| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T26 |
0-204 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Respiratory infections serve as a trigger for disease exacerbation, while exposure to tobacco, biomass smoke, and aging, are the leading causes for COPD-emphysema development and progression [4,31,32,33]. |
| T27 |
205-532 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We and others have demonstrated that autophagy impairment is the key central mechanism for tobacco, biomass smoke or e-cigarette vapor (eCV) exposure and the age-related induction of inflammatory-oxidative stress, alveolar apoptosis and senescence, leading to COPD-emphysema pathogenesis and progression [33,34,35,36,37,38,39]. |
| T28 |
533-737 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, the above-described causative mechanisms also hamper the pathogen clearance, and thus make the individual more prone to acute or recurrent respiratory infections or exacerbations [35,39,40]. |
| T29 |
738-997 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Mechanistically, cigarette smoke (CS)-induced phagocytosis defects involves autophagy impairment, which blunts the clearance and promotes the survival of disease-causing pathogens, thereby facilitating chronic infections or recurrent exacerbations [34,35,36]. |
