LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7534795 / 35319-46304 JSONTXT 11 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T246 0-194 Sentence denotes Collectively, these effects can all result in the aggravation of existing CVDs and trigger severe events, such as acute coronary syndromes, thrombosis, myocardial ischemia or exacerbation of HF.
T247 195-391 Sentence denotes Indeed, cardiovascular protective strategies are needed for the prevention and management of severe adverse cardiovascular events to improve the prognosis of COVID-19 patients (Table 5, Table 6 ).
T248 392-503 Sentence denotes Table 5 Overview of proposed pharmacological approaches to attenuate COVID-19 associated cardiovascular injury.
T249 504-610 Sentence denotes Pharmacological intervention Sample size and criteria Treatment protocol Key findings Conclusion Reference
T250 611-762 Sentence denotes • Colchicine for the improvement of cardiac biomarkers, inflammation, and clinical outcomes • Prospective, open-label randomized controlled trial (RCT)
T251 763-799 Sentence denotes • N = 55 colchicine + standard care
T252 800-823 Sentence denotes • N = 50 standard care
T253 824-1185 Sentence denotes • Primary endpoints included maximum cardiac troponin level, time for C-reactive protein (CRP) to reach 3× upper limit normal, time to deterioration by at least 2 points on clinical status scale • Colchicine 1.5 mg loading dose, 0.5 mg after 60 min, and then 0.5 mg twice daily + standard care for up to 3 weeks • No difference in cardiac troponin or CRP levels
T254 1186-1287 Sentence denotes • Clinical deterioration less common with colchicine treatment odd ratio (OR) 0.11 (95% CI 0.01–0.96)
T255 1288-1598 Sentence denotes • Abdominal pain and diarrhea significantly more common with colchicine treatment • Colchicine may not have a significant effect on cardiac or inflammatory biomarkers, however it may be useful in stabilizing patients with severe COVID-19 infection and preventing clinical deterioration (Deftereos et al., 2020)
T256 1599-1693 Sentence denotes • Statin therapy and impact on inflammation and patient prognosis • Retrospective cohort study
T257 1694-1742 Sentence denotes • Primary endpoint of 28-day all-cause mortality
T258 1743-1793 Sentence denotes • Secondary endpoint included acute cardiac injury
T259 1794-1816 Sentence denotes • N = 1219 statin use
T260 1817-1866 Sentence denotes • N = 12, 762 no statin • In-hospital statin use
T261 1867-1888 Sentence denotes • Atorvastatin 83.2%,
T262 1889-1909 Sentence denotes • Rosuvastatin 15.6%
T263 1910-2120 Sentence denotes • Dose differences between statins were converted to a daily equivalent dose of atorvastatin ranging from 18.9–20.0 mg/day • Reduced all-cause mortality with statin use hazard ratio (HR) 0.63 (95% CI 0.48–0.84)
T264 2121-2231 Sentence denotes • Patients on ACEi/ARB therapy in addition to statin did not have increased mortality compared to statin alone
T265 2232-2289 Sentence denotes • Statin therapy not associated with acute cardiac injury
T266 2290-2570 Sentence denotes • Inflammatory markers CRP, IL-6 were lower in statin treated patients while in hospital • Reduced mortality and improved prognosis associated with in-hospital statin use may be due to the anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory effects of statins (Zhang, Qin, Cheng, et al., 2020)
T267 2571-2695 Sentence denotes • ACEi/ARB impact on mortality in COVID-19 patients with concomitant hypertension • Retrospective, multi-centre cohort study
T268 2696-2760 Sentence denotes • Patients with comorbid hypertension hospitalized with COVID-19
T269 2761-2781 Sentence denotes • Age 18 to 74 years
T270 2782-2830 Sentence denotes • Primary endpoint of 28-day all-cause mortality
T271 2831-2858 Sentence denotes • N = 188 ACEi/ARB therapy
T272 2859-2922 Sentence denotes • N = 940 no ACEi/ARB • ACEi/ARB for treatment of hypertension
T273 2923-3063 Sentence denotes • individual patient dosing regimens not specified • Risk of all-cause mortality lower in ACEi/ARB treated group HR 0.42 (95% CI 0.19–0.92).
T274 3064-3196 Sentence denotes • Use of ACEi/ARB in comparison to other anti-hypertension therapies was associated with lower mortality HR 0.30 (95% CI 0.12–0.70).
