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PMC:1183529 / 12938-18219 JSONTXT 5 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T8121 0-4 NN denotes Lung
T8123 5-8 CC denotes and
T8124 9-18 NN denotes Diaphragm
T8122 19-30 NN denotes Development
T8125 31-33 IN denotes in
T8126 34-37 DT denotes the
T8128 38-42 NN denotes Fog2
T8129 43-49 NN denotes Mutant
T8127 50-55 NN denotes Mouse
T8130 55-155 sentence denotes Experiments were conducted to evaluate the role of Fog2 in pulmonary and diaphragmatic development.
T8131 56-67 NNS denotes Experiments
T8133 68-72 VBD denotes were
T8132 73-82 VBN denotes conducted
T8134 83-85 TO denotes to
T8135 86-94 VB denotes evaluate
T8136 95-98 DT denotes the
T8137 99-103 NN denotes role
T8138 104-106 IN denotes of
T8139 107-111 NN denotes Fog2
T8140 112-114 IN denotes in
T8141 115-124 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8143 125-128 CC denotes and
T8144 129-142 JJ denotes diaphragmatic
T8142 143-154 NN denotes development
T8145 154-155 . denotes .
T8146 155-298 sentence denotes The pulmonary phenotype is characterized by diffuse hypoplasia and specific loss of the accessory lobe and a portion of the right middle lobe.
T8147 156-159 DT denotes The
T8149 160-169 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8148 170-179 NN denotes phenotype
T8151 180-182 VBZ denotes is
T8150 183-196 VBN denotes characterized
T8152 197-199 IN denotes by
T8153 200-207 JJ denotes diffuse
T8154 208-218 NN denotes hypoplasia
T8155 219-222 CC denotes and
T8156 223-231 JJ denotes specific
T8157 232-236 NN denotes loss
T8158 237-239 IN denotes of
T8159 240-243 DT denotes the
T8161 244-253 JJ denotes accessory
T8160 254-258 NN denotes lobe
T8162 259-262 CC denotes and
T8163 263-264 DT denotes a
T8164 265-272 NN denotes portion
T8165 273-275 IN denotes of
T8166 276-279 DT denotes the
T8168 280-285 JJ denotes right
T8169 286-292 JJ denotes middle
T8167 293-297 NN denotes lobe
T8170 297-298 . denotes .
T8171 298-528 sentence denotes It is well established that abnormalities in either diaphragmatic development or fetal breathing can result in a secondary pulmonary hypoplasia, although loss of normal structure has never been documented in this context [17,18].
T8172 299-301 PRP denotes It
T8173 302-304 VBZ denotes is
T8174 305-309 RB denotes well
T8175 310-321 VBN denotes established
T8176 322-326 IN denotes that
T8178 327-340 NNS denotes abnormalities
T8179 341-343 IN denotes in
T8180 344-350 CC denotes either
T8182 351-364 JJ denotes diaphragmatic
T8181 365-376 NN denotes development
T8183 377-379 CC denotes or
T8184 380-385 JJ denotes fetal
T8185 386-395 NN denotes breathing
T8186 396-399 MD denotes can
T8177 400-406 VB denotes result
T8187 407-409 IN denotes in
T8188 410-411 DT denotes a
T8190 412-421 JJ denotes secondary
T8191 422-431 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8189 432-442 NN denotes hypoplasia
T8192 442-444 , denotes ,
T8193 444-452 IN denotes although
T8195 453-457 NN denotes loss
T8196 458-460 IN denotes of
T8197 461-467 JJ denotes normal
T8198 468-477 NN denotes structure
T8199 478-481 VBZ denotes has
T8200 482-487 RB denotes never
T8201 488-492 VBN denotes been
T8194 493-503 VBN denotes documented
T8202 504-506 IN denotes in
T8203 507-511 DT denotes this
T8204 512-519 NN denotes context
T8205 520-521 -LRB- denotes [
T8207 521-523 CD denotes 17
T8208 523-524 , denotes ,
T8206 524-526 CD denotes 18
T8209 526-527 -RRB- denotes ]
T8210 527-528 . denotes .
T8211 528-734 sentence denotes Fog2 is expressed diffusely in the pulmonary mesenchyme during the period of branching morphogenesis, while later expression is restricted to the smooth muscles of airways and pulmonary vessels (Figure 3).
T8212 529-533 NN denotes Fog2
T8214 534-536 VBZ denotes is
T8213 537-546 VBN denotes expressed
T8215 547-556 RB denotes diffusely
T8216 557-559 IN denotes in
T8217 560-563 DT denotes the
T8219 564-573 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8218 574-584 NN denotes mesenchyme
T8220 585-591 IN denotes during
T8221 592-595 DT denotes the
T8222 596-602 NN denotes period
T8223 603-605 IN denotes of
T8224 606-615 NN denotes branching
T8225 616-629 NN denotes morphogenesis
T8226 629-631 , denotes ,
T8227 631-636 IN denotes while
T8229 637-642 JJ denotes later
T8230 643-653 NN denotes expression
T8231 654-656 VBZ denotes is
T8228 657-667 VBN denotes restricted
T8232 668-670 IN denotes to
T8233 671-674 DT denotes the
T8235 675-681 JJ denotes smooth
T8234 682-689 NNS denotes muscles
T8236 690-692 IN denotes of
T8237 693-700 NNS denotes airways
T8238 701-704 CC denotes and
T8239 705-714 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8240 715-722 NNS denotes vessels
T8241 723-724 -LRB- denotes (
T8242 724-730 NN denotes Figure
T8243 731-732 CD denotes 3
T8244 732-733 -RRB- denotes )
T8245 733-734 . denotes .
T8246 734-960 sentence denotes This, and the observation that lungs appeared small on transverse sections evaluated prior to diaphragmatic muscularization or function, suggests that the pulmonary hypoplasia occurs independently of the diaphragmatic defect.
T8247 735-739 DT denotes This
T8249 739-741 , denotes ,
T8250 741-744 CC denotes and
T8251 745-748 DT denotes the
T8252 749-760 NN denotes observation
T8253 761-765 IN denotes that
T8255 766-771 NNS denotes lungs
T8254 772-780 VBD denotes appeared
T8256 781-786 JJ denotes small
T8257 787-789 IN denotes on
T8258 790-800 JJ denotes transverse
T8259 801-809 NNS denotes sections
T8260 810-819 VBN denotes evaluated
T8261 820-825 JJ denotes prior
T8262 826-828 IN denotes to
T8263 829-842 JJ denotes diaphragmatic
T8264 843-858 NN denotes muscularization
T8265 859-861 CC denotes or
T8266 862-870 NN denotes function
T8267 870-872 , denotes ,
T8248 872-880 VBZ denotes suggests
T8268 881-885 IN denotes that
T8270 886-889 DT denotes the
T8272 890-899 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8271 900-910 NN denotes hypoplasia
T8269 911-917 VBZ denotes occurs
T8273 918-931 RB denotes independently
T8274 932-934 IN denotes of
T8275 935-938 DT denotes the
T8277 939-952 JJ denotes diaphragmatic
T8276 953-959 NN denotes defect
T8278 959-960 . denotes .
T8279 960-1097 sentence denotes To test this hypothesis, lungs were dissected from Fog2 −/− mice and littermate controls before the onset of fetal diaphragmatic motion.
T8280 961-963 TO denotes To
T8281 964-968 VB denotes test
T8283 969-973 DT denotes this
T8284 974-984 NN denotes hypothesis
T8285 984-986 , denotes ,
T8286 986-991 NNS denotes lungs
T8287 992-996 VBD denotes were
T8282 997-1006 VBN denotes dissected
T8288 1007-1011 IN denotes from
T8289 1012-1016 NN denotes Fog2
T8291 1017-1018 SYM denotes −
T8292 1018-1019 HYPH denotes /
T8293 1019-1020 SYM denotes −
T8290 1021-1025 NNS denotes mice
T8294 1026-1029 CC denotes and
T8295 1030-1040 NN denotes littermate
T8296 1041-1049 NNS denotes controls
T8297 1050-1056 IN denotes before
T8298 1057-1060 DT denotes the
T8299 1061-1066 NN denotes onset
T8300 1067-1069 IN denotes of
T8301 1070-1075 JJ denotes fetal
T8303 1076-1089 JJ denotes diaphragmatic
T8302 1090-1096 NN denotes motion
T8304 1096-1097 . denotes .
T8305 1097-1229 sentence denotes Fog2 −/− mice were used for this experiment, as we wanted to avoid potential phenotypic variance from the lil hypomorphic mutation.
T8306 1098-1102 NN denotes Fog2
T8308 1103-1104 SYM denotes −
T8309 1104-1105 HYPH denotes /
T8310 1105-1106 SYM denotes −
T8307 1107-1111 NNS denotes mice
T8312 1112-1116 VBD denotes were
T8311 1117-1121 VBN denotes used
T8313 1122-1125 IN denotes for
T8314 1126-1130 DT denotes this
T8315 1131-1141 NN denotes experiment
T8316 1141-1143 , denotes ,
T8317 1143-1145 IN denotes as
T8319 1146-1148 PRP denotes we
T8318 1149-1155 VBD denotes wanted
T8320 1156-1158 TO denotes to
T8321 1159-1164 VB denotes avoid
T8322 1165-1174 JJ denotes potential
T8324 1175-1185 JJ denotes phenotypic
T8323 1186-1194 NN denotes variance
T8325 1195-1199 IN denotes from
T8326 1200-1203 DT denotes the
T8328 1204-1207 NN denotes lil
T8329 1208-1219 JJ denotes hypomorphic
T8327 1220-1228 NN denotes mutation
T8330 1228-1229 . denotes .
