Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T293 |
0-4 |
Sentence |
denotes |
3.3. |
T294 |
5-44 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Influenza Viruses in Swine in Australia |
T295 |
45-177 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Swine influenza was first reported in Australian swine only in 2009 after a swine farm owner reported coughing symptoms among swine. |
T296 |
178-319 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Simultaneously, some of the human workers on the farm also developed influenza like symptoms and hence stayed out of the farm until recovery. |
T297 |
320-451 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Later, the farm owner also developed similar symptoms following which he was tested for A(H1N1)pdm09 virus which resulted positive. |
T298 |
452-662 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As a result, a representative number of swine showing coughing symptoms and loss in appetite were sampled for molecular diagnostics and serology which confirmed that 12 swine were positive for H1N1 virus [175]. |
T299 |
663-839 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Second report of IAV in Australian swine appeared on a Queensland farm in August 2009 when a veterinarian observed elevated temperature, coughing and loss of appetite in swine. |
T300 |
840-991 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Simultaneously, two of the staff members on the farm exhibited influenza-like symptoms and hence were sampled for diagnostic testing using nasal swabs. |
T301 |
992-1099 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Interestingly, both the staff members and four of the swine were found positive for the A(H1N1)pdm09 virus. |
T302 |
1100-1324 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sequencing identified that the HA gene of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus retrieved from a staff member was identical to the virus retrieved from the swine which suggested transmission of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus between swine and human [176]. |
T303 |
1325-1528 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Third report of IAV in Australian swine appeared when a respiratory disease outbreak in swine and the farm workers occurred in Perth, Western Australia during 2012 which identified 43 IAV positive swine. |
T304 |
1529-1667 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Sanger sequencing of HA and NA genes identified six novel HIN2, three novel H3N2, one A(H1N1)pdm09 and two seasonal H3N2 viruses in swine. |
T305 |
1668-1765 |
Sentence |
denotes |
On the contrary, only one out of eight human workers were found positive for seasonal H3N2 virus. |
T306 |
1766-1888 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study could not conclude the event of zoonotic transmission of IAV between swine and human workers at the farm [177]. |
T307 |
1889-2088 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The fourth report of IAV was documented when 14 IAV positive swine were identified at a commercial swine farm in Western Australia during July–September 2012 and later during September–November 2016. |
T308 |
2089-2170 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Additionally, 17 swine were determined to be IAV positive in southern Queensland. |
T309 |
2171-2359 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The complete genomes of 10 IAV isolates retrieved in Western Australia and Queensland were successfully sequenced which identified seven H1N2, two human-like H3N2 and one H1N1 virus [178]. |
T310 |
2360-2488 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Overall, four reports of IAV outbreaks in swine in New South Wales, Queensland and Western Australia were available (Figure 4C). |
T311 |
2489-2608 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The H1N1, H1N2, H3N2 and A(H1N1)pdm09 subtypes have been reported from Australian swine with relatively low prevalence. |