LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7799378 / 11004-16937 JSONTXT 3 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T91 0-104 Sentence denotes From vitamin C to G6PD in viral infections (influenza virus, enterovirus, coronavirus, and dengue virus)
T92 105-236 Sentence denotes Upon viral infection, the innate immune system acts immediately to prevent invading microbes from spreading and moving in the host.
T93 237-304 Sentence denotes The immune responses are closely associated with the redox balance.
T94 305-422 Sentence denotes The redox milieu can modulate viral replication, including HIV, influenza, and respiratory syncytial viruses [44–46].
T95 423-626 Sentence denotes Antioxidant therapy may prove effective in the prevention of viral infection through redox control [47–50], while insufficient antioxidant capacity is conducive to viral production and virulence [51,52].
T96 627-720 Sentence denotes For instance, glutathione can inactivate dengue and chikungunya viruses in the blood [53,54].
T97 721-821 Sentence denotes N-acetylcysteine (NAC) attenuates influenza-like symptoms and COVID-19-induced inflammation [55,56].
T98 822-971 Sentence denotes On the other hand, selenium deficiency in mice is associated with enhanced enteroviruses virulence and the development of myocardial lesions [57,58].
T99 972-1075 Sentence denotes Glutathione deficiency is linked to HIV progression and poor survival of HIV-infected individuals [59].
T100 1076-1194 Sentence denotes Vitamin C, a natural antioxidant and potent free radical scavenger, has long been known for its antiviral effect [60].
T101 1195-1318 Sentence denotes The capacity for donating electrons enables vitamin C to support essential cellular processes and immune responses [61–64].
T102 1319-1457 Sentence denotes Vitamin C maintains barrier integrity and facilitates wound healing of the skin against oxidative stress and microbial infections [65,66].
T103 1458-1557 Sentence denotes Vitamin C is required for chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and microbial clearance in neutrophils [67,68].
T104 1558-1692 Sentence denotes It is also necessary for apoptosis and clearance of used neutrophils as well as neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation [69,70].
T105 1693-1782 Sentence denotes The acidic condition caused by vitamin C helps to convert inorganic nitrate into NO [71].
T106 1783-1860 Sentence denotes Lack of vitamin C leads to immune dysfunction and vulnerability to infection.
T107 1861-1941 Sentence denotes Humans cannot produce vitamin C owing to nonfunctional L-gluconolactone oxidase.
T108 1942-2049 Sentence denotes Supplementation with a high dose of vitamin C can reduce the symptoms and duration of the common cold [72].
T109 2050-2225 Sentence denotes Vitamin C therapy is recognized as a beneficial adjunctive strategy to ameliorate the symptoms of respiratory diseases, including severe acute respiratory disease (SARS) [73].
T110 2226-2349 Sentence denotes Glucose competes with the uptake of the oxidized form of vitamin C, dehydroascorbic acid, via the glucose transporter [74].
T111 2350-2425 Sentence denotes Hence, the bioavailability of vitamin C can be restricted by hyperglycemia.
T112 2426-2585 Sentence denotes If diabetic COVID-19 patients have low levels of vitamin C and are not treated with intravenous vitamin C, it may partly explain the severity of their illness.
T113 2586-2705 Sentence denotes Several clinical trials have been proposed to infuse high dose vitamin C as an intervention for COVID-19 patients [75].
T114 2706-2888 Sentence denotes A variety of viruses including calicivirus, hepatitis C virus (HCV), norovirus, rabies, and rubella viruses are sensitive to oxidative stress caused by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) [76].
T115 2889-2954 Sentence denotes H2O2 (0.5%) can inactivate coronavirus within a few minutes [77].
T116 2955-3113 Sentence denotes H2O2-containing sanitization products, such as nose or mouth wash, can boost innate immunity and protect against novel coronaviruses in the respiratory tract.
T117 3114-3226 Sentence denotes Nitric oxide (NO) is a gaseous free radical that regulates the immune response and provides vascular protection.
T118 3227-3311 Sentence denotes Vasodilation caused by NO potentially alleviates lung injuries due to COVID-19 [78].
T119 3312-3393 Sentence denotes Reduced or disturbed NO metabolism is linked to the disease severity of COVID-19.
T120 3394-3530 Sentence denotes NO inhalation or a nitrate-rich diet can be beneficial in reversing the pulmonary hypertension and mortality caused by COVID-19 [79,80].
T121 3531-3589 Sentence denotes NO production is positively correlated with G6PD activity.
T122 3590-3706 Sentence denotes G6PD deficiency in human granulocytes abolishes NO production induced by LPS and 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) [42].
T123 3707-3808 Sentence denotes IL-1β increases NOS expression and NO levels as well as G6PD activity in pancreatic islet cells [81].
T124 3809-3886 Sentence denotes Inhibition of G6PD by DHEA or siRNA decreases IL-1β-stimulated NO production.
T125 3887-3989 Sentence denotes The bioavailability of NO and G6PD status are inversely correlated with ROS in endothelial cells [82].
T126 3990-4170 Sentence denotes Less endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression and low levels of NO and GSH are found in G6PD-deficient endothelial cells, while L-cysteine, a GSH precursor, reduces oxidative stress [83].
T127 4171-4221 Sentence denotes Peroxynitrite derived from NO is toxic to neurons.
T128 4222-4285 Sentence denotes It stimulates G6PD activity and causes apoptosis in PC12 cells.
T129 4286-4417 Sentence denotes NO-mediated apoptotic neuronal cell death can be rescued by G6PD overexpression, while G6PD suppression worsens the apoptosis [84].
T130 4418-4479 Sentence denotes G6PD may play an important role in viral infection [9–11,85].
T131 4480-4543 Sentence denotes Lack of G6PD promotes cytopathic effects and viral replication.
T132 4544-4662 Sentence denotes G6PD-deficient cells are susceptible to viral infection, such as coronavirus, dengue virus, and enterovirus [9,85,86].
T133 4663-4856 Sentence denotes During human coronavirus 229E or enterovirus 71 infections in G6PD-deficient human lung fibroblasts and epithelial cells, HSCARG, a NADPH sensor, and a negative NF-κB regulator is up-regulated.
T134 4857-4972 Sentence denotes Knockdown of HSCARG activates NF-κB and induces downstream antiviral gene expression, including TNF-α and MX1 [10].
T135 4973-5092 Sentence denotes Downregulation of HSCARG decreases viral gene expression, while the upregulation of HSCARG increases viral replication.
T136 5093-5203 Sentence denotes This indicates that G6PD activity determines the anti-viral response mediated by HSCARG and the NF-κB pathway.
T137 5204-5386 Sentence denotes G6PD deficiency is associated with reduced expression of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and its upstream cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), which regulates inflammatory and antiviral responses [11].
T138 5387-5573 Sentence denotes TNF-α stimulated COX-2 inhibition in G6PD-deficient lung epithelial cells increases the susceptibility to coronavirus infection by the decreased phosphorylation of MAPK and NF-κB levels.
T139 5574-5805 Sentence denotes The expression of MAPK activation and COX-2 triggered by TNF-α in G6PD-deficient cells can be attenuated by siRNA against NOX or the NOX inhibitor diphenyleneiodonium (DPI), suggesting the involvement of NOX signaling by G6PD [17].
T140 5806-5933 Sentence denotes These findings indicate that G6PD is necessary for NOX activation upon TNF-α stimulation in regulating the anti-viral response.