T8331 1229-1344 sentence denotes Lungs dissected at E12 from Fog2 −/− embryos were smaller in size and lacked the development of an accessory lobe.
T8332 1230-1235 NNS denotes Lungs
T8334 1236-1245 VBN denotes dissected
T8335 1246-1248 IN denotes at
T8336 1249-1252 NN denotes E12
T8337 1253-1257 IN denotes from
T8338 1258-1262 NN denotes Fog2
T8340 1263-1264 SYM denotes −
T8341 1264-1265 HYPH denotes /
T8342 1265-1266 SYM denotes −
T8339 1267-1274 NNS denotes embryos
T8333 1275-1279 VBD denotes were
T8343 1280-1287 JJR denotes smaller
T8344 1288-1290 IN denotes in
T8345 1291-1295 NN denotes size
T8346 1296-1299 CC denotes and
T8347 1300-1306 VBD denotes lacked
T8348 1307-1310 DT denotes the
T8349 1311-1322 NN denotes development
T8350 1323-1325 IN denotes of
T8351 1326-1328 DT denotes an
T8353 1329-1338 JJ denotes accessory
T8352 1339-1343 NN denotes lobe
T8354 1343-1344 . denotes .
T8355 1344-1559 sentence denotes In 11 viable Fog2− /− lung culture explants, there was never development of an accessory lobe, and the weights of mutant lungs cultured for 5 d were significantly lower than those of littermate controls (Figure 4).
T8356 1345-1347 IN denotes In
T8358 1348-1350 CD denotes 11
T8360 1351-1357 JJ denotes viable
T8361 1358-1362 NN denotes Fog2
T8362 1362-1363 SYM denotes −
T8363 1364-1365 HYPH denotes /
T8364 1365-1366 SYM denotes −
T8365 1367-1371 NN denotes lung
T8366 1372-1379 NN denotes culture
T8359 1380-1388 NNS denotes explants
T8367 1388-1390 , denotes ,
T8368 1390-1395 EX denotes there
T8357 1396-1399 VBD denotes was
T8369 1400-1405 RB denotes never
T8370 1406-1417 NN denotes development
T8371 1418-1420 IN denotes of
T8372 1421-1423 DT denotes an
T8374 1424-1433 JJ denotes accessory
T8373 1434-1438 NN denotes lobe
T8375 1438-1440 , denotes ,
T8376 1440-1443 CC denotes and
T8377 1444-1447 DT denotes the
T8378 1448-1455 NNS denotes weights
T8380 1456-1458 IN denotes of
T8381 1459-1465 NN denotes mutant
T8382 1466-1471 NNS denotes lungs
T8383 1472-1480 VBN denotes cultured
T8384 1481-1484 IN denotes for
T8385 1485-1486 CD denotes 5
T8386 1487-1488 NN denotes d
T8379 1489-1493 VBD denotes were
T8387 1494-1507 RB denotes significantly
T8388 1508-1513 JJR denotes lower
T8389 1514-1518 IN denotes than
T8390 1519-1524 DT denotes those
T8391 1525-1527 IN denotes of
T8392 1528-1538 NN denotes littermate
T8393 1539-1547 NNS denotes controls
T8394 1548-1549 -LRB- denotes (
T8395 1549-1555 NN denotes Figure
T8396 1556-1557 CD denotes 4
T8397 1557-1558 -RRB- denotes )
T8398 1558-1559 . denotes .
T8399 1559-1653 sentence denotes These data demonstrate that the pulmonary hypoplasia in Fog2 mutant mice is a primary defect.
T8400 1560-1565 DT denotes These
T8401 1566-1570 NNS denotes data
T8402 1571-1582 VBP denotes demonstrate
T8403 1583-1587 IN denotes that
T8405 1588-1591 DT denotes the
T8407 1592-1601 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8406 1602-1612 NN denotes hypoplasia
T8408 1613-1615 IN denotes in
T8409 1616-1620 NN denotes Fog2
T8411 1621-1627 NN denotes mutant
T8410 1628-1632 NNS denotes mice
T8404 1633-1635 VBZ denotes is
T8412 1636-1637 DT denotes a
T8414 1638-1645 JJ denotes primary
T8413 1646-1652 NN denotes defect
T8415 1652-1653 . denotes .
T8416 1653-2437 sentence denotes Figure 3 Fog2 Is Expressed in the Developing Lung and Diaphragm Fog2 is expressed in the diffuse pulmonary mesenchyme at E13.5 (A) (arrow shows mesenchyme) and is restricted to the bronchial and vascular smooth muscle (sm) at E16.5 (B). Fog2 is expressed diffusely in the developing diaphragm (Dia) both prior to (E11.5) (C) and after muscularization (E13.5) (D). Figure 4 Fog2 Is Necessary for Primary Lung Development Fog2 null lungs removed prior to diaphragmatic muscularization and grown in vitro show no accessory lobe development. Accessory lobe is labeled with black arrow in control littermate lungs. Branching in the unaffected lobes appeared to be delayed by 6–12 h, but all mutants developed an intricate branching pattern in the unaffected lobes after culture for 5 d.
T8417 2266-2275 NN denotes Branching
T8419 2276-2278 IN denotes in
T8420 2279-2282 DT denotes the
T8422 2283-2293 JJ denotes unaffected
T8421 2294-2299 NNS denotes lobes
T8418 2300-2308 VBD denotes appeared
T8423 2309-2311 TO denotes to
T8425 2312-2314 VB denotes be
T8424 2315-2322 VBN denotes delayed
T8426 2323-2325 IN denotes by
T8427 2326-2327 CD denotes 6
T8429 2327-2328 SYM denotes –
T8428 2328-2330 CD denotes 12
T8430 2331-2332 NN denotes h
T8431 2332-2334 , denotes ,
T8432 2334-2337 CC denotes but
T8433 2338-2341 DT denotes all
T8434 2342-2349 NNS denotes mutants
T8435 2350-2359 VBD denotes developed
T8436 2360-2362 DT denotes an
T8438 2363-2372 JJ denotes intricate
T8439 2373-2382 NN denotes branching
T8437 2383-2390 NN denotes pattern
T8440 2391-2393 IN denotes in
T8441 2394-2397 DT denotes the
T8443 2398-2408 JJ denotes unaffected
T8442 2409-2414 NNS denotes lobes
T8444 2415-2420 IN denotes after
T8445 2421-2428 NN denotes culture
T8446 2429-2432 IN denotes for
T8447 2433-2434 CD denotes 5
T8448 2435-2436 NN denotes d
T8449 2436-2437 . denotes .
T8450 2437-2703 sentence denotes Because the Fog2 phenotype is striking for specific lobar loss, the spatial pattern of Fog2 expression was evaluated in normal embryos during the period of early lobar establishment to determine whether Fog2 expression is specifically different at these lobar buds.
T8451 2438-2445 IN denotes Because
T8453 2446-2449 DT denotes the
T8455 2450-2454 NN denotes Fog2
T8454 2455-2464 NN denotes phenotype
T8452 2465-2467 VBZ denotes is
T8457 2468-2476 JJ denotes striking
T8458 2477-2480 IN denotes for
T8459 2481-2489 JJ denotes specific
T8461 2490-2495 NN denotes lobar
T8460 2496-2500 NN denotes loss
T8462 2500-2502 , denotes ,
T8463 2502-2505 DT denotes the
T8465 2506-2513 JJ denotes spatial
T8464 2514-2521 NN denotes pattern
T8466 2522-2524 IN denotes of
T8467 2525-2529 NN denotes Fog2
T8468 2530-2540 NN denotes expression
T8469 2541-2544 VBD denotes was
T8456 2545-2554 VBN denotes evaluated
T8470 2555-2557 IN denotes in
T8471 2558-2564 JJ denotes normal
T8472 2565-2572 NNS denotes embryos
T8473 2573-2579 IN denotes during
T8474 2580-2583 DT denotes the
T8475 2584-2590 NN denotes period
T8476 2591-2593 IN denotes of
T8477 2594-2599 JJ denotes early
T8479 2600-2605 NN denotes lobar
T8478 2606-2619 NN denotes establishment
T8480 2620-2622 TO denotes to
T8481 2623-2632 VB denotes determine
T8482 2633-2640 IN denotes whether
T8484 2641-2645 NN denotes Fog2
T8485 2646-2656 NN denotes expression
T8483 2657-2659 VBZ denotes is
T8486 2660-2672 RB denotes specifically
T8487 2673-2682 JJ denotes different
T8488 2683-2685 IN denotes at
T8489 2686-2691 DT denotes these
T8491 2692-2697 NN denotes lobar
T8490 2698-2702 NNS denotes buds
T8492 2702-2703 . denotes .
T8493 2703-2823 sentence denotes Expression was evaluated in mice carrying a lacZ gene incorporated into the Fog2 locus (S. Tevosian, unpublished data).
