LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7534795 / 94517-98717 JSONTXT 11 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T606 0-63 Sentence denotes 8.3 Direct and indirect effects of n-3 PUFAs on the viral load
T607 64-342 Sentence denotes Although EPA and DHA have been widely used to ameliorate chronic inflammatory diseases their effect on viral infections remains limited (Das, 2018; Husson et al., 2016; Ingram, Eaton, Erdos, Tedder, & Vreeland, 1982; Juers, Rogers, McCurdy, & Cook, 1976; Territo & Golde, 1979).
T608 343-722 Sentence denotes Some evidence indicates EPA, DHA and other dietary unsaturated fatty acids can inactivate viruses by directly causing leakage or lysis of the viral envelopes, which will disrupt the membrane integrity or activate the humoral immune system to produce antibodies against these pathogens (Das, 2018, Das, 2020a; Hilmarsson, Larusson, & Thormar, 2006; Kohn, Gitelman, & Inbar, 1980).
T609 723-950 Sentence denotes Morita et al. demonstrated n-3 PUFA-derived lipid mediator, protectin D1, exhibits antiviral activity, markedly attenuates influenza A virus replication and improves survival in severe influenza infection in male C57Bl/6J mice.
T610 951-1126 Sentence denotes This study highlighted the importance of the endogenous protectin D1 as an innate suppressor of influenza virus replication attenuating lethal infection (Morita et al., 2013).
T611 1127-1274 Sentence denotes In another study, Ramon et al. evaluated the ability of 17-HDHA, a SPM derived from DHA, for improving the immune response to H1N1 influenza virus.
T612 1275-1551 Sentence denotes The results showed 17-HDHA was able to enhance the humoral immunity against viruses by increasing the number of antibody-secreting cells and the levels of H1N1 antibodies, which resulted in greater protection against live H1N1 influenza infection in mice (Ramon et al., 2014).
T613 1552-1983 Sentence denotes More recently, Braz-De-Melo highlighted the beneficial effects of n-3 PUFAs against viral infections by showing that DHA pre-treatment to neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells infected with Zika virus increased their viability and proliferation, restored mitochondrial function, reduced viral load and triggered an anti-inflammatory response identifying n-3 PUFAs as useful therapeutic tools in combating viruses (Braz-De-Melo et al., 2019).
T614 1984-2186 Sentence denotes Additionally, Yan et al. has shown that EPA and DHA can inhibit the replication of both enterovirus A71 and coxsackievirus A16 the most common causes of hand, foot, and mouth disease (Yan et al., 2019).
T615 2187-2415 Sentence denotes Collectively, we can conclude that n-3 PUFAs have the capability to attenuate viral infections via both direct effects on membrane integrity and indirect mechanisms activating the humoral response to decrease overall viral load.
T616 2416-2592 Sentence denotes In contrast, the immunosuppressive effects of EPA and DHA supplementation can decrease the immune response against viral infections and thus compromising removal from the body.
T617 2593-2772 Sentence denotes C57BL/6J mice supplemented with fish oil and infected with H1N1 influenza virus showed a 40% higher mortality rate and 70% higher viral load compared to the corresponding control.
T618 2773-2973 Sentence denotes Moreover, the treated mice had markedly reduced numbers of CD8+ T lymphocytes and reduced mRNA expression of inflammatory mediators IL-6 and TNF-α (Schwerbrock, Karlsson, Shi, Sheridan, & Beck, 2009).
T619 2974-3234 Sentence denotes Similarly, BALB/c mice fed a high-fat diet rich in EPA and DHA had reduced levels of IFN-γ, serum immunoglobulin G and lung immunoglobulin A-specific antibodies following infection with the influenza virus, indicating a virus-specific lung T cell cytotoxicity.
T620 3235-3364 Sentence denotes These results suggested supplementation with a diet rich in EPA and DHA could impair immune response by delaying virus clearance.
T621 3365-3694 Sentence denotes However, differences noticed during the course of infection did not affect the ultimate outcome as n-3 PUFA-fed mice were finally able to clear the virus and returned to pre-infection food consumption and body weight similar to the control group (Byleveld, Pang, Clancy, & Roberts, 1999; Byleveld, Pang, Clancy, & Roberts, 2000).
T622 3695-3883 Sentence denotes Importantly, other factors contribute to these opposite results, for example, an initial weight loss is typically observed when mice are supplemented with fish oil (Byleveld et al., 1999).
T623 3884-4048 Sentence denotes In addition, thoroughly controlled animal studies have not been conducted with the SARS-CoV-2 virus and significant variations between viruses should be considered.
T624 4049-4200 Sentence denotes Therefore, further research is needed to understand the role of EPA and DHA in the immune response related specifically to SARS-CoV-2 viral infections.