Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T462 |
0-5 |
Sentence |
denotes |
4.11. |
T463 |
6-29 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deferoxamine (Desferal) |
T464 |
30-110 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deferoxamine (Figure S5) is a natural chelating agent from Streptomyces pilosus. |
T465 |
111-144 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It was first approved by the U.S. |
T466 |
145-211 |
Sentence |
denotes |
FDA in 1968 and has been parenterally used to treat iron toxicity. |
T467 |
212-367 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The drug complexes with the ferric ion, primarily in the vascular space, to form ferrioxamine complex that gets subsequently eliminated in urine [201,202]. |
T468 |
368-449 |
Sentence |
denotes |
There are reports about unusually high serum ferritin in COVID-19 patients [203]. |
T469 |
450-600 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A retrospective, multicenter cohort study reported increased levels of serum ferritin in COVID-19 non-survivors compared with COVID-19 survivors [99]. |
T470 |
601-729 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The increase in serum ferritin indicates dysregulated iron homeostasis pertaining to oxidative stress and inflammatory response. |
T471 |
730-920 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Dysregulated iron homeostasis may propagate the viral infections leading to severe respiratory illnesses such as pulmonary fibrosis and acute respiratory distress syndrome [204,205,206,207]. |
T472 |
921-1042 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Accordingly, the use of iron chelators, particularly deferoxamine, in managing/treating COVID-19 has been proposed [208]. |
T473 |
1043-1257 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deferoxamine may exert an antiviral effect by depleting iron availability, which has been shown to play a critical role in the replication of RNA viruses such as HCV, HIV, and West Nile virus [209,210,211,212,213]. |
T474 |
1258-1364 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In addition to its effect on iron level, deferoxamine also appears to have immunomodulatory effects [209]. |
T475 |
1365-1482 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Along these lines, deferoxamine mitigated the symptoms of Enterovirus-infected mice and decreased the mortality rate. |
T476 |
1483-1572 |
Sentence |
denotes |
It also upregulated the B cell levels and improved the neutralizing antibody titer [209]. |
T477 |
1573-1720 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deferoxamine has also been reported to in vitro block endothelial inflammation induced by influenza A infection by inhibiting IL-6 synthesis [214]. |
T478 |
1721-1769 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Deferoxamine may also have antifibrotic effects. |
T479 |
1770-1947 |
Sentence |
denotes |
An intranasal treatment with deferoxamine was reported to prevent pulmonary fibrosis and pulmonary functional decline in bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis animal model [206]. |