| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T169 |
0-4 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.2. |
| T170 |
5-46 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Anxiety, Depression, and Traumatic Stress |
| T171 |
47-161 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We focused on anxiety, depression, traumatic stress and COVID-19 related anxiety, following Shevlin et al. (2020). |
| T172 |
162-383 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In order to be consistent with the original study, traumatic stress and COVID-19 related anxiety where treated independently, whereas a new variable was computed to describe participants with anxiety, depression, or both. |
| T173 |
384-480 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sample size, percentages and adjusted odds ratio are summarized in Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5. |
| T174 |
481-550 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The rate of anxiety (GAD-7) in the overall sample was 21.59% (95% CI: |
| T175 |
551-687 |
Sentence |
denotes |
15.93%–20.72%), with no differences between regions (χ2(3) = 4.07, p = 0.25) and with more women above the anxiety cut-off (11.75%, men: |
| T176 |
688-721 |
Sentence |
denotes |
6.45%; χ2(1) = 15.94, p < 0.001). |
| T177 |
722-771 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Depression (PHQ-9), with a rate of 21.4% (95% CI: |
| T178 |
772-951 |
Sentence |
denotes |
18.95%–24.03%), showed no differences between regions (χ2(3) = 0.29, p = 0.96) but was significantly higher among women (12.52%), compared to men (8.86%; χ2(1) = 5.82, p = 0.016). |
| T179 |
952-1008 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The rate of anxiety and/or depression was 26.11 (95% CI: |
| T180 |
1009-1024 |
Sentence |
denotes |
23.48%–28.91%). |
| T181 |
1025-1158 |
Sentence |
denotes |
No significant differences between regions were detected (χ2(3) = 1.78 p = 0.61), whereas the gender difference was confirmed (women: |
| T182 |
1159-1171 |
Sentence |
denotes |
15.90%, men: |
| T183 |
1172-1206 |
Sentence |
denotes |
10.21%; χ2(1) = 13.37, p < 0.001). |
| T184 |
1207-1302 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Using the ITQ scale, 25.92% of the sample was above the traumatic stress cut-off score (95% CI: |
| T185 |
1303-1318 |
Sentence |
denotes |
23.34%–28.77%). |
| T186 |
1319-1438 |
Sentence |
denotes |
No difference was found between regions (χ2(3) = 4.30, p = 0.23), while the gender effect was again significant (women: |
| T187 |
1439-1451 |
Sentence |
denotes |
15.11%, men: |
| T188 |
1452-1485 |
Sentence |
denotes |
10.88%; χ2(1) = 7.16, p = 0.007). |
| T189 |
1486-1547 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Finally, COVID-19 related anxiety was 18.30% overall (95% CI: |
| T190 |
1548-1563 |
Sentence |
denotes |
16.02%–20.82%). |
| T191 |
1564-1664 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Regions showed a similar rate (χ2(3) = 2.66, p = 0.44) whereas a gender difference was found (women: |
| T192 |
1665-1677 |
Sentence |
denotes |
12.14%, men: |
| T193 |
1678-1711 |
Sentence |
denotes |
6.17%; χ2(1) = 20–65, p < 0.001). |
| T194 |
1712-1916 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We considered anxiety and/or depression, traumatic stress, and COVID-19-related Anxiety as dependent variables in three separate multiple logistic regressions (respectively, Table 3, Table 4 and Table 5). |
| T195 |
1917-1993 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Figure 2 shows the plot of the odds ratio for the model of traumatic stress. |
| T196 |
1994-2244 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The age effect, observed by Shevlin and colleagues, was confirmed for anxiety/depression (Adj OR = 0.96, CI = 0.95–0.97, p < 0.001), and traumatic stress (Adj OR = 0.97, CI = 0.96–0.98, p < 0.001), showing more moderate cases in younger participants. |
| T197 |
2245-2401 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A gender difference was observed only in COVID-19 anxiety, with men less anxious than women about the new virus (Adj OR = 0.33, CI = −0.03–0.69, p < 0.001). |
| T198 |
2402-2447 |
Sentence |
denotes |
No differences were observed between regions. |
| T199 |
2448-2842 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The presence of minors in the house had a detrimental effect on anxiety/depression (Adj OR = 1.55, CI = 1.20–1.90, p = 0.002) and traumatic stress (Adj OR = 1.52, CI = 1.17–1.87, p = 0.004), as did the presence of pre-existing health conditions in others (anxiety/depression; Adj OR = 1.53, CI = 1.14–1.91, p = 0.006) and themselves (traumatic stress; Adj OR = 1.59, CI = 1.15–2.02; p = 0.008). |
| T200 |
2843-3144 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, an increase in perceived risk to contract COVID-19 in the following four weeks had an effect on depression/anxiety (LR χ2(3) = 54.24, p < 0.001), traumatic stress (LR χ2(3) = 66.14, p < 0.001), and COVID-19 anxiety (LR χ2(3) = 84.74, p < 0.001), mostly in the third and fourth quartile. |
