LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7457008 / 15576-23719 JSONTXT 14 Projects

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Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T144 0-10 Sentence denotes Discussion
T145 11-262 Sentence denotes A novel coronavirus was identified by the Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention following reports of pneumonia of unknown etiology in Wuhan, China in January 2020.8 It was termed COVID-19 and was declared a pandemic on 11 March by the WHO.
T146 263-603 Sentence denotes The index case entered the UK on 23 January with subsequent rapid spread across the country bringing unprecedented pressure to the UK NHS.9 Significant reorganization and restructuring of hospitals and trusts became essential, with institutions focusing their efforts on life threatening presentations, in patients with Coronavirus disease.
T147 604-730 Sentence denotes Our study has examined the extent and effect of redeployment on ophthalmology trainees to help with this crisis across the UK.
T148 731-1034 Sentence denotes In the past, there have been cases where doctors were deployed to aid in a humanitarian cause such as the Ebola virus disease in West Africa or as military medics however there is nothing reported in the literature in the UK or other countries regarding a national scale redeployment across specialties.
T149 1035-1636 Sentence denotes Currently there are a few emerging descriptive reports of changes in working pattern in COVID-19 where orthopedic surgeons were redeployed to the emergency room10 and the neurology department was re-structured to support the rest of the hospital to cope with COVID-19 related emergencies in the United States.11 In the UK, the NHS England has produced a guidance on “Redeploying your secondary care medical workforce safely” to support critical care services in pandemic, ophthalmology being one of the specialties to be redeployed.4 Ophthalmology represents a significant medical workforce in the UK.
T150 1637-1986 Sentence denotes There are 135 NHS trusts which provide ophthalmic services with 1482 ophthalmic consultants, 662 staff grade, associate specialist and specialty grade doctors (SAS), and 706 ophthalmologists in training.12 Certainly in the authors’ trust, ophthalmology registrars and fellows are one of the few groups of doctors who have been redeployed to the ICU.
T151 1987-2137 Sentence denotes Our work is the first survey open to all ophthalmologists in the UK conducted to study redeployment to the unprecedented Coronavirus disease pandemic.
T152 2138-2289 Sentence denotes From the survey respondents, 52% of ophthalmologists were redeployed across all grades, more than half of them being ST3+ ophthalmologists in training.
T153 2290-2421 Sentence denotes The most common workplace was those areas with confirmed Coronavirus disease patients such as medical/surgical wards and ICU (81%).
T154 2422-2509 Sentence denotes It was interesting to note that only two ophthalmologists (3%) were assigned to the ED.
T155 2510-2833 Sentence denotes This is most likely to be due to the nature of ED working pattern where prompt management plan for new patients is required by all clinicians whereas ophthalmologists may be better utilized in a ward setting where they can support the medical team by performing other duties such as ordering investigations and prescribing.
T156 2834-3000 Sentence denotes This is well shown in our survey that the main roles of ophthalmologists were review of investigations (78%), prescribing (78%) and clinical review of patients (74%).
T157 3001-3186 Sentence denotes It is also worth noting that they were also able to perform clinical review of patients and this allowed the medical team to focus on tasks which require more complex medical decisions.
T158 3187-3420 Sentence denotes Our results also demonstrated that senior ophthalmologists were more likely to be involved in supportive care than our junior colleagues (33% vs 8%) and junior colleagues were more involved in clinical care of patients (100% vs 74%).
T159 3421-3876 Sentence denotes This is in accordance with the guidance published by the Academy of Medical Royal Colleges “Plans regarding trainee redeployment during the COVID-19 pandemic” which advocates skills-based redeployment of doctors.5 There was a statistically significant difference between the more junior ophthalmologists in training (ST 1-2) and their senior counterparts (ST3+) in the clinical review of patients and investigations. (p = 0.019 and p = 0.04 respectively).
T160 3877-4041 Sentence denotes Naturally the younger ophthalmologists had more recent medical experience and were able to be more comfortable in these tasks compared to their senior counterparts.
T161 4042-4222 Sentence denotes Much anxiety was expressed among ophthalmologists and other doctors regarding redeployment.13–15 We have evaluated the anxiety level of ophthalmologists pre- and post-redeployment.
