Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T2 |
0-107 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We read with interest the report of Guillain-Barré syndrome secondary to SARS-Cov-19 infection (Coen et al. |
T3 |
108-114 |
Sentence |
denotes |
2020). |
T4 |
115-294 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Recently, there have been multiple reports of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) associated with the COVID-19 infection (Sedaghat and Karimi, 2020, Toscano et al.,, Zhao et al., 2020). |
T5 |
295-375 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most COVID-19-related GBS presented with acute onset of areflexic quadriparesis. |
T6 |
376-467 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, there are some important differences to highlight (table 1 ). (Garg et al., 2018). |
T7 |
468-521 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most patients with COVID-19-related GBS were elderly. |
T8 |
522-602 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Preceding symptoms like ageusia and hyposmia were unique for COVID-19 infection. |
T9 |
603-736 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Patients with COVID-19-related GBS had a severe disease with respiratory failure due to lobar pneumonia and interstitial pneumonitis. |
T10 |
737-815 |
Sentence |
denotes |
They showed ground-glass appearance of lungs on chest computerized tomography. |
T11 |
816-895 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Increased severity of disease is also evident from the electrophysiology study. |
T12 |
896-1115 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Where demyelinating neuropathy is more common with typical GBS and GBS related to dengue and Zika virus, majority of COVID-19-related GBS patients had axonal motor (AMAN) and axonal motor-sensory polyneuropathy (AMSAN). |
T13 |
1116-1217 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A few of these patients showed enhancement of caudal nerve roots on Gadolinium-enhanced MRI of spine. |
T14 |
1218-1357 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Most COVID-19 patients received hydroxychloroquine, azithromycin, lopinavir and ritonavir in addition to intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG). |
T15 |
1358-1475 |
Sentence |
denotes |
However, more than half of patients showed poor outcome in the form of long ICU stay, residual paresis and dysphagia. |
T16 |
1476-1578 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Table 1 Differences in the presentation of Typical GBS, Dengue, Zika virus and COVID SARS related GBS. |
T17 |
1579-1663 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Feature Typical GBS Dengue-related GBS Zika virus-related GBS COVID SARS related GBS |
T18 |
1664-3307 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Geographical distributionAgeSexPreceding illnessMean time to GBSInitial symptomsDysphagiaSignsFacial diplegiaDysautonomiaAtaxiaRespiratory failureOther cranial nerves involvedLeukopeniaThrombocytopeniaNerve conductionCT chestMRI Brain/spineTreatmentOutcome GlobalAll age groupsMales 1.5 times more affectedRespiratory or gastrointestinal< 6 weeksParesthesia, pain followed by weakness of limbsLess commonAreflexic quadreparesisCommonCommonLess common25%Ocular nervesUncommonUncommonAIDP--IVIG, PlasmapherisisGood, persistent disability in 20%-30% Latin America, IndiaAll age groupsMales:Females EqualFever, rash, myalgia, headache1–30 daysAscending weakness, paresthesia, facial weaknessLess commonAreflexic quadri/paraparesisCommonLess commonLess commonLess commonGlossopharyngeal nerveCommonCommonAIDP, AMSAN--IVIG, PlasmapheresisGood Latin America, Europe, East Asia, North AmericalMiddle age to elderlyMore malesFever, headache, rash, arthralgia, diarrhea, conjunctivitis0–10 daysLimb pains, paresthesia, lower limb weakness, facial weaknessMore commonAreflexic quadri/paraparesisCommon (>50%)Common (up to 30%)Common (up to 70%)Less common3rd cranial nerve--AIDP > AMAN, AMSAN--IVIG, PlasmapheresisGood, half may require ICU care China, Iran, Europe, USAUsually elderlyMore malesFever, cough, dyspnea, ageusia, hyposmia5–14 daysParesthesia, lower limb weakness, facial weaknessLess commonAreflexic quadri/paraparesisCommonLess commonLess commonCommon-Common-AMSAN, AMAN, AIDPPneumonia, interstitial pneumonitisEnhancement of caudal nerve rootsIVIG, Lopinavir, ritonavir, HCQ, Azithromycin,Poor, residual weakness, dysphagia, long ICU stay |
T19 |
3308-3448 |
Sentence |
denotes |
AIDP – Acute inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy, AMAN – Acute motor axonal neuropathy, AMSAN – Acute motor sensory axonal neuropathy. |