LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7543680 / 11293-20441 JSONTXT 9 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T102 0-7 Sentence denotes Results
T103 9-31 Sentence denotes Sample Characteristics
T104 32-118 Sentence denotes About one third of the respondents had a low, intermediate, or high educational level.
T105 119-158 Sentence denotes Nearly half of the sample were females.
T106 159-254 Sentence denotes Age groups were fairly similarly spread across the sample, varying from 5 to 11% per age group.
T107 255-366 Sentence denotes The major exception was the age group from 51 to 60 years, which accounted for about one quarter of the sample.
T108 367-497 Sentence denotes 42.9% were married or living in partnership, 33.7% were unmarried, 12.9% were divorced, and 10.6% of the respondents were widowed.
T109 498-530 Sentence denotes On average, 1.9 persons (median:
T110 531-555 Sentence denotes 2) lived in a household.
T111 557-620 Sentence denotes Measures Undertaken in Germany Related to the COVID-19 Outbreak
T112 621-896 Sentence denotes To put the results regarding individual behavior and how people change the organization of their daily live into a broader context, measures related to the COVID-19 outbreak undertaken in Germany in the time before and during the survey are described in Figure 1 and Table 1.
T113 897-1080 Sentence denotes Prior to the phase of data collection, two social distancing measures, three public health measures, two movement restriction measures, and two socio-economic measures were conducted.
T114 1081-1253 Sentence denotes On the day where data collection started (16th March), five further measures were undertaken, while seven more measures were conducted during the period of data collection.
T115 1254-1391 Sentence denotes Mandatory face mask wearing in public transport, during shopping, or at weekday markets were introduced after the data collection period.
T116 1393-1412 Sentence denotes Protective Behavior
T117 1413-1474 Sentence denotes Table 2 gives an overview of measures of protective behavior.
T118 1475-1626 Sentence denotes About 88% of the respondents washed their hands more often and longer, while about 82% avoided (busy) places or reduced personal meetings and contacts.
T119 1627-1719 Sentence denotes Another behavior that most respondents changed was keeping distance to other people (78.5%).
T120 1720-1763 Sentence denotes These were the measures applied most often.
T121 1764-1865 Sentence denotes Disinfectants were used by 58% of the sample, while about 39% adapted their school or work situation.
T122 1866-1977 Sentence denotes Only 10% self-quarantined themselves although having no symptoms, 3% wore face masks and 2.3% took no measures.
T123 1978-2085 Sentence denotes Table 2 Percentage of protective behavior practiced by respondents (N = 3,186, multiple answers possible).
T124 2086-2123 Sentence denotes Protective behavior Answer “Yes,” %
T125 2124-2169 Sentence denotes I washed my hands more often and longer 88.2
T126 2170-2212 Sentence denotes I have avoided certain (busy) places 82.3
T127 2213-2264 Sentence denotes I have reduced personal meetings and contacts 81.8
T128 2265-2324 Sentence denotes I have kept distance to other people (at least 1.5 m) 78.5
T129 2325-2350 Sentence denotes I used disinfectant 58.0
T130 2351-2399 Sentence denotes I have adapted my school or work situation 39.4
T131 2400-2460 Sentence denotes I have quarantined myself, although I have no symptoms 10.1
T132 2461-2490 Sentence denotes I was wearing face masks 3.0
T133 2491-2531 Sentence denotes I have taken none of these measures 2.3
T134 2533-2593 Sentence denotes Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Protective Behavior
T135 2594-2676 Sentence denotes The results from the multiple logistic regression models are presented in Table 3.
T136 2677-3058 Sentence denotes Compared to individuals with a high education, lower educated persons are less likely to avoid (busy) places (OR = 0.63; 95%CI = 0.48–0.83), to adapt their work situation (OR = 0.66; 95%CI = 0.52–0.82), to increase hand hygiene (OR = 0.53; 95%CI = 0.38–0.73), keep their distance to other people (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.55–0.93), or reduce personal meetings and contacts (OR = 0.57).
T137 3059-3196 Sentence denotes There is no clear association between lower education and self-quarantining without symptoms, using disinfectants, or wearing face masks.
T138 3197-3336 Sentence denotes Table 3 Results from the nine multiple logistic regression models on the association of socio-demographic factors and protective behavior.