T275 3197-3334 Sentence denotes • No difference in acute cardiac injury outcome between groups • Chronic ACEi/ARB therapy may not increase mortality of COVID-19 patients
T276 3335-3445 Sentence denotes • May not have much benefit in acute heart injury due to COVID-19 inflammation (Zhang, Zhu, Cai, et al., 2020)
T277 3446-3552 Sentence denotes • Statin use impact on acute myocardial injury patient outcomes • Retrospective observational cohort study
T278 3553-3586 Sentence denotes • Patients with elevated troponin
T279 3587-3622 Sentence denotes • History of CVD in 24% of patients
T280 3623-3634 Sentence denotes • N = 3069
T281 3635-3736 Sentence denotes • Objective to characterize myocardial injury and associated outcomes • 36% of patients using statins
T282 3737-4006 Sentence denotes • Doses and regimens not specified • Statin use amongst patients with acute myocardial injury was associated with improved survival HR 0.57 (95% CI 0.47–0.69) • Statin treatment may be associated with a survival benefit in patients with CVD and elevated troponin levels
T283 4007-4115 Sentence denotes • Exact beneficial mechanism(s) associated with statins in COVID-19 remain to be studied (Lala et al., 2020)
T284 4116-4277 Sentence denotes Table 6 Summary of the ongoing trials investigating pharmacological agents targeting a cytokine storm and acute cardiac injury secondary to SARS-CoV-2 infection.
T285 4278-4360 Sentence denotes Pharmacological intervention Sample size and criteria Treatment protocol Reference
T286 4361-4377 Sentence denotes • TACTIC-E Trial
T287 4378-4432 Sentence denotes • Immunomodulatory agents • Multi-arm randomized trial
T288 4433-4482 Sentence denotes • Pre-intensive care unit (ICU) COVID-19 patients
T289 4483-4564 Sentence denotes • Immunomodulatory drug EDP1815 vs. dapagliflozin + ambrisentan vs. standard care
T290 4565-4701 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome includes need for cardiovascular organ support • EDP1815 as 2 capsules twice daily (1.6 × 1011 cells) for up to 7 days
T291 4702-4773 Sentence denotes • Dapagliflozin 10 mg + ambrisentan 5 mg once daily (NCT04393246, 2020)
T292 4774-4927 Sentence denotes • High dose IV Vitamin C to ameliorate cytokine storm and associated organ dysfunction • Prospective placebo controlled randomized controlled trial (RCT)
T293 4928-4938 Sentence denotes • N = 308
T294 4939-4984 Sentence denotes • High dose i.v. vitamin C (HIVC) vs. placebo
T295 4985-5182 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of ventilator-free days • 12 g/50 ml vitamin C infusion 12 ml/h twice daily for 7 days vs. 50 ml sterile water for injection infused at 12 ml/h (Liu, Zhu, Zhang, Li, & Peng, 2020)
T296 5183-5237 Sentence denotes • TOC-COVID Trial • Prospective placebo controlled RCT
T297 5238-5280 Sentence denotes • N = 100 tocilizumab + standard treatment
T298 5281-5320 Sentence denotes • N = 100 placebo + standard treatment
T299 5321-5426 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of ventilation-free days • Tocilizumab 8 mg/kg single i.v. dose (Rilinger et al., 2020)
T300 5427-5443 Sentence denotes • TACTIC-R Trial
T301 5444-5514 Sentence denotes • Immunomodulatory agents • Randomized parallel 3-arm open label trial
T302 5515-5537 Sentence denotes • N = 125 Baricitinib
T303 5538-5560 Sentence denotes • N = 125 Ravulizumab
T304 5561-5587 Sentence denotes • N = 125 standard of care
T305 5588-5702 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome includes need for cardiovascular organ support • Baricitinib 4 mg orally once daily on days 1–14
T306 5703-5778 Sentence denotes • Ravulizumab single i.v. weight-based dose regimen (Kulkarni et al., 2020)
T307 5779-5795 Sentence denotes • CytoResc Trial
T308 5796-5882 Sentence denotes • Cytokine storm in hyperinflammation and shock • Prospective, open-label, pilot study
T309 5883-5958 Sentence denotes • ‘CytoSorb’ polystyrene-based hemoadsorber to adsorb circulating cytokines
T310 5959-5982 Sentence denotes • N = 40–50 ‘CytoSorb’
