound Figures,1F
R10378 T15588 T15586 pobj 1F,in
R10379 T15589 T15588 punct ", ",1F
R10380 T15590 T15588 conj 2C,1F
R10381 T15591 T15590 punct ", ",2C
R10382 T15592 T15590 conj 4D,2C
R10383 T15593 T15592 punct ", ",4D
R10384 T15594 T15592 cc and,4D
R10385 T15595 T15592 conj 6C,4D
R10386 T15596 T15584 prep to,refers
R10387 T15597 T15598 det the,maximum
R10388 T15598 T15596 pobj maximum,to
R10389 T15599 T15598 amod fitted,maximum
R10390 T15600 T15598 punct ", ",maximum
R10391 T15601 T15602 advmod generally,ranging
R10392 T15602 T15598 acl ranging,maximum
R10393 T15603 T15602 prep from,ranging
R10394 T15604 T15603 pobj zero,from
R10395 T15605 T15603 prep to,from
R10396 T15606 T15605 pobj one,to
R10397 T15607 T15602 punct ", ",ranging
R10398 T15608 T15609 nsubj one,indicating
R10399 T15609 T15602 advcl indicating,ranging
R10400 T15610 T15611 det the,discrimination
R10401 T15611 T15609 dobj discrimination,indicating
R10402 T15612 T15611 amod best,discrimination
R10403 T15613 T15584 punct .,refers
R10404 T15615 T15616 amod Identical,results
R10405 T15616 T15617 nsubjpass results,obtained
R10406 T15618 T15617 auxpass were,obtained
R10407 T15619 T15617 prep with,obtained
R10408 T15620 T15621 amod other,measures
R10409 T15621 T15619 pobj measures,with
R10410 T15622 T15621 prep of,measures
R10411 T15623 T15622 pobj discrimination,of
R10412 T15624 T15621 punct ", ",measures
R10413 T15625 T15626 amod such,as
R10414 T15626 T15621 prep as,measures
R10415 T15627 T15628 det the,difference
R10416 T15628 T15626 pobj difference,as
R10417 T15629 T15628 amod average,difference
R10418 T15630 T15628 compound sampling,difference
R10419 T15631 T15617 punct .,obtained