| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T82 |
0-206 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In a study of 26 ICU patients that were diagnosed with proven (non-CAPA/IAPA) IPA post mortem, serum GM had only 25% sensitivity in those that were not neutropenic (versus 70% in neutropenic patients) [31]. |
| T83 |
207-263 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In contrast, BAL GM was 88–90% sensitive in both groups. |
| T84 |
264-446 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the IAPA study by Schauwvlieghe et al. [13] serum GM testing performed better with 20 (65%) out of 31 positive cases, however BAL GM remained superior at 67 (88%) out of 76 cases. |
| T85 |
447-616 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In CAPA cases reported to date (table 1), BAL culture and GM had a sensitivity of 72.7% and 66.7%, respectively, but serum GM was positive in only six (21.4%) out of 28. |
| T86 |
617-800 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Moreover, of the five cases of proven CAPA reported to date, four were serum GM negative (table 1) [8], indicating that serum GM test performance might be inferior in diagnosing CAPA. |
| T87 |
801-1084 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Therefore, bronchoscopy, including tracheobronchial inspection and BAL sampling for culture and GM should be the diagnostic gold standards whenever CAPA is suspected, providing this is compatible with local infection prevention and control guidance for aerosol-generating procedures. |
| T88 |
1085-1204 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A positive BAL GM (index >1.0) would be indicative of CAPA, whereas if the index is <0.5 CAPA is much less likely [31]. |
| T89 |
1205-1342 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A positive serum GM result (≥ 0.5) would be highly suspicious for CAPA but a negative result should not be used to exclude the diagnosis. |
| T90 |
1343-1561 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Novel lateral-flow antigen tests may represent a locally implementable alternative to GM ELISA in the CL3 laboratory, but currently require validation in ICU patients without EORTC host factors including COVID-19 [28]. |
| T91 |
1562-1782 |
Sentence |
denotes |
An Aspergillus-specific PCR test [29] may also be helpful and if positive could also lead to the application of molecular testing for the recognised markers of clinically or environmentally derived azole resistance [32]. |
