Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T17 |
0-180 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We are developing a second generation bifunctional drug called DRhQ that can simultaneously bind to and inhibit both the TCR and CD74 through distinct regions of the construct [6]. |
T18 |
181-409 |
Sentence |
denotes |
DRhQ is comprised of the HLA-DRα1 domain with an L50Q amino acid substitution (to enhance binding affinity for CD74) linked to an autoantigen peptide (myelin oligodendroglial cell glycoprotein, i.e. MOG-35-55 peptide) (Fig. 1 ). |
T19 |
410-637 |
Sentence |
denotes |
DRhQ was derived from soluble MHC Class II α1-β1-antigenic peptide constructs originally designed to ligate specific T cell receptors as the distal components of the trimolecular complex (called Recombinant TCR ligands – RTLs). |
T20 |
638-957 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As partial TCR agonists these constructs, containing various disease-associated MHC and antigenic peptide components, could indeed inhibit MHC-restricted antigen specific T cells, but translation of RTL1000 for human use in a Phase 1 clinical trial (showing safety and tolerability) required MHC-matched recipients [7]. |
T21 |
958-1247 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Thus, the simpler DRhQ construct was designed, retaining just the conserved-in-human DRα1 domain (without the polymorphic HLA-DRβ1 domain) linked to the MOG-35-55 peptide extension, with the added benefit that it can be administered to all recipients without need for tissue type matching. |
T22 |
1248-1461 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This has enabled use of the DRα1-MOG-35-55 construct to reverse ongoing neuroinflammation and disease signs in animal models of multiple sclerosis, stroke, methamphetamine disorders and traumatic brain injury [8]. |
T23 |
1462-1813 |
Sentence |
denotes |
These and other studies ([9], [10], [11] & unpublished data) revealed down-regulation of multiple proinflammatory components driven by both innate and adaptive immune responses that also contribute to the SARS-CoV-2 cytokine storm, including complement receptor C5aR1, platelet activation, IL-1β, IL-2, IL-6, TNF-α, CCR2 (receptor for CCL2) and CXCR2. |
T24 |
1814-2101 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Of further importance, a partial HLA-DP RTL construct could inhibit activated pleural T cell infiltrates from patients with beryllium-induced lung fibroma [12], suggesting more-directly-relevant activity that could be potentially beneficial as a treatment of COVID-19 patients with ARDS. |
T25 |
2102-2193 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Fig. 1 Dual activities of DRhQ that could block the “Cytokine Storm” induced by SARS-CoV-2. |
T26 |
2194-2344 |
Sentence |
denotes |
DRhQ is a bifunctional drug comprised of the HLA-DRα1 domain covalently linked to human myelin oligodendroglial cell glycoprotein (MOG)-35-55 peptide. |
T27 |
2345-2604 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Due to its unique design, DRhQ can bind to and inhibit both T cell receptors and the MHC “invariant” chain, CD74, that serves as the receptor for the proinflammatory homologs, MIF and MIF2, resulting in blockade of multiple contributors to the Cytokine Storm. |
T28 |
2605-2616 |
Sentence |
denotes |
DRhQ image: |
T29 |
2617-2704 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Green = DRα1L50Q domain; Dark green line = linker; Black = MOG-35-55 peptide extension. |