| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T792 |
95-385 |
Sentence |
denotes |
After 14 days of Tat induction, there was a significant increase in the 10 kDa (Cascade Blue®) tracer leakage into the brain in Tat + placebo as compared to Tat − placebo mice (*p < 0.05) and in Tat − mouse brains upon exposure to morphine as compared to Tat − placebo mice (*p < 0.05) (a). |
| T793 |
386-734 |
Sentence |
denotes |
There was a significant main effect of morphine, resulting in reduced integrity of the BBB and increased leakage of the higher molecular weight (40 kDa and 70 kDa) tracers in morphine-exposed groups as compared to the those groups (Tat + and Tat − together) not exposed to morphine (placebo) (#p < 0.05; significant main effect of morphine) (b, c). |
| T794 |
735-894 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Data represent the fold change in mean fluorescence intensity ± SEM; n = 8 Tat−/placebo, n = 6 Tat+/placebo, n = 9 Tat−/morphine, and n = 7 Tat+/morphine mice. |
| T795 |
895-1070 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, morphine exposure increased horseradish peroxidase (HRP) extravasation from the vasculature into the perivascular space and/or parenchyma in the striatum (d, e). |
| T796 |
1071-1308 |
Sentence |
denotes |
HRP antigenicity was detected by indirect immunofluorescence (red) in tissue sections counterstained with Hoechst 33342 (blue) to reveal cell nuclei and visualized by differential interference contrast (DIC)-enhanced confocal microscopy. |
| T797 |
1309-1470 |
Sentence |
denotes |
HRP extravasation into the striatal perivascular space/parenchyma was especially prevalent in morphine-exposed mice (arrowheads; left-hand panels in e versus d). |
| T798 |
1471-1741 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The dotted lines (············) indicate the approximate edge of the capillaries/post-capillary venules; while intermittent dotted lines (· · · · · · ·) indicate the approximate edge of a partly sectioned blood vessel that appears partially outside the plane of section. |
| T799 |
1742-1809 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The asterisks (*) indicate white matter tracts within the striatum. |
| T800 |
1810-1861 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Representative samples from ≥ n = 4 mice per group. |
| T801 |
1862-1900 |
Sentence |
denotes |
All images are the same magnification. |
| T802 |
1901-1919 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Scale bar = 10 μm. |
| T803 |
1920-1977 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Antiretroviral tissue-to-plasma ratios in striatum (f–g). |
| T804 |
1978-2196 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Irrespective of Tat exposure, morphine significantly reduced the levels of dolutegravir (f) and abacavir (g), but not lamivudine (h), within the striatum, as compared to placebo. (* p < 0.05; main effect for morphine). |
| T805 |
2197-2422 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Data represent the tissue-to-plasma ratios ± SEM sampled from n = 9 Tat−/placebo, n = 9 Tat+/placebo, n = 6 Tat−/morphine, and n = 8 Tat+/morphine mice. (a–h) Modified and reprinted with permission from Leibrand et al. (2019) |
