LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7781431 / 6375-11306 JSONTXT 3 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T43 0-36 Sentence denotes E-, D-, and T-series resolvins (Rvs)
T44 37-275 Sentence denotes Resolvin (Rv) is a pro-resolving mediator that is derived from omega-3 fatty acids, primarily eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), docosapentaenoic acid (DPA), and clupanodonic acid (Duvall and Levy 2016; Serhan et al.
T45 276-282 Sentence denotes 2014).
T46 283-429 Sentence denotes Rvs are divided into several subclasses based on the unique aspects of their structure and/or the straight-chain PUFAs from which they are formed.
T47 430-488 Sentence denotes Resolvin Ds (RvDs) are metabolites of 22-carbon PUFA, DHA.
T48 489-839 Sentence denotes Resolvin Es (RvE) are metabolites of 20 carbons PUFA, EPA; Resolvin Dn-6DPA (RvDn-6DPA) is a DPA isomer, a metabolite of osbond acids; Resolvin Dn-3DPA (RvDn-3DPA) is a DPA isomer, a metabolite of clupanodonic acid; Resolvin Ts (RvT) is a metabolite of clupanodonic acid with 17R-hydroxyl residues, unlike RvDsn-3DPA (all have 17S-hydroxyl residues).
T49 840-985 Sentence denotes AT-RvDs, RvD isomers are synthesized by the aspirin-modified COX-2 enzyme to form 17 (R)-hydroxyl rather than the 17 (S)-hydroxyl residue of RvE.
T50 986-1137 Sentence denotes Cytochrome P450 enzymes that have not yet been characterized may also form this 17 (R)-hydroxy intermediate and contribute to the production of AT-RvE.
T51 1138-1227 Sentence denotes All mentioned Rvs except RvDsn-6DPA are metabolites of omega-3 fatty acids (Serhan et al.
T52 1228-1256 Sentence denotes 2014; Duvall and Levy 2016).
T53 1258-1276 Sentence denotes E-series resolvins
T54 1277-1324 Sentence denotes RvE is a di- or tri-hydroxyl metabolite of EPA.
T55 1325-1398 Sentence denotes To date, four RvEs (RvE1, 18S-RvE1, RvE2, and RvE3) have been discovered.
T56 1399-1540 Sentence denotes COX-2, acetylated by aspirin in hypoxic endothelial cells, introduces oxygen groups into 18R-hydro (peroxy)-eicosapentaenoic acid (18R-HEPE).
T57 1541-1662 Sentence denotes Activated PMN uses 5-LOX to convert 18R-HEPE to 5S (6)-epoxy-18R-HEPE, which is further hydrolyzed to RvE1 (Serhan et al.
T58 1663-1669 Sentence denotes 2000).
T59 1670-1789 Sentence denotes RvE2 is produced by reduction of 18R HEPE products by 5-LOX to 5S-hydroperoxy, 18-hydroxy-EPE in whole blood (Oh et al.
T60 1790-1796 Sentence denotes 2012).
T61 1797-1910 Sentence denotes Unlike RvE1, RvE2 and RvE3 are biosynthesized from 18-HEPE via the 12/15-LOX pathway in eosinophils (Isobe et al.
T62 1911-1918 Sentence denotes 2012b).
T63 1919-2051 Sentence denotes Endogenous RvE1 has been shown to accumulate for between 48 and 72 hours, which is a delayed time point of inflammation (Hong et al.
T64 2052-2058 Sentence denotes 2008).
T65 2059-2226 Sentence denotes RvE2 appeared at the time point corresponding to initial PMN infiltration in rat peritoneal exudate stimulated by zymosan A and decreased within 24 hours (Isobe et al.
T66 2227-2234 Sentence denotes 2012a).
T67 2235-2324 Sentence denotes 18S-RvE1 is produced by 5-LOX and LTA4 hydrolase using 18S-HEPE as a substrate (Oh et al.
T68 2325-2331 Sentence denotes 2011).
