| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
0-78 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Comedo-ductal carcinoma in situ: A paradoxical role for programmed cell death. |
| T2 |
79-264 |
DRI_Challenge |
denotes |
Comedo-DCIS is a histologic subtype of preinvasive breast neoplasia that is characterized by prominent apoptotic cell death and has greater malignant potential than other DCIS subtypes. |
| T3 |
265-385 |
DRI_Challenge |
denotes |
We investigated the mechanisms of apoptosis in comedo-DCIS and its role in conversion of comedo-DCIS to invasive cancer. |
| T4 |
386-525 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Clinical comedo-DCIS excisions and the MCF10DCIS.com human breast cancer model which produces lesions resembling comedo-DCIS were analyzed. |
| T5 |
526-721 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Apoptotic luminal and myoepithelial cells were identified by TUNEL and reactivity to cleaved PARP antibody and cell death assessed by Western blotting, Mitocapture and immunohistochemical assays. |
| T6 |
722-941 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
MCF10DCIS.com cells undergo spontaneous apoptosis in vitro, both in monolayers and multicellular spheroids; it is associated with increased mitochondrial membrane permeability, increase in Bax/Bcl-2 ratio and occurs via |
| T7 |
942-977 |
Token_Label.OUTSIDE |
denotes |
caspase-9-dependent p53-independent |
| T8 |
978-986 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
pathway. |
| T9 |
987-1094 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
This suggests that apoptosis is stromal-independent and that the cells are programmed to undergo apoptosis. |
| T10 |
1095-1282 |
DRI_Outcome |
denotes |
Immunostaining with cleaved PARP antibody showed that myoepithelial apoptosis occurs before lesions progress to comedo-DCIS in both clinical comedo-DCIS and in vivo MCF10DCIS.com lesions. |
| T11 |
1283-1471 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Intense staining for MMP-2, MMP-3, MMP-9 and MMP-11 was observed in the stroma and epithelia of solid DCIS lesions prior to conversion to comedo-DCIS in clinical and MCF10DCIS.com lesions. |
| T12 |
1472-1564 |
DRI_Unspecified |
denotes |
Gelatin zymography showed higher MMP-2 levels in lysates and conditioned media of MCF10DCIS. |
| T13 |
1565-1596 |
DRI_Unspecified |
denotes |
com cells undergoing apoptosis. |
| T14 |
1597-1811 |
DRI_Outcome |
denotes |
These data suggest that signals arising from the outside (microenvironmental) and inside (internal genetic alterations) of the duct act in concert to trigger apoptosis of myoepithelial and luminal epithelial cells. |
| T15 |
1812-1909 |
DRI_Outcome |
denotes |
Our findings implicate spontaneous apoptosis in both the etiology and progression of comedo-DCIS. |
| T16 |
1910-2100 |
DRI_Challenge |
denotes |
It is possible that spontaneous apoptosis facilitates elimination of cells thus permitting expansion and malignant transformation of cancer cells that are resistant to spontaneous apoptosis. |