T311 5983-6008 Sentence denotes • N = 40–50 standard care
T312 6009-6163 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome is time to resolution of vasoplegic shock • ‘CytoSorb’ therapy administered via a shaldon catheter for 3–7 days (Stockmann et al., 2020)
T313 6164-6218 Sentence denotes • MelCOVID Trial • Double blind placebo controlled RCT
T314 6219-6242 Sentence denotes • ICU COVID-19 patients
T315 6243-6280 Sentence denotes • N = 12 melatonin + standard of care
T316 6281-6321 Sentence denotes • N = 6 placebo control + standard care
T317 6322-6425 Sentence denotes • Secondary outcome includes CRP, IL-6 levels • Melatonin 5 mg/kg/day i.v. divided every 6 h for 7 days
T318 6426-6520 Sentence denotes • Placebo dose of 5 mg/kg/day i.v. divided every 6 h for 7 days (Rodriguez-Rubio et al., 2020)
T319 6521-6610 Sentence denotes • Siltuximab for patients diagnosed with severe respiratory complications due to COVID-19
T320 6611-6694 Sentence denotes • Anti-IL-6 mitigation of cytokine storm • Observational retrospective cohort study
T321 6695-6765 Sentence denotes • Cohort A: continuous positive airway pressure followed by siltuximab
T322 6766-6811 Sentence denotes • Cohort B: intubation followed by siltuximab
T323 6812-6892 Sentence denotes • Control group receiving continuous positive airway pressure or intubation only
T324 6893-6903 Sentence denotes • N = 220
T325 6904-6999 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of mortality over 30 days • Detailed siltuximab dosing regimen not specified.
T326 7000-7055 Sentence denotes • Treatment procedure was based on clinicians judgement
T327 7056-7086 Sentence denotes • Study completed May 8, 2020.
T328 7087-7122 Sentence denotes Results pending (NCT04322188, 2020)
T329 7123-7138 Sentence denotes • COV-AID Trial
T330 7139-7216 Sentence denotes • Use of anti-interleukin agents for cytokine storm • Phase 3 prospective RCT
T331 7217-7256 Sentence denotes • Patients with signs of cytokine storm
T332 7257-7301 Sentence denotes • N = 38 Anakinra alone (anti-IL-1 receptor)
T333 7302-7340 Sentence denotes • N = 76 Siltuximab alone (anti-IL-6)
T334 7341-7372 Sentence denotes • N = 38 Anakinra + siltuximab
T335 7373-7420 Sentence denotes • N = 76 Tocilizumab alone (anti-IL-6 receptor)
T336 7421-7452 Sentence denotes • N = 38 Anakinra + tocilizumab
T337 7453-7481 Sentence denotes • N = 76 standard care alone
T338 7482-7572 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome as time to clinical improvement • Anakinra 100 mg s.c. daily for 28 days
T339 7573-7615 Sentence denotes • Siltuximab single i.v. infusion 11 mg/kg
T340 7616-7689 Sentence denotes • Tocilizumab single i.v. infusion 8 mg/kg max 800 mg (Maes et al., 2020)
T341 7690-7738 Sentence denotes • Sarilumab for hospitalized COVID-19 infections
T342 7739-7780 Sentence denotes • Cytokine storm syndrome • Phase 2/3 RCT
T343 7781-7791 Sentence denotes • Phase 2:
T344 7792-7869 Sentence denotes Sarilumab in hospitalized patients regardless of disease severity vs. placebo
T345 7870-7955 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of % change in CRP in patients with serum IL-6 > upper limit normal
T346 7956-7975 Sentence denotes • Phase 3 Cohort 1:
T347 7976-8065 Sentence denotes Sarilumab in hospitalized critical infection receiving mechanical ventilation vs. placebo
T348 8066-8077 Sentence denotes • Cohort 2:
T349 8078-8158 Sentence denotes Sarilumab in hospitalized infection receiving mechanical ventilation vs. placebo
T350 8159-8170 Sentence denotes • N = 1912
T351 8171-8257 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of at least 1 point improvement on 7 point clinical scale • Phase 2:
T352 8258-8281 Sentence denotes Low dose sarilumab i.v.
T353 8282-8292 Sentence denotes • Phase 2:
T354 8293-8316 Sentence denotes Mid-dose sarilumab i.v.
T355 8317-8336 Sentence denotes • Phase 3 Cohort 1:
T356 8337-8360 Sentence denotes Low dose sarilumab i.v.
T357 8361-8380 Sentence denotes • Phase 3 Cohort 1:
T358 8381-8404 Sentence denotes Mid-dose sarilumab i.v.
