Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T54 |
0-2 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3. |
T55 |
3-10 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Results |
T56 |
11-93 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Overall, 1826 citizens in the Province of Reggio Emilia participated in the study. |
T57 |
94-230 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most were female (76.5%), aged 18 to 64 years (88.7%), with medium-high education level (92.8%), and with no financial problems (72.3%). |
T58 |
231-357 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most lived with one or more individuals (88.6%) and continued to work (in person or remote) during lockdown (69.8%) (Table 1). |
T59 |
358-500 |
Sentence |
denotes |
At the time of the survey, most participants reported good sleep quality (n = 1026; 56.2%), with 39.5% (n = 721) reporting poor sleep quality. |
T60 |
501-730 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, 53.7% of participants experienced a change in their sleep habits since the beginning of lockdown, more frequently represented by a decrease in the amount and/or regularity of sleep (OR 3.68; 95% CI 2.32–5.82; p < 0.001). |
T61 |
731-873 |
Sentence |
denotes |
About one third of participants reported that their physical activity habits worsened (35.1%), while far fewer reported an improvement (5.3%). |
T62 |
874-1375 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most participants reported that their eating habits had changed: about one third reported an improvement (33.5%), i.e., all the self-reported changes went in the direction of a healthier diet (e.g., eating more fruit and vegetables, regular meals, etc.); others reported a worsening (17.6%), i.e., all changes went in the direction of a less healthy diet (e.g., more prepackaged foods, carbonated drinks), and 18.5% of participants had both changes in the direction of healthier and less healthy diet. |
T63 |
1376-1633 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Alcohol consumption changed for an overlapping number of participants (increased or decreased, 12.5% and 12.7%, respectively), and lower proportions of participants reported that their smoking habits had increased or decreased (7.7% and 4.1%, respectively). |
T64 |
1634-1709 |
Sentence |
denotes |
More than half of participants experienced feelings of uncertainty (54.5%). |
T65 |
1710-1867 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, a considerable proportion of individuals experienced emotions of worry (44.4%), upset (20.4), tension (19.7%), fear (16.6%) and loneliness (13.6%). |
T66 |
1868-2030 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Male sex seemed to be associated with better sleep quality (OR 0.47; 95% CI 0.29–0.76), as was a high education level compared to low (OR 0.44; 95% CI 0.23–0.81). |
T67 |
2031-2636 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Factors more strongly associated with poor sleep quality were the presence of some or many financial problems (OR 1.86; 95% CI 1.27–2.72 and OR 7.27; 95% CI 3.59–14.73, respectively), a change toward less physical activity or worse eating habits (OR 1.68; 95% CI 1.18–2.40 and OR 4.19; 95% CI 2.51–6.96, respectively), and perceiving feelings of psychological distress, such as tension (OR 3.88; 95% CI 2.74–5.52), loneliness (OR 3.27; 95% CI 2.23–4.79), upset (OR 3.26; 95% CI 2.29–4.64) uncertainty (OR 2.89; 95% CI 1.93–4.31), fear (OR 2.74; 95% CI 1.89–3.97), and/or worry (OR 2.50; 95% CI 1.75–3.58). |
T68 |
2637-2730 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A change toward mixed behaviour in eating habits was also associated with poor sleep quality. |
T69 |
2731-3073 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The multivariate regression analysis models confirmed the association between poor sleep quality and the presence of some or many financial problems (OR 1.74; 95% CI 1.17–2.57 and OR 6.96; 95% CI 3.32–14.55, respectively) and less physical activity or worse eating habits (OR 1.62; 95% CI 1.13–2.32 and OR 3.7; 95% CI 2.2–6.24, respectively). |
T70 |
3074-3249 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Again, the association between a change toward mixed behaviour in eating habits and poor sleep quality was confirmed in the adjusted model of multivariate regression analyses. |
T71 |
3250-3600 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The regression models also confirmed the association between poor sleep quality and the presence of a sense of tension (OR 3.51; 95% CI 2.44–5.03), loneliness (OR 3.07; 95% CI 2.07–4.53) upset (OR 3.01; 95% CI 2.10–4.32), uncertainty (OR 2.71; 95% CI 1.81–4.06) fear (OR 2.42; 95% CI 1.65–3.54) and/ or worry (OR 2.30; 95% CI 1.60–3.32) (Appendix A). |