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PMC:7796291 / 17119-20846 JSONTXT 2 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T145 0-4 Sentence denotes 3.2.
T146 5-17 Sentence denotes Charge Decay
T147 18-141 Sentence denotes To examine the cause of reduced performance, the surface potential of the filter web was measured (Figure 3 and Figure S6).
T148 142-355 Sentence denotes The surface charges of the filter media are not consistently positive or negative; instead, both positive and negative charges can exist simultaneously, compensating the overall charges on the filter surface [45].
T149 356-481 Sentence denotes Therefore, for such cases, the average surface potential over an area can be less meaningful than the variation of potential.
T150 482-656 Sentence denotes In Figure 3, the surface potential across the horizontal line was measured by line-scanning, and the fluctuation of the voltage values was observed as an important parameter.
T151 657-883 Sentence denotes The surface potential of the untreated filter webs from respirators A and B ranged from −1.6 kV to +4.4 kV, and these surface charges contributed to particle capture either by coulombic attraction or induced polarization [46].
T152 884-1014 Sentence denotes When the electret media was exposed to IPA, EtOH, and detergent solution, the range of surface potential was considerably reduced.
T153 1015-1153 Sentence denotes In particular, IPA-treated respirator exhibited nearly 0 kV invariably across all areas, clearly indicating the loss of surface potential.
T154 1154-1337 Sentence denotes The EtOH or detergent-treated respirators showed a slightly larger variation than the IPA-treated ones, indicating that surface charges may not be completely lost by those treatments.
T155 1338-1559 Sentence denotes The remaining charges would contribute to electrostatic filtration mechanism, as indicated by the higher filtration efficiency of EtOH and detergent-treated respirators compared to that of the IPA-treated ones (Figure 2).
T156 1560-1734 Sentence denotes The charge decay occurred by the exposure to alcohol and detergent solution was probably due to the mobility of the charge carrier caused by the penetration of liquid [9,24].
T157 1735-1882 Sentence denotes Water has high surface tension and does not wet the polypropylene (PP) surface; therefore, the effect of water-immersion on PP media is negligible.
T158 1883-2111 Sentence denotes IPA and EtOH immediately wetted the PP media in each layer as represented by the contact angle ~0° (Figure 4); and penetration of solvents into PP molecules expedited the charge carrier mobility, quickly dissipating the charges.
T159 2112-2264 Sentence denotes In the case of 0.1% detergent solution, instantaneous contact angle was around 120°, then within 30~60 s, the PP web fully absorbed the liquid droplets.
T160 2265-2448 Sentence denotes As the affinity of detergent solution to PP was not as high as EtOH or IPA, the impact of detergent on the electrostatic filtration was not as significant as that of organic solvents.
T161 2449-2616 Sentence denotes Unlike the other test liquid, the ClO− droplet maintained the contact angle of 140° without spreading, and the electrostatic filtration was hardly affected (Figure 2).
T162 2617-2887 Sentence denotes Among the treatments, detergent treatment reduced the contact angle; this increased surface wettability of filter web would adversely influence the charge retention by increasing the electric conductivity, as evidenced from the surface potential measurement in Figure 3.
T163 2888-2987 Sentence denotes As a result, the filtration performance after detergent treatment significantly decreased (≥10.8%).
T164 2988-3158 Sentence denotes To examine whether UV-treated or detergent-laundered respirators changed their chemistry, contact angles and FTIR spectra from those surfaces were examined (Figure 4B,C).
T165 3159-3331 Sentence denotes Untreated PP media has C-H stretching (2906 cm−1), CH2/CH3 asymmetrical bending (around 2982 cm−1), and other carbon and hydrogen bonding (2835 to 2972 cm−1) peaks [47,48].
T166 3332-3459 Sentence denotes After UV irradiation, distinctive peaks were observed for: C-O-C (around 1058 cm−1) and O-H bending (around 1161 cm−1) [49,50].
T167 3460-3614 Sentence denotes The changed surface chemistry seemed to attribute to surface oxidation, but hardly affected the wettability and filtration performance after UV treatment.
T168 3615-3727 Sentence denotes Solvent treatments with IPA, EtOH, and ClO− showed neither noxious residues nor distinctive hydrophilic bonding.