T8494 2704-2714 NN denotes Expression
T8496 2715-2718 VBD denotes was
T8495 2719-2728 VBN denotes evaluated
T8497 2729-2731 IN denotes in
T8498 2732-2736 NNS denotes mice
T8499 2737-2745 VBG denotes carrying
T8500 2746-2747 DT denotes a
T8502 2748-2752 NN denotes lacZ
T8501 2753-2757 NN denotes gene
T8503 2758-2770 VBN denotes incorporated
T8504 2771-2775 IN denotes into
T8505 2776-2779 DT denotes the
T8507 2780-2784 NN denotes Fog2
T8506 2785-2790 NN denotes locus
T8508 2791-2792 -LRB- denotes (
T8509 2792-2794 NNP denotes S.
T8510 2795-2803 NNP denotes Tevosian
T8511 2803-2805 , denotes ,
T8512 2805-2816 JJ denotes unpublished
T8513 2817-2821 NNS denotes data
T8514 2821-2822 -RRB- denotes )
T8515 2822-2823 . denotes .
T8516 2823-3074 sentence denotes In nine mice examined at E11.5, all lungs showed a specific enhancement of Fog2 expression in the mesenchyme surrounding the accessory bud and the right middle lobe bud, which are the lobes that do not develop normally in Fog2 mutant mice (Figure 5).
T8517 2824-2826 IN denotes In
T8519 2827-2831 CD denotes nine
T8520 2832-2836 NNS denotes mice
T8521 2837-2845 VBN denotes examined
T8522 2846-2848 IN denotes at
T8523 2849-2854 NN denotes E11.5
T8524 2854-2856 , denotes ,
T8525 2856-2859 DT denotes all
T8526 2860-2865 NNS denotes lungs
T8518 2866-2872 VBD denotes showed
T8527 2873-2874 DT denotes a
T8529 2875-2883 JJ denotes specific
T8528 2884-2895 NN denotes enhancement
T8530 2896-2898 IN denotes of
T8531 2899-2903 NN denotes Fog2
T8532 2904-2914 NN denotes expression
T8533 2915-2917 IN denotes in
T8534 2918-2921 DT denotes the
T8535 2922-2932 NN denotes mesenchyme
T8536 2933-2944 VBG denotes surrounding
T8537 2945-2948 DT denotes the
T8539 2949-2958 JJ denotes accessory
T8538 2959-2962 NN denotes bud
T8540 2963-2966 CC denotes and
T8541 2967-2970 DT denotes the
T8543 2971-2976 JJ denotes right
T8544 2977-2983 JJ denotes middle
T8545 2984-2988 NN denotes lobe
T8542 2989-2992 NN denotes bud
T8546 2992-2994 , denotes ,
T8547 2994-2999 WDT denotes which
T8548 3000-3003 VBP denotes are
T8549 3004-3007 DT denotes the
T8550 3008-3013 NNS denotes lobes
T8551 3014-3018 WDT denotes that
T8553 3019-3021 VBP denotes do
T8554 3022-3025 RB denotes not
T8552 3026-3033 VB denotes develop
T8555 3034-3042 RB denotes normally
T8556 3043-3045 IN denotes in
T8557 3046-3050 NN denotes Fog2
T8559 3051-3057 NN denotes mutant
T8558 3058-3062 NNS denotes mice
T8560 3063-3064 -LRB- denotes (
T8561 3064-3070 NN denotes Figure
T8562 3071-3072 CD denotes 5
T8563 3072-3073 -RRB- denotes )
T8564 3073-3074 . denotes .
T8565 3074-3206 sentence denotes By E12.5, expression was diffuse in the pulmonary mesenchyme, as was seen previously with in situ hybridization on tissue sections.
T8566 3075-3077 IN denotes By
T8568 3078-3083 NN denotes E12.5
T8569 3083-3085 , denotes ,
T8570 3085-3095 NN denotes expression
T8567 3096-3099 VBD denotes was
T8571 3100-3107 JJ denotes diffuse
T8572 3108-3110 IN denotes in
T8573 3111-3114 DT denotes the
T8575 3115-3124 JJ denotes pulmonary
T8574 3125-3135 NN denotes mesenchyme
T8576 3135-3137 , denotes ,
T8577 3137-3139 IN denotes as
T8579 3140-3143 VBD denotes was
T8578 3144-3148 VBN denotes seen
T8580 3149-3159 RB denotes previously
T8581 3160-3164 IN denotes with
T8582 3165-3167 FW denotes in
T8583 3168-3172 FW denotes situ
T8584 3173-3186 NN denotes hybridization
T8585 3187-3189 IN denotes on
T8586 3190-3196 NN denotes tissue
T8587 3197-3205 NNS denotes sections
T8588 3205-3206 . denotes .
T8589 3206-3588 sentence denotes Figure 5 Fog2 Expression in Embryonic Non-Mutant Lungs In embryonic non-mutant lungs, Fog2 is most highly expressed at the tips of the accessory (single arrows) and right middle lobes (double arrows) at E11.25 (A) and E11.75 (B), while expression is diffuse by E12.75 (C). Diaphragms from Fog2 lil mice show an intact membrane with a defect in muscular patterning (see Figure 1B).
T8590 3481-3491 NNS denotes Diaphragms
T8592 3492-3496 IN denotes from
T8593 3497-3501 NN denotes Fog2
T8595 3502-3505 NN denotes lil
T8594 3506-3510 NNS denotes mice
T8591 3511-3515 VBP denotes show
T8596 3516-3518 DT denotes an
T8598 3519-3525 JJ denotes intact
T8597 3526-3534 NN denotes membrane
T8599 3535-3539 IN denotes with
T8600 3540-3541 DT denotes a
T8601 3542-3548 NN denotes defect
T8602 3549-3551 IN denotes in
T8603 3552-3560 JJ denotes muscular
T8604 3561-3571 NN denotes patterning
T8605 3572-3573 -LRB- denotes (
T8606 3573-3576 VB denotes see
T8607 3577-3583 NN denotes Figure
T8608 3584-3586 CD denotes 1B
T8609 3586-3587 -RRB- denotes )
T8610 3587-3588 . denotes .
T8611 3588-3723 sentence denotes The membranous portion of the diaphragm is populated by a migratory population of muscle precursor cells, much like the limbs [19,20].
T8612 3589-3592 DT denotes The
T8614 3593-3603 JJ denotes membranous
T8613 3604-3611 NN denotes portion
T8616 3612-3614 IN denotes of
T8617 3615-3618 DT denotes the
T8618 3619-3628 NN denotes diaphragm
T8619 3629-3631 VBZ denotes is
T8615 3632-3641 VBN denotes populated
T8620 3642-3644 IN denotes by
T8621 3645-3646 DT denotes a
T8623 3647-3656 JJ denotes migratory
T8622 3657-3667 NN denotes population
T8624 3668-3670 IN denotes of
T8625 3671-3677 NN denotes muscle
T8627 3678-3687 NN denotes precursor
T8626 3688-3693 NNS denotes cells
T8628 3693-3695 , denotes ,
T8629 3695-3699 RB denotes much
T8630 3700-3704 IN denotes like
T8631 3705-3708 DT denotes the
T8632 3709-3714 NNS denotes limbs
T8633 3715-3716 -LRB- denotes [
T8635 3716-3718 CD denotes 19
T8636 3718-3719 , denotes ,
T8634 3719-3721 CD denotes 20
T8637 3721-3722 -RRB- denotes ]
T8638 3722-3723 . denotes .
T8639 3723-3853 sentence denotes Mice with defects in genes known to be important for the control of this process have intact but amuscular diaphragms [17,21,22].
T8640 3724-3728 NNS denotes Mice
T8642 3729-3733 IN denotes with
T8643 3734-3741 NNS denotes defects
T8644 3742-3744 IN denotes in
T8645 3745-3750 NNS denotes genes
T8646 3751-3756 VBN denotes known
T8647 3757-3759 TO denotes to
T8648 3760-3762 VB denotes be
T8649 3763-3772 JJ denotes important
T8650 3773-3776 IN denotes for
T8651 3777-3780 DT denotes the
T8652 3781-3788 NN denotes control
T8653 3789-3791 IN denotes of
T8654 3792-3796 DT denotes this
T8655 3797-3804 NN denotes process
T8641 3805-3809 VBP denotes have
T8656 3810-3816 JJ denotes intact
T8658 3817-3820 CC denotes but
T8659 3821-3830 JJ denotes amuscular
T8657 3831-3841 NNS denotes diaphragms
T8660 3842-3843 -LRB- denotes [
T8662 3843-3845 CD denotes 17
T8663 3845-3846 , denotes ,
T8664 3846-3848 CD denotes 21
T8665 3848-3849 , denotes ,
T8661 3849-3851 CD denotes 22
T8666 3851-3852 -RRB- denotes ]
T8667 3852-3853 . denotes .
T8668 3853-4005 sentence denotes Hepatocyte growth factor/Scatter factor (HGF) is one potential candidate responsible for the guidance of muscle precursors to the membranous diaphragm.
T8669 3854-3864 NN denotes Hepatocyte
T8671 3865-3871 NN denotes growth
T8670 3872-3878 NN denotes factor
T8673 3878-3879 HYPH denotes /
T8674 3879-3886 NN denotes Scatter
T8675 3887-3893 NN denotes factor
T8676 3894-3895 -LRB- denotes (
T8677 3895-3898 NN denotes HGF
T8678 3898-3899 -RRB- denotes )
T8672 3900-3902 VBZ denotes is
T8679 3903-3906 CD denotes one
T8681 3907-3916 JJ denotes potential
T8680 3917-3926 NN denotes candidate
T8682 3927-3938 JJ denotes responsible
T8683 3939-3942 IN denotes for
T8684 3943-3946 DT denotes the
T8685 3947-3955 NN denotes guidance
T8686 3956-3958 IN denotes of
T8687 3959-3965 NN denotes muscle
T8688 3966-3976 NNS denotes precursors
T8689 3977-3979 IN denotes to
T8690 3980-3983 DT denotes the
T8692 3984-3994 JJ denotes membranous
T8691 3995-4004 NN denotes diaphragm
T8693 4004-4005 . denotes .
