| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T444 |
0-114 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Corticosteroids have played a key role in the treatment of auto-immune diseases over the past 70 years (251, 252). |
| T445 |
115-304 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Whether endogenous or exogenous, corticosteroids decrease the number of circulating monocytes and lymphocytes and decrease synthesis of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α) (251). |
| T446 |
305-482 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Their strong anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive effects make them good candidates for rapidly suppressing inflammation during early auto-immune disease or viral infections. |
| T447 |
483-569 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Corticosteroids have been shown to inhibit NK cells in ex vivo experiments (253, 254). |
| T448 |
570-793 |
Sentence |
denotes |
While corticosteroids may delay clearance of infections, their major benefit lies in suppressing excessive innate immune responses, thus preventing lung damage and ARDS commonly present in severe viral infections (255–257). |
| T449 |
794-916 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In fact, this was the main rationale for the widespread use of corticosteroids during MERS and SARS infections (255, 256). |
| T450 |
917-1116 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Specific to COVID-19, some groups have advocated for the use of low-dose corticosteroids in a specific subset of critically-ill patients with refractory ARDS, sepsis, or septic shock (Table 2) (257). |
| T451 |
1117-1279 |
Sentence |
denotes |
There is one known ongoing randomized clinical trial examining the effect of the corticosteroid ciclesonide in adults with mild COVID-19 infections (NCT04330586). |
| T452 |
1280-1393 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This trial is based on preclinical studies showing in vitro antiviral activity of ciclesonide against SARS-CoV-2. |
