| Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
| T17 |
0-102 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Influenza viruses are the members of Orthomyxoviridae family and have a wide host range [1,2,3,4,5,6]. |
| T18 |
103-196 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Due to unique physiology, swine are considered the “mixing vessel” for influenza viruses [7]. |
| T19 |
197-366 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Four types of influenza viruses have been reported in swine i.e., influenza A virus (IAV), influenza B virus (IBV), influenza C virus (ICV), and influenza D virus (IDV). |
| T20 |
367-519 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The genomes of IAV and IBV have eight gene segments of single-stranded negative sense RNA while the genomes of ICV and IDV have seven gene segments [8]. |
| T21 |
520-725 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Among the eight gene segments of IAV and IBV, the hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) are most significant and crucial for the pathogenicity of these viruses which determine the antigenic properties. |
| T22 |
726-875 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The HA gene regulates the attachment of virus particles to the host receptor while NA gene regulates the release of progeny virus into the host cell. |
| T23 |
876-1048 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Co-infection of swine with two or more IAV strains may trigger the reassortment [9] which in turn, could facilitate the emergence of new influenza virus strains [10,11,12]. |
| T24 |
1049-1261 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Point mutations which occur due to an error-prone RNA polymerase that lacks the ability of proof-reading and corrections during replication may also complement the genetic diversity of the influenza viruses [13]. |
| T25 |
1262-1485 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The mechanisms of reassortment and point mutations may give rise to “antigenic shift” and “antigenic drift” within HA and NA genes, respectively, facilitating the emergence of new subtypes and lineages of influenza viruses. |
| T26 |
1486-1653 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As a result, total 18 HA and 11 NA subtypes of IAV [14,15,16] and two lineages (Victoria/B and Yamagata/B) of IBV have been reported so far in different hosts [17,18]. |