T69 2333-2351 Sentence denotes D-series resolvins
T70 2352-2391 Sentence denotes RvD is a polyhydroxy metabolite of DHA.
T71 2392-2549 Sentence denotes To date, six RvDs with different positions of cis-trans isomers, as well as the number, position and chirality of the hydroxyl residues have been discovered.
T72 2550-2651 Sentence denotes D-series Rvs (RvD1-RvD6) are biosynthesized from DHA by the LOX in PMN and macrophages (Serhan et al.
T73 2652-2658 Sentence denotes 2002).
T74 2659-2748 Sentence denotes Hydrolysis of peroxide intermediates derived from two LOXs in DHA produces RvD1 and RvD2.
T75 2749-2840 Sentence denotes On the other hand, the reduction of the peroxide intermediates produces RvD5 (Serhan et al.
T76 2841-2847 Sentence denotes 2002).
T77 2848-3048 Sentence denotes In hypoxic endothelial cells in the presence of aspirin, COX-2 converts DHA to 13-hydroxy-DHA or 17R-hydroxy-DHA and activated PMN converts these products to AT-RvD1, AT-RvD2, and other AT-RvD-series.
T78 3049-3209 Sentence denotes RvD3 and RvD4 are produced through hydrolysis of 4S-hydroperoxy-17S-hydroxy-docosahexaenoic acid, whereas RvD6 is derived from peroxidase of the same precursor.
T79 3210-3470 Sentence denotes In a peritonitis model, the in vivo RvD3 levels after zymosan A challenge increases significantly up to 48 hours after inflammation initiation, while RvD1, RvD2, and RvD5 peak at the early stages of the inflammation termination phase (6–24 hours) (Dalli et al.
T80 3471-3478 Sentence denotes 2013b).
T81 3479-3580 Sentence denotes RvD3 appears to be produced by a subpopulation of macrophages with high 15-LOX activity (Dalli et al.
T82 3581-3588 Sentence denotes 2013b).
T83 3589-3850 Sentence denotes In vivo production of RvD4 in an Staphylococcus aureus injected the dorsal pouch infection model continues for more than 72 hours after sustained release, suggesting that RvD is produced continuously and is under different control from other Rvs (Winkler et al.
T84 3851-3857 Sentence denotes 2016).
T85 3858-3899 Sentence denotes RvD6 kinetics have not been reported yet.
T86 3901-3919 Sentence denotes Resolvin Ts (RvTs)
T87 3920-4070 Sentence denotes In human platelets, COX-2 pre-treated with aspirin or atorvastatin metabolizes omega-3s, DPA and clupanodonic acid (DPAn-3), to 13S-hydroperoxy forms.
T88 4071-4177 Sentence denotes Aspirin and atorvastatin change the activity of COX-2 from cyclooxygenase to hydroperoxide-forming enzyme.
T89 4178-4354 Sentence denotes The intermediates formed are transported to the nearby human neutrophils and perhaps by the activity of the ALOX5 enzyme they are metabolized into four polyhydroxy metabolites:
T90 4355-4514 Sentence denotes RvT1 (7,13R, 20-trihydroxy-DPAn-3); RvT2 (7, 8,13R-trihydroxy-DPAn-3); RvT3 (7,12,13R-trihydroxy-8Z, 10E, 14E, 16Z, 19Z-DPAn-3); RvT4 (7,13R-dihydroxy-DPAn-3).
T91 4515-4664 Sentence denotes These four RvTs are formed by human neutrophils and vascular endothelial cells and are also found in rodents and human infected tissues (Dalli et al.
T92 4665-4678 Sentence denotes 2013a, 2015).
T93 4679-4815 Sentence denotes Recently, the total synthesis of RvT1, RvT2, and its 13R-epimer RvT2, and RvT4 were successfully achieved (Rodriguez and Spur 2020a, b).
T94 4816-4931 Sentence denotes Therefore, it is expected that there will be many physiological and pharmacological research on RvTs in the future.