| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T1 |
96-211 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Cardiovascular disease is a leading cause of death worldwide, where myocardial infarction (MI) is a major category. |
| T2 |
212-367 |
DRI_Challenge |
denotes |
After infarction, the heart has difficulty providing sufficient energy for circulation, and thus, understanding the heart's energy efficiency is important. |
| T3 |
368-598 |
DRI_Challenge |
denotes |
We induced MI in a porcine animal model via circumflex ligation and acquired multiple-slice cine magnetic resonance (MR) images in a longitudinal manner-before infarction, and 1 week (acute) and 4 weeks (chronic) after infarction. |
| T4 |
599-750 |
DRI_Approach |
denotes |
Computational fluid dynamic simulations were performed based on MR images to obtain detailed fluid dynamics and energy dynamics of the left ventricles. |
| T5 |
751-846 |
DRI_Outcome |
denotes |
Results showed that energy efficiency flow through the heart decreased at the acute time point. |
| T6 |
847-1064 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Since the heart was observed to experience changes in heart rate, stroke volume and chamber size over the two post-infarction time points, simulations were performed to test the effect of each of the three parameters. |
| T7 |
1065-1214 |
DRI_Background |
denotes |
Increasing heart rate and stroke volume were found to significantly decrease flow energy efficiency, but the effect of chamber size was inconsistent. |
| T8 |
1215-1380 |
DRI_Outcome |
denotes |
Strong complex interplay was observed between the three parameters, necessitating the use of non-dimensional parameterization to characterize flow energy efficiency. |
| T9 |
1381-1573 |
DRI_Approach |
denotes |
The ratio of Reynolds to Strouhal number, which is a form of Womersley number, was found to be the most effective non-dimensional parameter to represent energy efficiency of flow in the heart. |
| T10 |
1574-1742 |
DRI_Approach |
denotes |
We believe that this non-dimensional number can be computed for clinical cases via ultrasound and hypothesize that it can serve as a biomarker for clinical evaluations. |