T139 3337-3473 Sentence denotes Predictors I have avoided certain (busy) places I have adapted my school or work situation I washed my hands more often and longer
T140 3474-3528 Sentence denotes OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p
T141 3529-3620 Sentence denotes (Intercept) 6.52 3.42–12.56 <0.001 4.42 2.62–7.52 <0.001 6.64 3.09–14.41 <0.001
T142 3621-3713 Sentence denotes Education (low) 0.63 0.48–0.83 0.001 0.66 0.52–0.82 <0.001 0.53 0.38–0.73 <0.001
T143 3714-3806 Sentence denotes Education (middle) 0.85 0.65–1.10 0.212 0.70 0.57–0.86 0.001 0.71 0.52–0.96 0.027
T144 3807-3896 Sentence denotes Female gender 1.47 1.21–1.80 <0.001 0.86 0.73–1.01 0.059 2.13 1.67–2.73 <0.001
T145 3897-3974 Sentence denotes Age 1.03 0.98–1.09 0.190 0.79 0.75–0.82 <0.001 1.05 0.99–1.12 0.105
T146 3975-4071 Sentence denotes Partnership: single 0.48 0.35–0.65 <0.001 0.67 0.52–0.86 0.002 0.50 0.34–0.72 <0.001
T147 4072-4166 Sentence denotes Partnership: divorced 1.00 0.70–1.44 0.981 1.30 1.00–1.69 0.051 0.52 0.36–0.77 0.001
T148 4167-4259 Sentence denotes Partnership: widowed 0.93 0.63–1.38 0.698 0.81 0.59–1.09 0.165 1.08 0.65–1.86 0.774
T149 4260-4349 Sentence denotes Size of household 0.88 0.75–1.04 0.122 1.02 0.89–1.17 0.740 1.10 0.90–1.34 0.361
T150 4350-4495 Sentence denotes Predictors I have kept distance to other people (at least 1.5 m) I have quarantined myself, although I have no symptoms I used disinfectant
T151 4496-4550 Sentence denotes OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p
T152 4551-4637 Sentence denotes (Intercept) 2.05 1.13–3.72 0.018 0.16 0.07–0.36 <0.001 1.37 0.82–2.29 0.226
T153 4638-4726 Sentence denotes Education (low) 0.71 0.55–0.93 0.013 1.13 0.80–1.59 0.485 1.12 0.90–1.39 0.313
T154 4727-4819 Sentence denotes Education (middle) 0.64 0.51–0.81 <0.001 0.78 0.56–1.08 0.133 1.16 0.96–1.42 0.132
T155 4820-4909 Sentence denotes Female gender 1.58 1.31–1.90 <0.001 1.24 0.97–1.60 0.092 1.40 1.20–1.63 <0.001
T156 4910-4990 Sentence denotes Age 1.13 1.07–1.18 <0.001 0.91 0.85–0.97 0.004 0.92 0.88–0.96 <0.001
T157 4991-5083 Sentence denotes Partnership: single 0.63 0.47–0.85 0.002 1.30 0.88–1.93 0.195 0.89 0.70–1.14 0.356
T158 5084-5180 Sentence denotes Partnership: divorced 0.70 0.52–0.97 0.028 2.10 1.41–3.09 <0.001 0.90 0.70–1.17 0.431
T159 5181-5275 Sentence denotes Partnership: widowed 0.54 0.39–0.76 <0.001 1.56 0.97–2.44 0.059 0.79 0.60–1.03 0.078
T160 5276-5366 Sentence denotes Size of household 1.08 0.93–1.26 0.307 0.94 0.76–1.15 0.529 1.22 1.07–1.39 0.003
T161 5367-5490 Sentence denotes Predictors I have reduced personal meetings and contacts I was wearing face masks I have taken none of these measures
T162 5491-5545 Sentence denotes OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p OR 95% CI p
T163 5546-5631 Sentence denotes (Intercept) 1.76 0.94–3.31 0.078 0.02 0.00–0.10 <0.001 0.02 0.00–0.12 <0.001
T164 5632-5722 Sentence denotes Education (low) 0.57 0.43–0.75 <0.001 1.28 0.67–2.47 0.459 2.03 1.03–4.08 0.044
T165 5723-5814 Sentence denotes Education (middle) 0.75 0.58–0.97 0.027 1.41 0.79–2.58 0.256 0.77 0.35–1.65 0.511
T166 5815-5903 Sentence denotes Female gender 1.70 1.40–2.08 <0.001 1.01 0.65–1.57 0.950 0.49 0.28–0.83 0.010
T167 5904-5981 Sentence denotes Age 1.15 1.09–1.21 <0.001 1.03 0.92–1.16 0.621 0.97 0.85–1.10 0.624
T168 5982-6073 Sentence denotes Partnership: single 0.78 0.58–1.06 0.118 0.66 0.31–1.38 0.278 1.14 0.51–2.50 0.742
T169 6074-6168 Sentence denotes Partnership: divorced 0.71 0.52–0.99 0.040 1.37 0.71–2.54 0.332 0.96 0.36–2.25 0.933
T170 6169-6261 Sentence denotes Partnership: widowed 0.89 0.60–1.33 0.544 0.48 0.17–1.14 0.125 1.15 0.40–2.82 0.777
T171 6262-6351 Sentence denotes Size of household 1.15 0.98–1.35 0.092 1.01 0.68–1.48 0.958 1.12 0.74–1.70 0.585
T172 6352-6438 Sentence denotes Shown are odds ratios (OR), 95% confidence intervals (CI) and p-value (p) (N = 3,186).