T8694 4005-4228 sentence denotes It has been shown that HGF is expressed along this anatomic pathway [23], and mice with absence of the HGF receptor c-Met fail to form muscularized pleuroperitoneal folds (PPFs), and thus have amuscular diaphragms [24,25].
T8695 4006-4008 PRP denotes It
T8697 4009-4012 VBZ denotes has
T8698 4013-4017 VBN denotes been
T8696 4018-4023 VBN denotes shown
T8699 4024-4028 IN denotes that
T8701 4029-4032 NN denotes HGF
T8702 4033-4035 VBZ denotes is
T8700 4036-4045 VBN denotes expressed
T8703 4046-4051 IN denotes along
T8704 4052-4056 DT denotes this
T8706 4057-4065 JJ denotes anatomic
T8705 4066-4073 NN denotes pathway
T8707 4074-4075 -LRB- denotes [
T8708 4075-4077 CD denotes 23
T8709 4077-4078 -RRB- denotes ]
T8710 4078-4080 , denotes ,
T8711 4080-4083 CC denotes and
T8712 4084-4088 NNS denotes mice
T8714 4089-4093 IN denotes with
T8715 4094-4101 NN denotes absence
T8716 4102-4104 IN denotes of
T8717 4105-4108 DT denotes the
T8719 4109-4112 NN denotes HGF
T8718 4113-4121 NN denotes receptor
T8720 4122-4123 NN denotes c
T8722 4123-4124 HYPH denotes -
T8721 4124-4127 NN denotes Met
T8713 4128-4132 VBP denotes fail
T8723 4133-4135 TO denotes to
T8724 4136-4140 VB denotes form
T8725 4141-4153 VBN denotes muscularized
T8727 4154-4170 JJ denotes pleuroperitoneal
T8726 4171-4176 NNS denotes folds
T8728 4177-4178 -LRB- denotes (
T8729 4178-4182 NNS denotes PPFs
T8730 4182-4183 -RRB- denotes )
T8731 4183-4185 , denotes ,
T8732 4185-4188 CC denotes and
T8733 4189-4193 RB denotes thus
T8734 4194-4198 VBP denotes have
T8735 4199-4208 JJ denotes amuscular
T8736 4209-4219 NNS denotes diaphragms
T8737 4220-4221 -LRB- denotes [
T8739 4221-4223 CD denotes 24
T8740 4223-4224 , denotes ,
T8738 4224-4226 CD denotes 25
T8741 4226-4227 -RRB- denotes ]
T8742 4227-4228 . denotes .
T8743 4228-4369 sentence denotes Fog2 is expressed diffusely in the early amuscular diaphragm at E11.5 as well as in the later muscularized diaphragm (see Figure 3C and 3D).
T8744 4229-4233 NN denotes Fog2
T8746 4234-4236 VBZ denotes is
T8745 4237-4246 VBN denotes expressed
T8747 4247-4256 RB denotes diffusely
T8748 4257-4259 IN denotes in
T8749 4260-4263 DT denotes the
T8751 4264-4269 JJ denotes early
T8752 4270-4279 JJ denotes amuscular
T8750 4280-4289 NN denotes diaphragm
T8753 4290-4292 IN denotes at
T8754 4293-4298 NN denotes E11.5
T8755 4299-4301 RB denotes as
T8757 4302-4306 RB denotes well
T8756 4307-4309 IN denotes as
T8758 4310-4312 IN denotes in
T8759 4313-4316 DT denotes the
T8761 4317-4322 JJ denotes later
T8762 4323-4335 VBN denotes muscularized
T8760 4336-4345 NN denotes diaphragm
T8763 4346-4347 -LRB- denotes (
T8764 4347-4350 VB denotes see
T8765 4351-4357 NN denotes Figure
T8766 4358-4360 CD denotes 3C
T8767 4361-4364 CC denotes and
T8768 4365-4367 CD denotes 3D
T8769 4367-4368 -RRB- denotes )
T8770 4368-4369 . denotes .
T8771 4369-4544 sentence denotes Pax3 and MyoD, transcription factors required for appropriate migration and determination of myogenic precursors, were detected in the PPFs of Fog2 lil mice (data not shown).
T8772 4370-4374 NN denotes Pax3
T8774 4375-4378 CC denotes and
T8775 4379-4383 NN denotes MyoD
T8776 4383-4385 , denotes ,
T8777 4385-4398 NN denotes transcription
T8778 4399-4406 NNS denotes factors
T8779 4407-4415 VBN denotes required
T8780 4416-4419 IN denotes for
T8781 4420-4431 JJ denotes appropriate
T8782 4432-4441 NN denotes migration
T8783 4442-4445 CC denotes and
T8784 4446-4459 NN denotes determination
T8785 4460-4462 IN denotes of
T8786 4463-4471 JJ denotes myogenic
T8787 4472-4482 NNS denotes precursors
T8788 4482-4484 , denotes ,
T8789 4484-4488 VBD denotes were
T8773 4489-4497 VBN denotes detected
T8790 4498-4500 IN denotes in
T8791 4501-4504 DT denotes the
T8792 4505-4509 NNS denotes PPFs
T8793 4510-4512 IN denotes of
T8794 4513-4517 NN denotes Fog2
T8796 4518-4521 NN denotes lil
T8795 4522-4526 NNS denotes mice
T8797 4527-4528 -LRB- denotes (
T8799 4528-4532 NNS denotes data
T8800 4533-4536 RB denotes not
T8798 4537-4542 VBN denotes shown
T8801 4542-4543 -RRB- denotes )
T8802 4543-4544 . denotes .
T8803 4544-4740 sentence denotes However, in situ expression analysis demonstrated that the expression of HGF in the region where this structure meets the membranous diaphragm was markedly reduced in Fog2 mutant mice (Figure 6).
T8804 4545-4552 RB denotes However
T8806 4552-4554 , denotes ,
T8807 4554-4556 FW denotes in
T8808 4557-4561 FW denotes situ
T8810 4562-4572 NN denotes expression
T8809 4573-4581 NN denotes analysis
T8805 4582-4594 VBD denotes demonstrated
T8811 4595-4599 IN denotes that
T8813 4600-4603 DT denotes the
T8814 4604-4614 NN denotes expression
T8815 4615-4617 IN denotes of
T8816 4618-4621 NN denotes HGF
T8817 4622-4624 IN denotes in
T8818 4625-4628 DT denotes the
T8819 4629-4635 NN denotes region
T8820 4636-4641 WRB denotes where
T8822 4642-4646 DT denotes this
T8823 4647-4656 NN denotes structure
T8821 4657-4662 VBZ denotes meets
T8824 4663-4666 DT denotes the
T8826 4667-4677 JJ denotes membranous
T8825 4678-4687 NN denotes diaphragm
T8827 4688-4691 VBD denotes was
T8828 4692-4700 RB denotes markedly
T8812 4701-4708 VBN denotes reduced
T8829 4709-4711 IN denotes in
T8830 4712-4716 NN denotes Fog2
T8832 4717-4723 NN denotes mutant
T8831 4724-4728 NNS denotes mice
T8833 4729-4730 -LRB- denotes (
T8834 4730-4736 NN denotes Figure
T8835 4737-4738 CD denotes 6
T8836 4738-4739 -RRB- denotes )
T8837 4739-4740 . denotes .
T8838 4740-5034 sentence denotes We hypothesize that Fog2 is required (either directly or indirectly) for the induction of HGF in the developing diaphragm, and dysregulation of HGF patterning along the path of muscle precursor cell migration between the PPF and the diaphragm accounts for the abnormal phenotype in these mice.
T8839 4741-4743 PRP denotes We
T8840 4744-4755 VBP denotes hypothesize
T8841 4756-4760 IN denotes that
T8843 4761-4765 NN denotes Fog2
T8844 4766-4768 VBZ denotes is
T8842 4769-4777 VBN denotes required
T8845 4778-4779 -LRB- denotes (
T8846 4779-4785 CC denotes either
T8847 4786-4794 RB denotes directly
T8848 4795-4797 CC denotes or
T8849 4798-4808 RB denotes indirectly
T8850 4808-4809 -RRB- denotes )
T8851 4810-4813 IN denotes for
T8852 4814-4817 DT denotes the
T8853 4818-4827 NN denotes induction
T8854 4828-4830 IN denotes of
T8855 4831-4834 NN denotes HGF
T8856 4835-4837 IN denotes in
T8857 4838-4841 DT denotes the
T8859 4842-4852 VBG denotes developing
T8858 4853-4862 NN denotes diaphragm
T8860 4862-4864 , denotes ,
T8861 4864-4867 CC denotes and
T8862 4868-4881 NN denotes dysregulation
T8864 4882-4884 IN denotes of
T8865 4885-4888 NN denotes HGF
T8866 4889-4899 NN denotes patterning
T8867 4900-4905 IN denotes along
T8868 4906-4909 DT denotes the
T8869 4910-4914 NN denotes path
T8870 4915-4917 IN denotes of
T8871 4918-4924 NN denotes muscle
T8873 4925-4934 NN denotes precursor
T8872 4935-4939 NN denotes cell
T8874 4940-4949 NN denotes migration
T8875 4950-4957 IN denotes between
T8876 4958-4961 DT denotes the
T8877 4962-4965 NN denotes PPF
T8878 4966-4969 CC denotes and
T8879 4970-4973 DT denotes the
T8880 4974-4983 NN denotes diaphragm
T8863 4984-4992 VBZ denotes accounts
T8881 4993-4996 IN denotes for
T8882 4997-5000 DT denotes the
T8884 5001-5009 JJ denotes abnormal
T8883 5010-5019 NN denotes phenotype
T8885 5020-5022 IN denotes in
T8886 5023-5028 DT denotes these
T8887 5029-5033 NNS denotes mice
T8888 5033-5034 . denotes .