T359 8405-8424 Sentence denotes • Phase 3 Cohort 2:
T360 8425-8449 Sentence denotes High dose sarilumab i.v.
T361 8450-8519 Sentence denotes • Placebo given to match sarilumab administration (NCT04315298, 2020)
T362 8520-8541 Sentence denotes • CORIMUNO-SARI Trial
T363 8542-8596 Sentence denotes • Sarilumab to mitigate enhanced IL-6 signalling • RCT
T364 8597-8647 Sentence denotes • Moderate, severe, or critical COVID-19 pneumonia
T365 8648-8680 Sentence denotes • Sarilumab vs. standard of care
T366 8681-8769 Sentence denotes • N = 239 • Sarilumab 400 mg single i.v. infusion over 1 h on day 1 (NCT04324073, 2020)
T367 8770-8849 Sentence denotes • Barcitinib for hospitalized COVID-19 patients • Non-randomized clinical trial
T368 8850-8912 Sentence denotes • Any adult patient hospitalized with moderate/severe COVID-19
T369 8913-8965 Sentence denotes • Barcitinib + standard care vs. standard care alone
T370 8966-9079 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of clinical status after 15 days • Barcitinib 2 mg orally daily for 10 days (NCT04321993, 2020)
T371 9080-9129 Sentence denotes • RUXCOVID Trial • Phase 3 placebo-controlled RCT
T372 9130-9169 Sentence denotes • Patients age ≥ 12 with cytokine storm
T373 9170-9227 Sentence denotes • Ruxolitinib + standard care vs. placebo + standard care
T374 9228-9262 Sentence denotes • N = 402 randomized in 2:1 ratio
T375 9263-9333 Sentence denotes • treatment: placebo • Ruxolitinib 5 mg orally twice daily for 14 days
T376 9334-9387 Sentence denotes • May extend treatment to 28 days (NCT04362137, 2020)
T377 9388-9456 Sentence denotes • Losartan (ARB) in patients hospitalized for COVID-19 • Phase 2 RCT
T378 9457-9495 Sentence denotes • Losartan vs. placebo + standard care
T379 9496-9506 Sentence denotes • N = 200
T380 9507-9631 Sentence denotes • Secondary outcome includes cardiovascular organ failure/dysfunction • Losartan 50 mg orally once daily (NCT04312009, 2020)
T381 9632-9717 Sentence denotes • Losartan (ARB) in patients not requiring hospitalization for COVID-19 • Phase 2 RCT
T382 9718-9756 Sentence denotes • Losartan vs. placebo + standard care
T383 9757-9767 Sentence denotes • N = 500
T384 9768-9905 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of patients admitted to hospital within 15 days of randomization • Losartan 25 mg orally once daily (NCT04311177, 2020)
T385 9906-10017 Sentence denotes • Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) free fatty acid for hospitalized COVID-19 patients • Phase 3 interventional trial
T386 10018-10082 Sentence denotes • Treatment with EPA gastro-resistant capsules vs. standard care
T387 10083-10108 Sentence denotes • 28-day treatment period
T388 10109-10227 Sentence denotes • Primary outcome of time to treatment failure i.e. need for additional therapy, intubation, transfer to ICU, or death
T389 10228-10405 Sentence denotes • Secondary outcome includes reduction of IL-6 levels • Eicosapentaenoic acid free fatty acid (EPA-FFA) 1 g gastro-resistant capsules twice daily (2 g total) (NCT04335032, 2020)
T390 10406-10423 Sentence denotes • COLCORONA Trial
T391 10424-10544 Sentence denotes • Colchicine and inflammatory cytokine storm • Phase 3 multi-centre placebo-controlled randomized controlled trial (RCT)
T392 10545-10568 Sentence denotes • Age 40 years or older
T393 10569-10710 Sentence denotes • Patients must have at least one high-risk factor i.e. uncontrolled hypertension, HF, coronary artery disease (CAD), diabetes, obesity, etc.
T394 10711-10735 Sentence denotes • Colchicine vs. placebo
T395 10736-10754 Sentence denotes • 30-day treatment
T396 10755-10766 Sentence denotes • N = 6000
T397 10767-10918 Sentence denotes • Primary composite endpoint of need for hospitalization or death • Colchicine 0.5 mg orally twice daily for 3 days, then 0.5 mg once daily for 27 days
T398 10919-10985 Sentence denotes • Placebo will match colchicine administration (NCT04322682, 2020)