T173 6439-6479 Sentence denotes Significant p-values (p < 0.05) in bold.
T174 6480-6815 Sentence denotes Female participants are more likely to avoid (busy) places (OR = 1.47; 95%CI = 1.21–1.80), increase hand hygiene (OR = 2.13; 95%CI = 1.67–2.73), keep their distance to other people (OR = 1.58; 95%CI = 1.31–1.90), use disinfectants (OR = 1.40; 95%CI = 1.20–1.63), or reduce personal meetings and contacts (OR = 1.70; 95%CI = 1.40–2.08).
T175 6816-7038 Sentence denotes Compared to male participants, female respondents are less likely to adapt their work situation (OR = 0.86; 95%CI = 0.73–1.01) and more likely to self-quarantine (although having no symptoms, OR = 1.24; 95%CI = 0.97–1.60).
T176 7039-7139 Sentence denotes However, evidence for these associations is less pronounced due to missing statistical significance.
T177 7140-7223 Sentence denotes Age shows inconsistent patterns across the nine different behavior change outcomes.
T178 7224-7428 Sentence denotes Older persons are less likely to have adapted their work situation (OR = 0.79; 95%CI = 0.75–0.82), to self-quarantine (OR = 0.91; 95%CI = 0.85–0.97) or to use disinfectants (OR = 0.92; 95%CI = 0.88–0.96).
T179 7429-7628 Sentence denotes Probability of behavior change increased with older age for keeping distance to other people (OR = 1.13; 95%CI = 1.07–1.18) and reducing personal meetings and contacts (OR = 1.15; 95%CI = 1.09–1.21).
T180 7629-7757 Sentence denotes No clear associations were found related to the measures avoiding (busy) places, increased hand hygiene, and wearing face masks.
T181 7758-7951 Sentence denotes Compared to persons living in partnership, single persons were less likely to avoid (busy) places (OR = 0.48; 95%CI = 0.35–0.65) or to adapt their work situation (OR = 0.67; 95%CI = 0.52–0.86).
T182 7952-8191 Sentence denotes The odds for both single and divorced persons were lower for hand hygiene (OR = 0.50; 95%CI = 0.34–0.72 and OR = 0.52; 95%CI = 0.36–0.77) and to keep distance to other people (OR = 0.63; 95%CI = 0.47–0.85 and OR = 0.70; 95%CI = 0.52–0.97).
T183 8192-8393 Sentence denotes Divorced persons were more likely to self-quarantine although not having symptoms (OR = 2.10; 95%CI = 1.41–3.09) and less likely to reduce personal contacts and meetings (OR = 0.71; 95%CI = 0.52–0.99).
T184 8394-8492 Sentence denotes For most behavioral change outcomes, we found no clear association with the size of the household.
T185 8493-8602 Sentence denotes The only statistically significant relation was found for using disinfectants (OR = 1.22; 95%CI = 1.07–1.39).
T186 8604-8674 Sentence denotes Sociodemographic Factors Associated With Taking no Protective Behavior
T187 8675-8782 Sentence denotes Lower education is associated with higher odds of taking no measures at all (OR = 2.03; 95%CI = 1.03–4.08).
T188 8783-8922 Sentence denotes The odds of taking no measure at all are considerably lower for female persons (OR = 0.49; 95%CI = 0.28–0.83), as compared to male persons.
T189 8923-9055 Sentence denotes We found no clear evidence in our data for or against taking no measures regarding participants' age (OR = 0.97; 95%CI = 0.85–1.10).
T190 9056-9148 Sentence denotes The same holds true for the different types of partnership status as well as household size.