R1805 T8121 T8122 nmod Lung,Development
R1806 T8123 T8121 cc and,Lung
R1807 T8124 T8121 conj Diaphragm,Lung
R1808 T8125 T8122 prep in,Development
R1809 T8126 T8127 det the,Mouse
R1810 T8127 T8125 pobj Mouse,in
R1811 T8128 T8129 compound Fog2,Mutant
R1812 T8129 T8127 compound Mutant,Mouse
R1813 T8131 T8132 nsubjpass Experiments,conducted
R1814 T8133 T8132 auxpass were,conducted
R1815 T8134 T8135 aux to,evaluate
R1816 T8135 T8132 advcl evaluate,conducted
R1817 T8136 T8137 det the,role
R1818 T8137 T8135 dobj role,evaluate
R1819 T8138 T8137 prep of,role
R1820 T8139 T8138 pobj Fog2,of
R1821 T8140 T8137 prep in,role
R1822 T8141 T8142 amod pulmonary,development
R1823 T8142 T8140 pobj development,in
R1824 T8143 T8141 cc and,pulmonary
R1825 T8144 T8141 conj diaphragmatic,pulmonary
R1826 T8145 T8132 punct .,conducted
R1827 T8147 T8148 det The,phenotype
R1828 T8148 T8150 nsubjpass phenotype,characterized
R1829 T8149 T8148 amod pulmonary,phenotype
R1830 T8151 T8150 auxpass is,characterized
R1831 T8152 T8150 agent by,characterized
R1832 T8153 T8154 amod diffuse,hypoplasia
R1833 T8154 T8152 pobj hypoplasia,by
R1834 T8155 T8154 cc and,hypoplasia
R1835 T8156 T8157 amod specific,loss
R1836 T8157 T8154 conj loss,hypoplasia
R1837 T8158 T8157 prep of,loss
R1838 T8159 T8160 det the,lobe
R1839 T8160 T8158 pobj lobe,of
R1840 T8161 T8160 amod accessory,lobe
R1841 T8162 T8160 cc and,lobe
R1842 T8163 T8164 det a,portion
R1843 T8164 T8160 conj portion,lobe
R1844 T8165 T8164 prep of,portion
R1845 T8166 T8167 det the,lobe
R1846 T8167 T8165 pobj lobe,of
R1847 T8168 T8167 amod right,lobe
R1848 T8169 T8167 amod middle,lobe
R1849 T8170 T8150 punct .,characterized
R1850 T8172 T8173 nsubj It,is
R1851 T8174 T8175 advmod well,established
R1852 T8175 T8173 acomp established,is
R1853 T8176 T8177 mark that,result
R1854 T8177 T8173 ccomp result,is
R1855 T8178 T8177 nsubj abnormalities,result
R1856 T8179 T8178 prep in,abnormalities
R1857 T8180 T8181 preconj either,development
R1858 T8181 T8179 pobj development,in
R1859 T8182 T8181 amod diaphragmatic,development
R1860 T8183 T8181 cc or,development
R1861 T8184 T8185 amod fetal,breathing
R1862 T8185 T8181 conj breathing,development
R1863 T8186 T8177 aux can,result
R1864 T8187 T8177 prep in,result
R1865 T8188 T8189 det a,hypoplasia
R1866 T8189 T8187 pobj hypoplasia,in
R1867 T8190 T8189 amod secondary,hypoplasia
R1868 T8191 T8189 amod pulmonary,hypoplasia
R1869 T8192 T8177 punct ", ",result
R1870 T8193 T8194 mark although,documented
R1871 T8194 T8177 advcl documented,result
R1872 T8195 T8194 nsubjpass loss,documented
R1873 T8196 T8195 prep of,loss
R1874 T8197 T8198 amod normal,structure
R1875 T8198 T8196 pobj structure,of
R1876 T8199 T8194 aux has,documented
R1877 T8200 T8194 neg never,documented
R1878 T8201 T8194 auxpass been,documented
R1879 T8202 T8194 prep in,documented
R1880 T8203 T8204 det this,context
R1881 T8204 T8202 pobj context,in
R1882 T8205 T8206 punct [,18
R1883 T8206 T8173 parataxis 18,is
R1884 T8207 T8206 nummod 17,18
R1885 T8208 T8206 punct ",",18
R1886 T8209 T8206 punct ],18
R1887 T8210 T8173 punct .,is
R1888 T8212 T8213 nsubjpass Fog2,expressed
R1889 T8214 T8213 auxpass is,expressed
R1890 T8215 T8213 advmod diffusely,expressed
R1891 T8216 T8213 prep in,expressed
R1892 T8217 T8218 det the,mesenchyme
R1893 T8218 T8216 pobj mesenchyme,in
R1894 T8219 T8218 amod pulmonary,mesenchyme
R1895 T8220 T8213 prep during,expressed
R1896 T8221 T8222 det the,period
R1897 T8222 T8220 pobj period,during
R1898 T8223 T8222 prep of,period
R1899 T8224 T8225 compound branching,morphogenesis
R1900 T8225 T8223 pobj morphogenesis,of
R1901 T8226 T8213 punct ", ",expressed
R1902 T8227 T8228 mark while,restricted
R1903 T8228 T8213 advcl restricted,expressed
R1904 T8229 T8230 amod later,expression
R1905 T8230 T8228 nsubjpass expression,restricted
R1906 T8231 T8228 auxpass is,restricted
R1907 T8232 T8228 prep to,restricted
R1908 T8233 T8234 det the,muscles
R1909 T8234 T8232 pobj muscles,to
R1910 T8235 T8234 amod smooth,muscles
R1911 T8236 T8234 prep of,muscles
R1912 T8237 T8236 pobj airways,of
R1913 T8238 T8237 cc and,airways
R1914 T8239 T8240 amod pulmonary,vessels
R1915 T8240 T8237 conj vessels,airways
R1916 T8241 T8242 punct (,Figure
R1917 T8242 T8213 parataxis Figure,expressed
R1918 T8243 T8242 nummod 3,Figure
R1919 T8244 T8242 punct ),Figure
R1920 T8245 T8213 punct .,expressed
R1921 T8247 T8248 nsubj This,suggests
R1922 T8249 T8247 punct ", ",This
R1923 T8250 T8247 cc and,This
R1924 T8251 T8252 det the,observation
R1925 T8252 T8247 conj observation,This
R1926 T8253 T8254 mark that,appeared
R1927 T8254 T8252 acl appeared,observation
R1928 T8255 T8254 nsubj lungs,appeared
R1929 T8256 T8254 oprd small,appeared
R1930 T8257 T8254 prep on,appeared
R1931 T8258 T8259 amod transverse,sections
R1932 T8259 T8257 pobj sections,on
R1933 T8260 T8259 acl evaluated,sections
R1934 T8261 T8262 amod prior,to
R1935 T8262 T8260 prep to,evaluated
R1936 T8263 T8264 amod diaphragmatic,muscularization
R1937 T8264 T8262 pobj muscularization,to
R1938 T8265 T8264 cc or,muscularization
R1939 T8266 T8264 conj function,muscularization
R1940 T8267 T8248 punct ", ",suggests
R1941 T8268 T8269 mark that,occurs
R1942 T8269 T8248 ccomp occurs,suggests
R1943 T8270 T8271 det the,hypoplasia
R1944 T8271 T8269 nsubj hypoplasia,occurs
R1945 T8272 T8271 amod pulmonary,hypoplasia
R1946 T8273 T8269 advmod independently,occurs
R1947 T8274 T8273 prep of,independently
R1948 T8275 T8276 det the,defect
R1949 T8276 T8274 pobj defect,of
R1950 T8277 T8276 amod diaphragmatic,defect
R1951 T8278 T8248 punct .,suggests
R1952 T8280 T8281 aux To,test
R1953 T8281 T8282 advcl test,dissected
R1954 T8283 T8284 det this,hypothesis
R1955 T8284 T8281 dobj hypothesis,test
R1956 T8285 T8282 punct ", ",dissected
R1957 T8286 T8282 nsubjpass lungs,dissected
R1958 T8287 T8282 auxpass were,dissected
R1959 T8288 T8282 prep from,dissected
R1960 T8289 T8290 nmod Fog2,mice
R1961 T8290 T8288 pobj mice,from
R1962 T8291 T8289 punct −,Fog2
R1963 T8292 T8289 punct /,Fog2
R1964 T8293 T8289 punct −,Fog2
R1965 T8294 T8290 cc and,mice
R1966 T8295 T8296 compound littermate,controls
R1967 T8296 T8290 conj controls,mice
R1968 T8297 T8282 prep before,dissected
R1969 T8298 T8299 det the,onset
R1970 T8299 T8297 pobj onset,before
R1971 T8300 T8299 prep of,onset
R1972 T8301 T8302 amod fetal,motion
R1973 T8302 T8300 pobj motion,of
R1974 T8303 T8302 amod diaphragmatic,motion
R1975 T8304 T8282 punct .,dissected
R1976 T8306 T8307 nmod Fog2,mice
R1977 T8307 T8311 nsubjpass mice,used
R1978 T8308 T8306 punct −,Fog2
R1979 T8309 T8306 punct /,Fog2
R1980 T8310 T8306 punct −,Fog2
R1981 T8312 T8311 auxpass were,used
