Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T593 |
0-5 |
Sentence |
denotes |
4.21. |
T594 |
6-20 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Poly-Alcohols: |
T595 |
21-46 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Resveratrol and Quercetin |
T596 |
47-133 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On the one hand, resveratrol is a natural polyphenolic stilbene derivative (Figure 9). |
T597 |
134-283 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Resveratrol exhibits several biological activities, including antioxidant, antitumor, anti-inflammatory, oxygen scavenging, and antiviral activities. |
T598 |
284-364 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Resveratrol inhibits TNF-induced activation of NF-κB in a dose-dependent manner. |
T599 |
365-434 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, it inhibits cyclooxygenase and hydro-peroxidase enzymes. |
T600 |
435-559 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Not only that but it also inhibits vascular cell adhesion molecule expression and vascular smooth muscle cell proliferation. |
T601 |
560-691 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It also stimulates endothelial nitric oxide synthase activity and inhibits platelet aggregation and LDL peroxidation [276,277,278]. |
T602 |
692-778 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All these effects are expected to help fight COVID-19 infection and its complications. |
T603 |
779-904 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Importantly, resveratrol significantly inhibited MERS-CoV replication in vitro mainly by inhibiting the RNA production [279]. |
T604 |
905-1007 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Resveratrol also inhibited the replication of duck enteritis virus [280] and pseudorabies virus [281]. |
T605 |
1008-1193 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, the safety and efficacy of resveratrol in COVID-19 patients are being tested in a randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled proof-of-concept trial (NCT04400890; n = 200). |
T606 |
1194-1276 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On the other hand, quercetin is a natural penta-hydroxylated flavonoid (Figure 9). |
T607 |
1277-1401 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Similar to resveratrol, quercetin possesses antioxidant, oxygen scavenging, anti-inflammatory, and cardioprotective effects. |
T608 |
1402-1520 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Quercetin also inhibits platelet aggregation and lipid peroxidation and affects the function of several kinases [282]. |
T609 |
1521-1621 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Importantly, quercetin also exhibits a wide spectrum antiviral activity against DNA and RNA viruses. |
T610 |
1622-1701 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For example, quercetin inhibited several respiratory viruses in cultured cells. |
T611 |
1702-1822 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It also inhibited the cytopathic effects of rhinoviruses, echoviruses, coxsackieviruses, and polioviruses [283,284,285]. |
T612 |
1823-1976 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Quercetin also significantly reduced plaque formation by polio virus, herpes simplex virus 1, respiratory syncytial virus, and parainfluenza virus [286]. |
T613 |
1977-2070 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Furthermore, quercetin inhibited the replication of cytomegalovirus and dengue virus 2 [287]. |
T614 |
2071-2238 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The antiviral effects of quercetin are thought to be because it either blocks the virus entry or inhibits the viral replication enzymes, i.e., viral polymerases [288]. |
T615 |
2239-2322 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Other flavonoids have recently been reported as potential inhibitors of Mpro [289]. |
T616 |
2323-2457 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, the effect of quercetin alone as a prophylactic or as a treatment is being tested in COVID-19 patients (NCT04377789; 50). |
T617 |
2458-2540 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It is also being tested with zinc, bromelain, and vitamin C (NCT04468139; n = 60). |