LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7600245 / 82070-87165 JSONTXT 10 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T643 0-2 Sentence denotes 5.
T644 3-14 Sentence denotes Conclusions
T645 15-75 Sentence denotes The life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 can be divided into two phases.
T646 76-185 Sentence denotes On the one hand, events prior to the viral RNA replication represent the early stage of the virus life cycle.
T647 186-412 Sentence denotes This stage involves the binding of the virus to the host cell receptor, its membrane fusion with the host cell membrane, clathrin-mediated endocytosis, and the release of the viral genome into the host cytoplasmic environment.
T648 413-543 Sentence denotes On the other hand, events that involve RNA replication and subsequent processes represent the later stage of the virus life cycle.
T649 544-692 Sentence denotes Specifically, it entails the RNA replication process, viral protein synthesis and processing, and viral particle assembly, and mature virus release.
T650 693-802 Sentence denotes Notably, events in the two phases are mediated by several interactions among various viral and host proteins.
T651 803-936 Sentence denotes For example, the viral entry is initially mediated by interactions between the viral spike S protein and the host cell receptor ACE2.
T652 937-1039 Sentence denotes Furin, TMPRSS2, and cathepsin L enzymes are also important for the early stage of the viral infection.
T653 1040-1193 Sentence denotes Importantly, the later stage of the viral life cycle involves a different set of virus–host interactions that are mediated by a different set of enzymes.
T654 1194-1434 Sentence denotes For example, the virus genetic material replication is catalyzed by RdRp and requires nucleotides that are provided by the host cell and biosynthesized by enzymes such as inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase and dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
T655 1435-1557 Sentence denotes Furthermore, the resulting viral proteins require further processing which takes place by the action of by Mpro and PLpro.
T656 1558-1733 Sentence denotes Importantly, any of the virus or the host proteins and the associated events can serve as a potential drug target for the design and development of anti-COVID-19 therapeutics.
T657 1734-1851 Sentence denotes We previously reviewed potential anti-COVID-19 therapeutics that target the early stage in the viral life cycle [12].
T658 1852-1966 Sentence denotes In this review, we summarized potential therapeutics that interfere with the post-entry events of the viral cycle.
T659 1967-2134 Sentence denotes Important molecular targets to be considered here are the viral RNA polymerase, the viral processing Mpro and PLpro enzymes, and the host dihydroorotate dehydrogenase.
T660 2135-2234 Sentence denotes In this arena, we described potential therapeutics that are currently listed in clinicaltrials.gov.
T661 2235-2821 Sentence denotes These include small molecule drugs such as nucleoside-based antivirals (galidesivir, ribavirin, clevudine, emtricitabine, and EIDD-2801), nucleotide-based antivirals, (remdesivir, tenofovir, and AT-527), arylpropanol-based peptidomimetics (lopinavir, ritonavir, and others), NSAIDs (indomethacin and naproxen), inhaled nitric oxide, polyalcohol natural products (resveratrol and quercetin), antiprotozoal and antimalarial drugs (nitazoxanide, levamisole, atovaquone, and artesunate), cyclic and acyclic natural peptides (deferoxamine, plitidepsin, and cyclosporine A), and a few others.
T662 2822-3002 Sentence denotes The case of favipiravir is also unique as it is a non-nucleoside(tide) drug, yet it gets subsequently activated to the corresponding active form of favipiravir-ribose-triphosphate.
T663 3003-3110 Sentence denotes The described therapeutics also include macromolecules such as thymalfasin, lactoferrin, TY027, and XAV-19.
T664 3111-3246 Sentence denotes Many of the above drugs are currently approved therapeutics for other indications; thus, they present a unique repurposing opportunity.
T665 3247-3358 Sentence denotes Yet, others are new molecular entities such as AR-527, EIDD-2801, ACS-09, vidofludimus, VERU-111, and BLD-2660.
T666 3359-3531 Sentence denotes Interestingly, the reviewed therapeutics exploit a range of mechanisms which will essentially enhance the likelihood of obtaining effective therapeutics in a timely manner.
T667 3532-3641 Sentence denotes Furthermore, many of the presented therapeutics promote pharmacological effects beyond the antiviral effects.
T668 3642-3760 Sentence denotes Of note are the anti-inflammatory/immune-modulatory effects of selinexor, NSAIDs, VERU-111, leflunomide, and BLD-2660.
T669 3761-3880 Sentence denotes These effects are of enormous significance due to the confirmed excessive inflammation in the severe cases of COVID-19.
T670 3881-4102 Sentence denotes It is worth mentioning here that testing of the described therapeutics in COVID-19 clinical trials is based on either initial clinical observations or reported activity against previous outbreaks of SARS-CoV and MERS-CoV.
T671 4103-4393 Sentence denotes Lastly, although the individual use of the described therapeutics can be beneficial, yet a combination of the above drugs with each other and/or with those that impact the early stage of the viral life cycle will likely lead to a higher success rate in treating the critically ill patients.
T672 4394-4579 Sentence denotes The clinical outcome is likely to be further improved by the addition of immune-therapeutics and anticoagulants to address the issues of cytokine storm and coagulopathies, respectively.
T673 4580-4711 Sentence denotes Based on initial results, remdesivir, favipiravir, EIDD-2801, and selinexor appear to carry the most promising therapeutic effects.
T674 4712-4745 Sentence denotes In fact, on May 1, 2020, the U.S.
T675 4746-4932 Sentence denotes FDA issued an emergency use authorization for remdesivir to be distributed and used by licensed health care providers to treat adults and children hospitalized with severe COVID-19 [25].
T676 4933-5095 Sentence denotes On May 30, 2020, the Russian Health Ministry approved a generic version of favipiravir named avifavir for the treatment of COVID-19 in the hospital settings [10].