LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7561283 / 13908-19713 JSONTXT 10 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE-old TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T119 0-10 Sentence denotes DISCUSSION
T120 11-179 Sentence denotes The result of our analysis reveals that three of the seven ABHRs tested have ethanolic content below the range recommended by regulatory agencies (60 to 95% v/v) (5–7).
T121 180-402 Sentence denotes However, one of these gels, i.e. gel 3, contains, also isopropyl alcohol (Table I) in addition to 52% ethanol; thus, the overall alcoholic content of this product is likely to be within the expected range for disinfection.
T122 403-530 Sentence denotes The EU regulations for biocides (10) require that the concentration of the active (e.g. ethanol) should be stated in the label.
T123 531-768 Sentence denotes Of the two tested biocides, gel 5 has ≈ 66% (w/w) ethanol, against a label claim of 70% (w/w), and gel 2 contained ≈ 64% (w/w) ethanol, against 74% (w/w; with ethanol 96%, corresponding to ≈ 71% with absolute ethanol) of the label claim.
T124 769-903 Sentence denotes Despite some discrepancy with the label claim, both biocides contain alcohol well within the range recommended by the health agencies.
T125 904-1046 Sentence denotes On the other hand, products containing “substandard” (< 60% v/v) concentrations of ethanol, i.e. gels 3, 4 and 6, are all cosmetics (Table I).
T126 1047-1242 Sentence denotes EU regulations on cosmetics require that all ingredients should be reported in the label (11), in descending order of weight, while there is no requirement to report the concentration of alcohol.
T127 1243-1297 Sentence denotes Thus, also gels 3, 4 and 6 comply with EU regulations.
T128 1298-1416 Sentence denotes Such products are, however, cosmetics to be used solely for cleansing purposes and not suitable for hand disinfection.
T129 1417-1621 Sentence denotes A question arises to whether consumers would be able to distinguish between two basically identical hand product types, which are biocidal hand gels and cosmetics hand gels (differing only for the label).
T130 1622-1889 Sentence denotes Most probably many consumers are unable to choose the right product for the right purpose, with high chance that “under-dosed” (i.e. < 60% v/v of ethanol) cosmetic gels are improperly used by individuals who intend to disinfect their hands amid the CoViD-19 pandemic.
T131 1890-2041 Sentence denotes This risk that cosmetic hand sanitisers might be sold and used inappropriately in place of disinfectants is not remote amid the CoViD-19 health crisis.
T132 2042-2263 Sentence denotes Indeed, in April 2020, after witnessing a sharp increase in the submissions to the Cosmetics Product Notification Portal, a clarification for economic operators was deemed “urgently needed” by the European Commission (4).
T133 2264-2406 Sentence denotes The “Guidance on the applicable legislation for leave-on hand cleaners and hand disinfectants (gel, solution, etc.)” was thus promptly issued.
T134 2407-2487 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that none of the ABHRs tested contains any trace of methanol.
T135 2488-2669 Sentence denotes The issue of methanol contamination in ABHRs has been recently raised by the US FDA, which has issued a list of nearly 90 “do-not-use” dangerous hand sanitisers containing methanol.
T136 2670-2744 Sentence denotes Among the tested products, methanol content ranged between 1 and 80% (12).
T137 2745-2970 Sentence denotes Given the stringent safety measures and difficulty in sourcing and handling SARS-CoV-2 virus, the antibacterial test of Fig. 2 aimed to provide some preliminary results on the intrinsic disinfection power of the tested ABHRs.
T138 2971-3079 Sentence denotes It is worth noting that to better discriminate on the antibacterial activity, hand gels were tested diluted.
T139 3080-3224 Sentence denotes In agreement with their high ethanolic content and regulatory classification, both biocides (gels 2 and 5) elicit strong antibacterial activity.
T140 3225-3371 Sentence denotes Among the five cosmetics, the antibacterial activity is variable between products and not always directly related to the concentration of ethanol.
T141 3372-3499 Sentence denotes For example, gel 7, which ranks fourth out of the seven gels in terms of ethanolic content, showed strong antibacterial effect.
T142 3500-3665 Sentence denotes This can possibly be attributed to the presence of other ingredients in the formulations (e.g. preservatives and organic acids) that can have antimicrobial activity.
T143 3666-3839 Sentence denotes For instance, citric acid (present in gel 7) can substantially increase viricidal activity of alcohol-based hand sanitisers (13) and it has also antibacterial activity (14).
T144 3840-3998 Sentence denotes Overall, although ingredients other than alcohol can have an adjuvant antimicrobial effect, safe hand disinfection should rely exclusively on alcohol content.
T145 3999-4109 Sentence denotes Health agencies discourage the use of all products other than those containing at least 60% (v/v) alcohol (5).
T146 4110-4282 Sentence denotes Scientists, as well, suggest not adding bactericidal agents to ABHRs as they do not add clear benefits (15), while some may increase the risk of antibiotic resistance (16).
T147 4283-4520 Sentence denotes If and once virus-like particles of SARS-CoV-2 will be ready available, future experimental work shall focus on the evaluation of the stability of these non-infectious viral mimics upon exposure to biocidal and cosmetics hand sanitisers.
T148 4521-4700 Sentence denotes In conclusion, we propose to answer the provocative question raised in the title of this article, i.e. to whether the hand sanitisers available in the market fulfil quality needs.
T149 4701-4847 Sentence denotes We demonstrated that:The tested products fulfil the regulatory requirements specific to the class to which they belong (i.e. biocide or cosmetic).
T150 4848-5123 Sentence denotes Yet, some cosmetic hand sanitisers, which alcoholic concentration is not stated in the label, contain ethanol (e.g. ≈ 40%) well below the range of concentrations recommended by health agencies for infection prevention, thus following below expected standards of disinfection.
T151 5124-5343 Sentence denotes In the era of the CoViD-19 pandemic, when hand disinfection is deemed as a crucial infection prevention measure (3), having off-the-shelf cosmetic hand gels with sub-disinfecting concentrations of ethanol is concerning.
T152 5344-5486 Sentence denotes How many from the general public are inadvertently using gels containing ≈ 40% ethanol as those tested here, expecting efficient disinfection?
T153 5487-5624 Sentence denotes Such problem could perhaps be mitigated by awareness campaigns, appropriate pharmacists counselling and revisions of current regulations.
T154 5625-5805 Sentence denotes A system could be introduced to require manufacturers of cosmetic ABHRs to add, for example, an extra label which states “not for disinfection” in a large and easily readable size.