R1982 T8313 T8311 prep for,used
R1983 T8314 T8315 det this,experiment
R1984 T8315 T8313 pobj experiment,for
R1985 T8316 T8311 punct ", ",used
R1986 T8317 T8318 mark as,wanted
R1987 T8318 T8311 advcl wanted,used
R1988 T8319 T8318 nsubj we,wanted
R1989 T8320 T8321 aux to,avoid
R1990 T8321 T8318 xcomp avoid,wanted
R1991 T8322 T8323 amod potential,variance
R1992 T8323 T8321 dobj variance,avoid
R1993 T8324 T8323 amod phenotypic,variance
R1994 T8325 T8323 prep from,variance
R1995 T8326 T8327 det the,mutation
R1996 T8327 T8325 pobj mutation,from
R1997 T8328 T8327 nmod lil,mutation
R1998 T8329 T8327 amod hypomorphic,mutation
R1999 T8330 T8311 punct .,used
R2000 T8332 T8333 nsubj Lungs,were
R2001 T8334 T8332 acl dissected,Lungs
R2002 T8335 T8334 prep at,dissected
R2003 T8336 T8335 pobj E12,at
R2004 T8337 T8332 prep from,Lungs
R2005 T8338 T8339 nmod Fog2,embryos
R2006 T8339 T8337 pobj embryos,from
R2007 T8340 T8338 punct −,Fog2
R2008 T8341 T8338 punct /,Fog2
R2009 T8342 T8338 punct −,Fog2
R2010 T8343 T8333 acomp smaller,were
R2011 T8344 T8343 prep in,smaller
R2012 T8345 T8344 pobj size,in
R2013 T8346 T8333 cc and,were
R2014 T8347 T8333 conj lacked,were
R2015 T8348 T8349 det the,development
R2016 T8349 T8347 dobj development,lacked
R2017 T8350 T8349 prep of,development
R2018 T8351 T8352 det an,lobe
R2019 T8352 T8350 pobj lobe,of
R2020 T8353 T8352 amod accessory,lobe
R2021 T8354 T8333 punct .,were
R2022 T8356 T8357 prep In,was
R2023 T8358 T8359 nummod 11,explants
R2024 T8359 T8356 pobj explants,In
R2025 T8360 T8359 amod viable,explants
R2026 T8361 T8359 nmod Fog2,explants
R2027 T8362 T8361 punct −,Fog2
R2028 T8363 T8361 punct /,Fog2
R2029 T8364 T8361 punct −,Fog2
R2030 T8365 T8366 compound lung,culture
R2031 T8366 T8359 compound culture,explants
R2032 T8367 T8357 punct ", ",was
R2033 T8368 T8357 expl there,was
R2034 T8369 T8357 neg never,was
R2035 T8370 T8357 attr development,was
R2036 T8371 T8370 prep of,development
R2037 T8372 T8373 det an,lobe
R2038 T8373 T8371 pobj lobe,of
R2039 T8374 T8373 amod accessory,lobe
R2040 T8375 T8357 punct ", ",was
R2041 T8376 T8357 cc and,was
R2042 T8377 T8378 det the,weights
R2043 T8378 T8379 nsubj weights,were
R2044 T8379 T8357 conj were,was
R2045 T8380 T8378 prep of,weights
R2046 T8381 T8382 compound mutant,lungs
R2047 T8382 T8380 pobj lungs,of
R2048 T8383 T8382 acl cultured,lungs
R2049 T8384 T8383 prep for,cultured
R2050 T8385 T8386 nummod 5,d
R2051 T8386 T8384 pobj d,for
R2052 T8387 T8388 advmod significantly,lower
R2053 T8388 T8379 acomp lower,were
R2054 T8389 T8388 prep than,lower
R2055 T8390 T8389 pobj those,than
R2056 T8391 T8390 prep of,those
R2057 T8392 T8393 compound littermate,controls
R2058 T8393 T8391 pobj controls,of
R2059 T8394 T8395 punct (,Figure
R2060 T8395 T8379 parataxis Figure,were
R2061 T8396 T8395 nummod 4,Figure
R2062 T8397 T8395 punct ),Figure
R2063 T8398 T8357 punct .,was
R2064 T8400 T8401 det These,data
R2065 T8401 T8402 nsubj data,demonstrate
R2066 T8403 T8404 mark that,is
R2067 T8404 T8402 ccomp is,demonstrate
R2068 T8405 T8406 det the,hypoplasia
R2069 T8406 T8404 nsubj hypoplasia,is
R2070 T8407 T8406 amod pulmonary,hypoplasia
R2071 T8408 T8406 prep in,hypoplasia
R2072 T8409 T8410 compound Fog2,mice
R2073 T8410 T8408 pobj mice,in
R2074 T8411 T8410 compound mutant,mice
R2075 T8412 T8413 det a,defect
R2076 T8413 T8404 attr defect,is
R2077 T8414 T8413 amod primary,defect
R2078 T8415 T8402 punct .,demonstrate
R2079 T8417 T8418 nsubj Branching,appeared
R2080 T8419 T8417 prep in,Branching
R2081 T8420 T8421 det the,lobes
R2082 T8421 T8419 pobj lobes,in
R2083 T8422 T8421 amod unaffected,lobes
R2084 T8423 T8424 aux to,delayed
R2085 T8424 T8418 xcomp delayed,appeared
R2086 T8425 T8424 auxpass be,delayed
R2087 T8426 T8424 prep by,delayed
R2088 T8427 T8428 quantmod 6,12
R2089 T8428 T8430 nummod 12,h
R2090 T8429 T8428 punct –,12
R2091 T8430 T8426 pobj h,by
R2092 T8431 T8418 punct ", ",appeared
R2093 T8432 T8418 cc but,appeared
R2094 T8433 T8434 det all,mutants
R2095 T8434 T8435 nsubj mutants,developed
R2096 T8435 T8418 conj developed,appeared
R2097 T8436 T8437 det an,pattern
R2098 T8437 T8435 dobj pattern,developed
R2099 T8438 T8437 amod intricate,pattern
R2100 T8439 T8437 compound branching,pattern
R2101 T8440 T8435 prep in,developed
R2102 T8441 T8442 det the,lobes
R2103 T8442 T8440 pobj lobes,in
R2104 T8443 T8442 amod unaffected,lobes
R2105 T8444 T8435 prep after,developed
R2106 T8445 T8444 pobj culture,after
R2107 T8446 T8445 prep for,culture
R2108 T8447 T8448 nummod 5,d
R2109 T8448 T8446 pobj d,for
R2110 T8449 T8435 punct .,developed
R2111 T8451 T8452 mark Because,is
R2112 T8452 T8456 advcl is,evaluated
R2113 T8453 T8454 det the,phenotype
R2114 T8454 T8452 nsubj phenotype,is
R2115 T8455 T8454 compound Fog2,phenotype
R2116 T8457 T8452 acomp striking,is
R2117 T8458 T8457 prep for,striking
R2118 T8459 T8460 amod specific,loss
R2119 T8460 T8458 pobj loss,for
R2120 T8461 T8460 compound lobar,loss
R2121 T8462 T8456 punct ", ",evaluated
R2122 T8463 T8464 det the,pattern
R2123 T8464 T8456 nsubjpass pattern,evaluated
R2124 T8465 T8464 amod spatial,pattern
R2125 T8466 T8464 prep of,pattern
R2126 T8467 T8468 compound Fog2,expression
R2127 T8468 T8466 pobj expression,of
R2128 T8469 T8456 auxpass was,evaluated
R2129 T8470 T8456 prep in,evaluated
R2130 T8471 T8472 amod normal,embryos
R2131 T8472 T8470 pobj embryos,in
R2132 T8473 T8456 prep during,evaluated
R2133 T8474 T8475 det the,period
R2134 T8475 T8473 pobj period,during
R2135 T8476 T8475 prep of,period
R2136 T8477 T8478 amod early,establishment
R2137 T8478 T8476 pobj establishment,of
R2138 T8479 T8478 compound lobar,establishment
R2139 T8480 T8481 aux to,determine
R2140 T8481 T8456 advcl determine,evaluated
R2141 T8482 T8483 mark whether,is
R2142 T8483 T8481 ccomp is,determine
R2143 T8484 T8485 compound Fog2,expression
R2144 T8485 T8483 nsubj expression,is
R2145 T8486 T8487 advmod specifically,different
R2146 T8487 T8483 acomp different,is
R2147 T8488 T8483 prep at,is
R2148 T8489 T8490 det these,buds
R2149 T8490 T8488 pobj buds,at
R2150 T8491 T8490 compound lobar,buds
R2151 T8492 T8456 punct .,evaluated
R2152 T8494 T8495 nsubjpass Expression,evaluated
R2153 T8496 T8495 auxpass was,evaluated
R2154 T8497 T8495 prep in,evaluated
R2155 T8498 T8497 pobj mice,in
R2156 T8499 T8498 acl carrying,mice
R2157 T8500 T8501 det a,gene
R2158 T8501 T8499 dobj gene,carrying
R2159 T8502 T8501 compound lacZ,gene
R2160 T8503 T8501 acl incorporated,gene
R2161 T8504 T8503 prep into,incorporated
R2162 T8505 T8506 det the,locus
R2163 T8506 T8504 pobj locus,into
R2164 T8507 T8506 compound Fog2,locus
R2165 T8508 T8509 punct (,S.
