Id |
Subject |
Object |
Predicate |
Lexical cue |
T168 |
0-62 |
Sentence |
denotes |
This study also looked at CLQ-OH and its interaction with GM1. |
T169 |
63-162 |
Sentence |
denotes |
We recently published a model describing a complex formed by one GM1 and two CLQ-OH molecules [10]. |
T170 |
163-302 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For comparison, the same molecular modelling approaches as for ATM (in the presence of surrounding raft lipids) were applied to this model. |
T171 |
303-431 |
Sentence |
denotes |
A stable complex formed by a ganglioside dimer, each monomer being associated with two CLQ-OH molecules, was obtained (Fig. 8d). |
T172 |
432-600 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The stability of this complex is reinforced by a rearrangement of CLQ-OH molecules that interact with each other as well as interacting with the saccharide part of GM1. |
T173 |
601-762 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Consequently, the surface of the ganglioside is almost completely masked, so that the ganglioside dimer can no longer be recognized by the viral spike (Fig. 8c). |
T174 |
763-944 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the presence of both ATM and CLQ-OH, virus-ganglioside interactions are efficiently blocked, preventing any close contact between the virus and the plasma membrane of host cells. |
T175 |
945-1025 |
Sentence |
denotes |
The molecular details of this synergistic antiviral effect are worth mentioning. |
T176 |
1026-1043 |
Sentence |
denotes |
As shown in Figs. |
T177 |
1044-1182 |
Sentence |
denotes |
5 and 8e and Table S1, the QFN triad of the virus spike protein is predicted to interact with the central region of the ganglioside dimer. |
T178 |
1183-1302 |
Sentence |
denotes |
If the dimer is compared metaphorically to a butterfly, this region corresponds to the insect's head between the wings. |
T179 |
1303-1429 |
Sentence |
denotes |
For its part, CLQ-OH binds to the wings (Fig. 8d), whereas ATM neutralizes the QFN triad of the virus spike protein (Fig. 8f). |
T180 |
1430-1581 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Indeed, all attempts to obtain a stable raft-spike protein complex aborted when GM1 was covered by CLMQ-OH and when ATM was bound to the spike protein. |
T181 |
1582-1838 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In the case of ATM, these data confirm that the QFN triad is critical for GM1 recognition and that although other residues are involved (Fig. 5 and Table S1), the whole binding process is fully controlled by the primary interaction driven by the QFN triad. |
T182 |
1839-1984 |
Sentence |
denotes |
In agreement with this notion, mutating the QFN triad with alanine residues resulted in an aborted ATM binding process at the post-docking steps. |
T183 |
1985-2349 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Taken together, these molecular modelling studies indicate that CLQ-OH and ATM, when bound to their respective targets, totally mask the complementary surfaces provided by the lipid raft and the virus spike (Fig. 8c): CLQ-OH binds to GM1 and covers the wing, ATM binds to the virus spike and prevents any interaction with the central area of the ganglioside dimer. |
T184 |
2350-2449 |
Sentence |
denotes |
Hence, both drugs act as competitive inhibitors of SARS-CoV-2 attachment to the host-cell membrane. |