T162 4223-4358 Sentence denotes A total of 59% of ophthalmologists reported improvement in anxiety level after the redeployment and this was statistically significant.
T163 4359-4527 Sentence denotes A similar observation was made by other authors.16 This study identified that support received from the areas deployed and training had a significant effect on anxiety.
T164 4528-4667 Sentence denotes It was also interesting to note that the anxiety levels were similar in both groups before redeployment (redeployment vs non-redeployment).
T165 4668-4734 Sentence denotes Our survey assessed the use of PPE in redeployed ophthalmologists.
T166 4735-4870 Sentence denotes When we cross-checked the PPE requirement per location against the PHE guidance, we discovered that only 71% met the national criteria.
T167 4871-5015 Sentence denotes This showed that the ophthalmologists were familiar enough with PHE guidance on appropriate PPE to identify shortfalls for the area they worked.
T168 5016-5280 Sentence denotes The inadequate availability of PPE has been highlighted in the media to be a national problem initially in the UK.17 The study also showed that the largest proportion of PPE deficiencies were found in eye/face protection on wards with Coronavirus disease patients.
T169 5281-5392 Sentence denotes This may be due to prioritization, frequent utilization and requirement with slow turnover of this kind of PPE.
T170 5393-5570 Sentence denotes At the time of the survey, the requirement for eye protection was recently published and there may have been a delay in implementation & dissemination of PPE across the country.
T171 5571-5645 Sentence denotes If we exclude eye/face protection, the compliance ranged from 83% to 100%.
T172 5646-5842 Sentence denotes The British Medical Association (BMA) conducted a survey across specialties regarding PPE availability.18 Their results mirrored our findings among ophthalmologists, in fact some areas much worse.
T173 5843-6046 Sentence denotes For example, in areas where aerosol-generating procedures were undertaken, 39.2% answered that they were provided with adequate eye/face protection in the BMA survey compared to our figure of 89% in ICU.
T174 6047-6168 Sentence denotes In our study, the lowest provision was the eye/face protection in COVID ward (59%), compared to 35.05% in the BMA survey.
T175 6169-6303 Sentence denotes A further study in the future assessing PPE provision would be useful to see if the initial shortfall of PPE compliance was addressed.
T176 6304-6362 Sentence denotes We recognize that there are some limitations to our study.
T177 6363-6476 Sentence denotes Ophthalmologists who have been redeployed are more likely to respond to the survey compared to those who are not.
T178 6477-6618 Sentence denotes Although our results showed that those who are not redeployed had a good survey completion rate, the questionnaire was shorter in this group.
T179 6619-6673 Sentence denotes The response rate was low in the deployed ST1-2 group.
T180 6674-6838 Sentence denotes This may be due to the fact that the majority of them were sent to wards (both COVID-19 and clean areas) where they were likely to have an antisocial shift pattern.
T181 6839-6893 Sentence denotes There was a non-randomized distribution of the survey.
T182 6894-7090 Sentence denotes This methodology was chosen to capture as many of those deployed across the UK targeting through trainee networks but in addition to allow snowballing of the survey from one respondent to another.
T183 7091-7154 Sentence denotes This could have introduced a potential source of sampling bias.
T184 7155-7306 Sentence denotes The survey allowed other reasons for anxiety to be identified such as the anxiety from litigation from working in an area outside of their expert area.
T185 7307-7487 Sentence denotes We did note that none of the respondents mentioned this as a reason for their anxiety and this may be partly due to assurances from their trust of the provision of trust indemnity.
T186 7488-7686 Sentence denotes Although the online survey provider only allowed a single response from a device, we do acknowledge that duplication of the survey could occur if an alternate device was used by the same individual.
T187 7687-7845 Sentence denotes We have performed the survey at this point to capture the reflection in action, but we understand that it does not represent the overall view of the pandemic.
T188 7846-8143 Sentence denotes Further studies assessing anxieties in other groups such as anesthetists or intensive care doctors would be useful to determine whether anxiety was created by being asked to work in unfamiliar physical environments with patients and diseases outside our usual practice or being in personal danger.