R2166 T8509 T8495 meta S.,evaluated
R2167 T8510 T8509 nmod Tevosian,S.
R2168 T8511 T8509 punct ", ",S.
R2169 T8512 T8509 amod unpublished,S.
R2170 T8513 T8509 nmod data,S.
R2171 T8514 T8509 punct ),S.
R2172 T8515 T8495 punct .,evaluated
R2173 T8517 T8518 prep In,showed
R2174 T8519 T8520 nummod nine,mice
R2175 T8520 T8517 pobj mice,In
R2176 T8521 T8520 acl examined,mice
R2177 T8522 T8521 prep at,examined
R2178 T8523 T8522 pobj E11.5,at
R2179 T8524 T8518 punct ", ",showed
R2180 T8525 T8526 det all,lungs
R2181 T8526 T8518 nsubj lungs,showed
R2182 T8527 T8528 det a,enhancement
R2183 T8528 T8518 dobj enhancement,showed
R2184 T8529 T8528 amod specific,enhancement
R2185 T8530 T8528 prep of,enhancement
R2186 T8531 T8532 compound Fog2,expression
R2187 T8532 T8530 pobj expression,of
R2188 T8533 T8518 prep in,showed
R2189 T8534 T8535 det the,mesenchyme
R2190 T8535 T8533 pobj mesenchyme,in
R2191 T8536 T8535 acl surrounding,mesenchyme
R2192 T8537 T8538 det the,bud
R2193 T8538 T8536 dobj bud,surrounding
R2194 T8539 T8538 amod accessory,bud
R2195 T8540 T8538 cc and,bud
R2196 T8541 T8542 det the,bud
R2197 T8542 T8538 conj bud,bud
R2198 T8543 T8542 amod right,bud
R2199 T8544 T8542 amod middle,bud
R2200 T8545 T8542 compound lobe,bud
R2201 T8546 T8538 punct ", ",bud
R2202 T8547 T8548 dep which,are
R2203 T8548 T8538 relcl are,bud
R2204 T8549 T8550 det the,lobes
R2205 T8550 T8548 attr lobes,are
R2206 T8551 T8552 dep that,develop
R2207 T8552 T8550 relcl develop,lobes
R2208 T8553 T8552 aux do,develop
R2209 T8554 T8552 neg not,develop
R2210 T8555 T8552 advmod normally,develop
R2211 T8556 T8552 prep in,develop
R2212 T8557 T8558 compound Fog2,mice
R2213 T8558 T8556 pobj mice,in
R2214 T8559 T8558 compound mutant,mice
R2215 T8560 T8561 punct (,Figure
R2216 T8561 T8518 parataxis Figure,showed
R2217 T8562 T8561 nummod 5,Figure
R2218 T8563 T8561 punct ),Figure
R2219 T8564 T8518 punct .,showed
R2220 T8566 T8567 prep By,was
R2221 T8568 T8566 pobj E12.5,By
R2222 T8569 T8567 punct ", ",was
R2223 T8570 T8567 nsubj expression,was
R2224 T8571 T8567 acomp diffuse,was
R2225 T8572 T8567 prep in,was
R2226 T8573 T8574 det the,mesenchyme
R2227 T8574 T8572 pobj mesenchyme,in
R2228 T8575 T8574 amod pulmonary,mesenchyme
R2229 T8576 T8567 punct ", ",was
R2230 T8577 T8578 mark as,seen
R2231 T8578 T8567 advcl seen,was
R2232 T8579 T8578 auxpass was,seen
R2233 T8580 T8578 advmod previously,seen
R2234 T8581 T8578 prep with,seen
R2235 T8582 T8583 advmod in,situ
R2236 T8583 T8584 amod situ,hybridization
R2237 T8584 T8581 pobj hybridization,with
R2238 T8585 T8584 prep on,hybridization
R2239 T8586 T8587 compound tissue,sections
R2240 T8587 T8585 pobj sections,on
R2241 T8588 T8567 punct .,was
R2242 T8590 T8591 nsubj Diaphragms,show
R2243 T8592 T8590 prep from,Diaphragms
R2244 T8593 T8594 compound Fog2,mice
R2245 T8594 T8592 pobj mice,from
R2246 T8595 T8594 compound lil,mice
R2247 T8596 T8597 det an,membrane
R2248 T8597 T8591 dobj membrane,show
R2249 T8598 T8597 amod intact,membrane
R2250 T8599 T8597 prep with,membrane
R2251 T8600 T8601 det a,defect
R2252 T8601 T8599 pobj defect,with
R2253 T8602 T8601 prep in,defect
R2254 T8603 T8604 amod muscular,patterning
R2255 T8604 T8602 pobj patterning,in
R2256 T8605 T8606 punct (,see
R2257 T8606 T8591 parataxis see,show
R2258 T8607 T8606 dobj Figure,see
R2259 T8608 T8607 nummod 1B,Figure
R2260 T8609 T8606 punct ),see
R2261 T8610 T8591 punct .,show
R2262 T8612 T8613 det The,portion
R2263 T8613 T8615 nsubjpass portion,populated
R2264 T8614 T8613 amod membranous,portion
R2265 T8658 T8656 cc but,intact
R2266 T8659 T8656 conj amuscular,intact
R2267 T8616 T8613 prep of,portion
R2268 T8660 T8661 punct [,22
R2269 T8661 T8641 parataxis 22,have
R2270 T8662 T8661 nummod 17,22
R2271 T8617 T8618 det the,diaphragm
R2272 T8663 T8661 punct ",",22
R2273 T8664 T8661 nummod 21,22
R2274 T8665 T8661 punct ",",22
R2275 T8618 T8616 pobj diaphragm,of
R2276 T8666 T8661 punct ],22
R2277 T8667 T8641 punct .,have
R2278 T8619 T8615 auxpass is,populated
R2279 T8669 T8670 compound Hepatocyte,factor
R2280 T8670 T8672 nsubj factor,is
R2281 T8620 T8615 agent by,populated
R2282 T8671 T8670 compound growth,factor
R2283 T8673 T8670 punct /,factor
R2284 T8621 T8622 det a,population
R2285 T8674 T8675 compound Scatter,factor
R2286 T8675 T8670 appos factor,factor
R2287 T8676 T8670 punct (,factor
R2288 T8622 T8620 pobj population,by
R2289 T8677 T8670 appos HGF,factor
R2290 T8678 T8672 punct ),is
R2291 T8679 T8680 nummod one,candidate
R2292 T8623 T8622 amod migratory,population
R2293 T8680 T8672 attr candidate,is
R2294 T8681 T8680 amod potential,candidate
R2295 T8624 T8622 prep of,population
R2296 T8682 T8680 amod responsible,candidate
R2297 T8683 T8682 prep for,responsible
R2298 T8684 T8685 det the,guidance
R2299 T8625 T8626 compound muscle,cells
R2300 T8685 T8683 pobj guidance,for
R2301 T8686 T8685 prep of,guidance
R2302 T8687 T8688 compound muscle,precursors
R2303 T8626 T8624 pobj cells,of
R2304 T8688 T8686 pobj precursors,of
R2305 T8689 T8688 prep to,precursors
R2306 T8627 T8626 compound precursor,cells
R2307 T8690 T8691 det the,diaphragm
R2308 T8691 T8689 pobj diaphragm,to
R2309 T8692 T8691 amod membranous,diaphragm
R2310 T8628 T8615 punct ", ",populated
R2311 T8693 T8672 punct .,is
R2312 T8629 T8630 advmod much,like
R2313 T8695 T8696 nsubjpass It,shown
R2314 T8697 T8696 aux has,shown
R2315 T8630 T8615 prep like,populated
R2316 T8698 T8696 auxpass been,shown
R2317 T8631 T8632 det the,limbs
R2318 T8699 T8700 mark that,expressed
R2319 T8700 T8696 ccomp expressed,shown
R2320 T8701 T8700 nsubjpass HGF,expressed
R2321 T8702 T8700 auxpass is,expressed
R2322 T8632 T8630 pobj limbs,like
R2323 T8703 T8700 prep along,expressed
R2324 T8704 T8705 det this,pathway
R2325 T8633 T8634 punct [,20
R2326 T8705 T8703 pobj pathway,along
R2327 T8706 T8705 amod anatomic,pathway
R2328 T8707 T8708 punct [,23
R2329 T8634 T8615 parataxis 20,populated
R2330 T8708 T8696 parataxis 23,shown
R2331 T8709 T8708 punct ],23
R2332 T8635 T8634 nummod 19,20
R2333 T8710 T8696 punct ", ",shown
R2334 T8711 T8696 cc and,shown
R2335 T8712 T8713 nsubj mice,fail
R2336 T8636 T8634 punct ",",20
R2337 T8713 T8696 conj fail,shown
R2338 T8714 T8712 prep with,mice
R2339 T8637 T8634 punct ],20
R2340 T8715 T8714 pobj absence,with
R2341 T8716 T8715 prep of,absence
R2342 T8717 T8718 det the,receptor
R2343 T8638 T8615 punct .,populated
R2344 T8718 T8716 pobj receptor,of
R2345 T8719 T8718 compound HGF,receptor
R2346 T8720 T8721 compound c,Met
