LitCovid-sentences  

PMC:7358770 / 1872-5525 JSONTXT 13 Projects

Annnotations TAB TSV DIC JSON TextAE

Id Subject Object Predicate Lexical cue
T17 0-15 Sentence denotes 1 Introduction
T18 16-279 Sentence denotes The present outbreak of a coronavirus-associated acute respiratory disease called coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19) has spread to >210 countries, which is rare among acute infectious diseases in recent years, and caused a great threat to global public health [1].
T19 280-471 Sentence denotes This disease was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), and it is the third documented spillover of an animal coronavirus to humans in only two decades [2,3].
T20 472-612 Sentence denotes Since the first human coronavirus detected in the 1960s, SARS-CoV-2 is the seventh coronavirus that is known to infect humans (Fig. 1 ) [4].
T21 613-739 Sentence denotes There are four types of coronaviruses named as α, β, γ and δ, which only α- and β-type contain human pathogenic strains [1,4].
T22 740-910 Sentence denotes SARS-CoV-2, including severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV), are all β-coronal viruses [3].
T23 911-993 Sentence denotes Fig. 1 The virus types and symptoms of 7 important pathogenic human coronaviruses.
T24 994-1205 Sentence denotes Coronaviruses (CoVs) are enveloped single-stranded positive-sense RNA viruses (Fig. 2A), which widely infected vertebrates including humans and animals, to cause respiratory and enteric diseases [[5], [6], [7]].
T25 1206-1389 Sentence denotes Spike glycoprotein (S protein) plays a major role in the pathogenesis of coronavirus, inducing host immune responses, and is considered a primary target for vaccine preparation [1,8].
T26 1390-1555 Sentence denotes Current information indicates that SARS-CoV-2 is more contagious than SARS-CoV including person­to­person spread, which poses a serious threat to human health [3,9].
T27 1556-1666 Sentence denotes Fig. 2 The structure of CoV virion and S protein, (A) Depiction of the CoV virion; (B) Depiction of S protein.
T28 1667-2231 Sentence denotes A single S protein is depicted as a rectangle, and relevant structural features are highlighted as follows: N-terminal receptor binding domain (N-RBD) in dark blue; C-RBD in brown; cleavage sites (CS) 1 and 2, fusion peptide (FP) in red, heptad repeat (HR) regions 1 and 2 in green; transmembrane span (TM) depicted as membrane bilayer; cytoplasmic tail (CT) in light blue.; (C) Structure of the MHV N-RBD in complex with its CEACAM receptor.; (D) Structure of the SARS C-RBD in complex with its ACE2 receptor.; (E) Structure of the post-fusion HR1-HR2 bundle [7].
T29 2232-2303 Sentence denotes At present, there are almost no specific drugs for coronavirus therapy.
T30 2304-2440 Sentence denotes Researchers have been working to inhibit growth of the virus, but the virus may mutate and develop resistance to these therapies [1,10].
T31 2441-2631 Sentence denotes It is urgent for the international medical community to develop targeted, high-efficiency and low-toxic drugs to treat the coronavirus based on the structure and property of the coronavirus.
T32 2632-2835 Sentence denotes Polysaccharides have been used in traditional Chinese herbal medicine for at least 500 years [11], and have advantages of wide sources, low toxicity, good biocompatibility, and immune regulation [12,13].
T33 2836-3014 Sentence denotes Some polysaccharides, such as carrageenan, chitosan, fucoidan, and astragalus polysaccharide (APS), have been reported to show strong antiviral activity [[14], [15], [16], [17]].
T34 3015-3270 Sentence denotes In particular, sulfated polysaccharides can interfere with the entry process of virus by blocking the positive charge of the pathogen surface receptors, to prevent them from binding to heparan sulfate proteoglycan (HSPGs) on the surface of host cell [18].
T35 3271-3361 Sentence denotes Thus, polysaccharides are attractive candidates for developing potential antiviral agents.
T36 3362-3653 Sentence denotes Here, we summarized and analyzed the antiviral properties, mechanisms, and applications of some polysaccharides and their derivatives in the anti-virus field, aiming to provide a new approach to the development of drugs and vaccines for the treatment of coronavirus, especially for COVID-19.