R2347 T8640 T8641 nsubj Mice,have
R2348 T8721 T8718 appos Met,receptor
R2349 T8722 T8721 punct -,Met
R2350 T8723 T8724 aux to,form
R2351 T8724 T8713 xcomp form,fail
R2352 T8725 T8726 amod muscularized,folds
R2353 T8642 T8640 prep with,Mice
R2354 T8726 T8724 dobj folds,form
R2355 T8727 T8726 amod pleuroperitoneal,folds
R2356 T8728 T8726 punct (,folds
R2357 T8729 T8726 appos PPFs,folds
R2358 T8643 T8642 pobj defects,with
R2359 T8730 T8713 punct ),fail
R2360 T8644 T8643 prep in,defects
R2361 T8731 T8713 punct ", ",fail
R2362 T8732 T8713 cc and,fail
R2363 T8733 T8734 advmod thus,have
R2364 T8645 T8644 pobj genes,in
R2365 T8734 T8713 conj have,fail
R2366 T8735 T8736 amod amuscular,diaphragms
R2367 T8736 T8734 dobj diaphragms,have
R2368 T8646 T8645 acl known,genes
R2369 T8737 T8738 punct [,25
R2370 T8738 T8734 parataxis 25,have
R2371 T8739 T8738 nummod 24,25
R2372 T8740 T8738 punct ",",25
R2373 T8741 T8738 punct ],25
R2374 T8742 T8713 punct .,fail
R2375 T8647 T8648 aux to,be
R2376 T8744 T8745 nsubjpass Fog2,expressed
R2377 T8746 T8745 auxpass is,expressed
R2378 T8648 T8646 xcomp be,known
R2379 T8747 T8745 advmod diffusely,expressed
R2380 T8748 T8745 prep in,expressed
R2381 T8649 T8648 acomp important,be
R2382 T8650 T8649 prep for,important
R2383 T8749 T8750 det the,diaphragm
R2384 T8651 T8652 det the,control
R2385 T8750 T8748 pobj diaphragm,in
R2386 T8751 T8750 amod early,diaphragm
R2387 T8652 T8650 pobj control,for
R2388 T8752 T8750 amod amuscular,diaphragm
R2389 T8753 T8750 prep at,diaphragm
R2390 T8653 T8652 prep of,control
R2391 T8754 T8753 pobj E11.5,at
R2392 T8755 T8756 advmod as,as
R2393 T8756 T8748 cc as,in
R2394 T8654 T8655 det this,process
R2395 T8757 T8756 advmod well,as
R2396 T8758 T8748 conj in,in
R2397 T8759 T8760 det the,diaphragm
R2398 T8655 T8653 pobj process,of
R2399 T8760 T8758 pobj diaphragm,in
R2400 T8761 T8760 amod later,diaphragm
R2401 T8762 T8760 amod muscularized,diaphragm
R2402 T8656 T8657 amod intact,diaphragms
R2403 T8657 T8641 dobj diaphragms,have
R2404 T8869 T8867 pobj path,along
R2405 T8763 T8764 punct (,see
R2406 T8870 T8869 prep of,path
R2407 T8764 T8745 parataxis see,expressed
R2408 T8765 T8766 nmod Figure,3C
R2409 T8871 T8872 compound muscle,cell
R2410 T8766 T8764 dobj 3C,see
R2411 T8767 T8766 cc and,3C
R2412 T8768 T8766 conj 3D,3C
R2413 T8872 T8874 compound cell,migration
R2414 T8769 T8764 punct ),see
R2415 T8770 T8745 punct .,expressed
R2416 T8873 T8872 compound precursor,cell
R2417 T8772 T8773 nsubjpass Pax3,detected
R2418 T8874 T8870 pobj migration,of
R2419 T8774 T8772 cc and,Pax3
R2420 T8775 T8772 conj MyoD,Pax3
R2421 T8776 T8772 punct ", ",Pax3
R2422 T8777 T8778 compound transcription,factors
R2423 T8778 T8772 appos factors,Pax3
R2424 T8779 T8778 acl required,factors
R2425 T8875 T8869 prep between,path
R2426 T8780 T8779 prep for,required
R2427 T8781 T8782 amod appropriate,migration
R2428 T8782 T8780 pobj migration,for
R2429 T8783 T8782 cc and,migration
R2430 T8876 T8877 det the,PPF
R2431 T8877 T8875 pobj PPF,between
R2432 T8784 T8782 conj determination,migration
R2433 T8878 T8877 cc and,PPF
R2434 T8785 T8782 prep of,migration
R2435 T8786 T8787 amod myogenic,precursors
R2436 T8787 T8785 pobj precursors,of
R2437 T8879 T8880 det the,diaphragm
R2438 T8788 T8773 punct ", ",detected
R2439 T8789 T8773 auxpass were,detected
R2440 T8790 T8773 prep in,detected
R2441 T8880 T8877 conj diaphragm,PPF
R2442 T8791 T8792 det the,PPFs
R2443 T8792 T8790 pobj PPFs,in
R2444 T8881 T8863 prep for,accounts
R2445 T8793 T8792 prep of,PPFs
R2446 T8794 T8795 compound Fog2,mice
R2447 T8795 T8793 pobj mice,of
R2448 T8796 T8795 compound lil,mice
R2449 T8882 T8883 det the,phenotype
R2450 T8797 T8798 punct (,shown
R2451 T8798 T8773 parataxis shown,detected
R2452 T8799 T8798 nsubj data,shown
R2453 T8883 T8881 pobj phenotype,for
R2454 T8800 T8798 neg not,shown
R2455 T8801 T8798 punct ),shown
R2456 T8884 T8883 amod abnormal,phenotype
R2457 T8802 T8773 punct .,detected
R2458 T8804 T8805 advmod However,demonstrated
R2459 T8885 T8863 prep in,accounts
R2460 T8806 T8805 punct ", ",demonstrated
R2461 T8807 T8808 advmod in,situ
R2462 T8886 T8887 det these,mice
R2463 T8808 T8809 amod situ,analysis
R2464 T8809 T8805 nsubj analysis,demonstrated
R2465 T8810 T8809 compound expression,analysis
R2466 T8887 T8885 pobj mice,in
R2467 T8811 T8812 mark that,reduced
R2468 T8812 T8805 ccomp reduced,demonstrated
R2469 T8813 T8814 det the,expression
R2470 T8888 T8863 punct .,accounts
R2471 T8814 T8812 nsubjpass expression,reduced
R2472 T8815 T8814 prep of,expression
R2473 T8816 T8815 pobj HGF,of
R2474 T8817 T8814 prep in,expression
R2475 T8818 T8819 det the,region
R2476 T8819 T8817 pobj region,in
R2477 T8820 T8821 advmod where,meets
R2478 T8821 T8819 relcl meets,region
R2479 T8822 T8823 det this,structure
R2480 T8823 T8821 nsubj structure,meets
R2481 T8824 T8825 det the,diaphragm
R2482 T8825 T8821 dobj diaphragm,meets
R2483 T8826 T8825 amod membranous,diaphragm
R2484 T8827 T8812 auxpass was,reduced
R2485 T8828 T8812 advmod markedly,reduced
R2486 T8829 T8812 prep in,reduced
R2487 T8830 T8831 compound Fog2,mice
R2488 T8831 T8829 pobj mice,in
R2489 T8832 T8831 compound mutant,mice
R2490 T8833 T8834 punct (,Figure
R2491 T8834 T8805 parataxis Figure,demonstrated
R2492 T8835 T8834 nummod 6,Figure
R2493 T8836 T8834 punct ),Figure
R2494 T8837 T8805 punct .,demonstrated
R2495 T8839 T8840 nsubj We,hypothesize
R2496 T8841 T8842 mark that,required
R2497 T8842 T8840 ccomp required,hypothesize
R2498 T8843 T8842 nsubjpass Fog2,required
R2499 T8844 T8842 auxpass is,required
R2500 T8845 T8842 punct (,required
R2501 T8846 T8847 preconj either,directly
R2502 T8847 T8842 advmod directly,required
R2503 T8848 T8847 cc or,directly
R2504 T8849 T8847 conj indirectly,directly
R2505 T8850 T8842 punct ),required
R2506 T8851 T8842 prep for,required
R2507 T8852 T8853 det the,induction
R2508 T8853 T8851 pobj induction,for
R2509 T8854 T8853 prep of,induction
R2510 T8855 T8854 pobj HGF,of
R2511 T8856 T8853 prep in,induction
R2512 T8857 T8858 det the,diaphragm
R2513 T8858 T8856 pobj diaphragm,in
R2514 T8859 T8858 amod developing,diaphragm
R2515 T8860 T8840 punct ", ",hypothesize
R2516 T8861 T8840 cc and,hypothesize
R2517 T8862 T8863 nsubj dysregulation,accounts
R2518 T8863 T8840 conj accounts,hypothesize
R2519 T8864 T8862 prep of,dysregulation
R2520 T8865 T8866 compound HGF,patterning
R2521 T8866 T8864 pobj patterning,of
R2522 T8867 T8866 prep along,patterning
R2523 T8868 T8869 det the,path